[信用证]—信用证的开立
[ 发布日期:2007-10-17 8:29:36 ] 浏览人数: 467
1.开证的申请
进出口双方同意用跟单信用证支付后,进口商便有责任开证。第一件事是填写开证申请表,这张表为开证申请人与开证行建立了法律关系,因此,开证申请表是开证的最重要的文件。
2.开证的要求
信用证申请的要求在统一惯例中有明确规定,进口商必须确切地将其告之银行。信用证开立的指示必须完整和明确。申请人必须时刻记住跟单信用证交易是一种单据交易,而不是货物交易。银行家不是商人,因此申请人不能希望银行工作人员能充分了解每一笔交易中的技术术语。即使他将销售合同中的所有条款都写入信用证中,如果受益人真的想欺骗,他也无法得到完全保护。这就需要银行与申请人共同努力,运用常识来避免开列对各方均显累赘的信用证。银行也应该劝阻在开立信用证时其内容套用过去已开立的信用证(套证)。
3.开证的安全性
银行接到开证申请人完整的指示后,必须立即按该指示开立信用证。另一方面,银行也有权要求申请人交出一定数额的资金或以其财产的其他形式作为银行执行其指示的保证。按现行规定,中国地方、部门及企业所拥有的外汇通常必须存入中国的银行。如果某些单位需要跟单信用证进口货物或技术,中国的银行将冻结其帐户中相当于信用证金额的资金作为开证保证金。如果申请人在开证行没有帐号,开证行在开立信用证之前很可能要求申请人在其银行存入一笔相当于全部信用证金额的资金。这种担保可以通过抵押或典押实现(例如股票),但银行也有可能通过用于交易的货物作为担保提供融资。开证行首先要对该笔货物的适销性进行调查,如果货物易销,银行凭信用证给客户提供的融资额度比滞销商品要高得多。
4.申请人与开证行的义务和责任
申请人对开证行承担三项主要义务:
(1)申请人必须偿付开证行为取得单据代表代向受益人支付的贷款。在他付款前,作为物权凭证的单据仍属于银行。www.stonebuy.com
(2)如果单据与信用证条款相一致而申请人拒绝"赎单",则其作为担保的存款或帐户上已被冻结的资金将归银行所有。http//news.stonebuy.com
(3)申请人有向开证行提供开证所需的全部费用的责任。
开证行对申请人所承担的责任:
首先,开证行一旦收到开证的详尽指示,有责任尽快开证。
其次,开证行一旦接受开证申请,就必须严格按照申请人的指示行事。
例一:
Dear Mr. / Ms,
We are much concerned that your sales in recent months have fallen considerably. At first we thought this might be due to a slack market, but on looking into the matter more closely, we find that the general trend of trade during this period has been upwards.
It is possible that you are facing difficulties of which we are not aware. If so, we would like to know what we can do to help. We, therefore, look forward to receiving from you a detailed report on the situation and suggestions as to how we may help in restoring our sales to their former level.
Yours faithfully,
尊敬的先生/小姐,
我们非常关心你方销售近几个月大幅度下降。开始我们以为是市场疲软,但仔细研究问题,我们发现过去这段时间贸易的总趋势是上升的。
有可能你方面临我方还不知道的困难,如是这样,我方想知道是否能帮助什么。我们期望收到关于问题的详细报告,及建议我们怎样帮助才能把销售恢复到原来的水平。
例二:
Dear Sirs:
We would like to place an order for 500 Irina 262 electric typewriters at your price of US$300 each, CIF Lagos, for shipment during July/August.
We would like to pay for this order by a 30-day L/C. This is a big order involving US$150,000 and, since we have only moderate cash reserves, tying up funds for three or four months would cause problems for us.
We much appreciate the support you have given us in the past and would be most grateful if you could extend this favour to us. If you are agreeable, please send us your contract. On receipt, we will establish the relevant L/C immediately.
Yours faithfully,
Tony Smith
Chief Seller
译文:
**先生:
本公司欲向贵公司下定单,以每台300美元价格(拉哥斯到岸价),订购500台伊琳娜262型号电动打字机,于七至八月装运。
此项交易款额高达150,000美元,本公司只是适量现金储备,占用资金三、四个月将造成麻烦,故建议以三十日有效期的信用证付款。
承蒙贵公司一向照顾,若能继续给予优惠,本公司感激不忘。如同意上述建议,烦请赐寄合约,即开立信用证。
销售部主任
托尼.斯密思谨上
例三:
SPECIMEN:EXTENDING VALIDITY OF THE L/C
Dear Sirs:
RE:EXTENDING VALIDITY F THE L/C
We regret to say that we have not received your L/C related jto above mentioned sales Confirmation until today. It is stipulated clearly in the Sales Confirmation that the relevant L/C must reach to us not later than the end of Aug Alought the reaching time of the L/C is overdue,we would like still to ship your goods in view of long-standing friend relationship between us . However , we can not make
ship ment of your goods within the time stipulated in the Sales Conifrmatin owing to the delay of th L/C, Therefore, the /C needs to be extended as follows.
(1)l\\time of shipment will be extended to the end of Oct
(2)Validity of the L/C will be extended to NOv15,
Your kind attention is inveited to the fact tht we must receive your L/C amendment before Sept 30.Otherwise, we will not be able to effect the shipment in time Looking forward to receiving your L/C amendment early we remain.
Yours truely
信用证展期
我们遗憾地告诉你方,直到今天我方才收到你方有关上述售货确认书的信用证。在所述确认书上清楚地规定有关信用证应不迟于8月底到达我处。虽然你方信用证到达的期限已过,但鉴于我们之间的长期友好关系, 我们仍愿装运你方订货。 然而,由于信用证迟到,我们不能按售货确认书所定间装运货物。 因此, 需将信用证展期如下:
(1)将装运期延期至10月底
(2)将信用证有效期展至11月15日
请注意我们要求在9月30日之前收到信用证修改收。否则, 我们无法如期装运货物。
期盼及早收到你方信用证修改通知书。
posted on 2008-05-10 12:25
Titalan 阅读(35)
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