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  2006年8月23日

Mr. Bear and Mr. Rabbit

先生和兔子先生

Mr. Bear and Mr. Rabbit lived in the same forest, but they didn't like each other very much. One day, while walking through the woods, and they came across a golden frog. They were amazed when the frog talked to them. The golden frog admitted that he didn't often meet anyone, but, when he did, he always gave them six wishes, so he told them that they could have three wishes each.

Mr. Bear immediately wished that all the other bears in the forest were females. The frog granted his wish. Mr. Rabbit, after thinking for a while, wished for a crash helmet. One appeared immediately, and he placed it on his head.

Mr. Bear was amazed at Mr. Rabbit's wish, but carried on with his second wish. He wished that all the bears in the neighboring forests were females as well, and the frog granted his wish. Mr. Rabbit then wished for a motorcycle. It appeared before him, and he climbed on board and started revving the engine.

Mr. Bear could not believe it and complained that Mr. Rabbit had wasted two wishes that he could have had for himself. Shaking his head, Mr. Bear made his final wish that all the other bears in the world were females as well, leaving him as the only male bear in the world. The frog replied that it had been done, and they both turned to Mr. Rabbit for his last wish.

Mr. Rabbit revved the engine, thought for a second, then said, “I wish that Mr. Bear was gay!” and rode off as fast as he could.

 

Bull Grapevine

吹牛

Three bulls heard via the grapevine that the rancher was going to bring yet another bull onto the ranch, and the prospect raised a discussion among them.

First Bull: Boys, we all know I've been here five years. Once we settled our differences, we agreed on which 100 of the cows would be mine. Now, I don't know where this newcomer is going to get HIS cows, but I am not giving' him any of mine.

Second Bull: That pretty much says it for me, too. I've been here three years and have earned my right to the 50 cows we've agreed are mine. I'll fight him, run him off or kill him, but I'm KEEPING' ALL MY COWS.

Third Bull: I've only been here a year and so far, you guys have only let me have 10 cows to take care of. I may not be as big as you fellows (yet) but I am young and virile, so I simply MUST keep all MY cows.

They had just finished their big talk when an eighteen-wheeler pulls up in the middle of the pasture with only ONE ANIMAL IN IT: the biggest Son-of-Another-Bull these guys had ever seen. At 4,700 pounds, each step he took toward the ground strained the steel ramp to the breaking point.

First Bull: Ahem...You know, it's actually been some time since I really felt I was doing all my cows justice, anyway. I think I can spare a few for our new friend.

Second Bull: I have plenty of cows to take care of, if I just stay on the opposite end of the pasture from HIM. I'm certainly not looking for an argument.

They look over at their young friend, the 3rd bull, and find him pawing the dirt, shaking his horns, and snorting.

First Bull: Son, let me give you some advice real quick. Let him have some of your cows and live to tell about it.

Third Bull: Hell, he can have ALL my cows. I'm just making sure he knows I'm a bull.

 

The Aging Explorer

好汉不提当年勇

A young reporter went to a retirement home to interview an aged but legendary explorer. The reporter asked the old man to tell him the most frightening experience he had ever had.

 

The old explorer said, "Once I was hunting Bengal tigers in the jungles of India. I was on a narrow path and my faithful native gunbearer was behind me. Suddenly the largest tiger I have ever seen leaped onto the path in front of us. I turned to get my weapon only to find the native had fled. The tiger leapt toward me with a mighty ROARRRR! I soiled myself."

 

The reporter said, "Under those circumstances anyone would have done the same."

 

The old explorer said, "No, not then - just now when I went '''ROARRRR!'''

 

 

Four Men and Their Dogs

各有所长

 

Four men, an Engineer, an Accountant, a Chemist and a Government Worker were bragging about how smart their dogs were. To show off, the Engineer called to his dog and said, "T-Square, do your stuff."

 

T- Square trotted over to a desk, took out some paper and a pen and promptly drew a circle, a square and a triangle. Everyone agreed that was pretty smart. But the Accountant said his dog could do better. He called his dog and said, "Slide Rule, do your stuff."

 

Slide Rule went out into the kitchen and returned with a dozen cookies. He divided them into 4 equal piles of 3 cookies each. Everyone agreed that was good. But the Chemist said his dog could do better. He called his dog and said, "Measure, do your stuff."

 

Measure got up, walked over to the fridge, took out a quart of milk, got a 10 ounce glass from the cupboard and poured exactly 8 ounces without spilling a drop. Everyone agreed that was good. Then the three men turned to the Government Worker and said, "What can your dog do?"

 

The Government Worker called to his dog and said, "Coffee Break, do your stuff."

 

Coffee Break jumped to his feet, ate the cookies, drank the milk, dumped on the paper, molested the other three dogs, claimed he injured his back while doing so, filed a grievance report for unsafe working conditions, put in for Worker's Compensation and went home on sick leave.

 

Words词汇

 

rev v. 加速;加快转速

grapevine n. 葡萄藤

virile adj. 有男子气概的

gunbearer n.持枪者

soil v. 失禁

T-square n. 丁字尺

slide rule n. 滑尺

measure n. 量度器

posted @ 2006-08-23 16:25 《出国与留学》 阅读(1256) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

美国《新闻周刊》(Newsweek)与卡普兰教育机构联手推出的《卡普兰大学指南》,选出2006年度全美二十五间最受欢迎的大学。各校除提供上乘教育,还各具特色,迎合不同学子的需要。名单是经访问学生、处理入学申请的大学职员以及观察家们之后定出,部份国际驰名(如哈佛),部份则不为区外人士熟悉,但共通点是近年学术成绩斐然,报读人数增加。这份大学指南列出的最受欢迎大学,林林总总,有的专长于某学术或范畴,有的以校园特点取胜,而其中总有一间会令人向往。

 

OK, Harvard's on our list. But so are some other colleges you might not have heardof. Here are our top picks for the places that everyone's talking about for 2006.

 

Oh, serendipity. A generation ago, when Americans spoke of the best colleges, they had a pretty good idea: the oldest ones, a few of the biggest, and not much else. Even now, among the old guard, that focus often remains on the eight Ivies, a few small institutions like Amherst and some celebrated state schools like the University of California, Berkeley. But today's students, when they start looking for their own best schools to attend, often wind up discovering many colleges that are just as good, and often just about as difficult to get into, as the famous ones. And it's sort of cool to find out that a hot school doesn't need to be one Grandma and Grandpa have even heard of. With so much attention paid to college selection these days - as the number of high-school graduates reaches 3 million and beyond - families are looking for lesser-known schools that make the grade, along with those icons that live up to their reputations. All 25 colleges on the NEWSWEEK-Kaplan Hot List have one attribute in common: they're creating buzz among students, school officials and longtime observers of the admissions process.

 

Our choices, and corresponding categories, are inherently subjective: there are no equations for assessing the magic that makes a school sparkle. And the colleges suit a range of tastes and needs - big and small, urban and rural, private and public. But each reflects a place that is preparing students well for a complex world. Herewith, America's Hottest Colleges for 2006.

 

 

A.       HOTTEST FOR REJECTING YOU 最难进的大学

Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. 哈佛大学,马萨诸塞州坎布里奇市

 

In 2004 Yale edged out Harvard as the most selective Ivy. But after Harvard announced that families earning less than $40,000 wouldn't have to pay the usual parental contribution to tuition, applications jumped to a record 22,796, and the acceptance rate in 2005 dropped to a new low for the Ivies, only 9.1 percent. The aid initiative increased the number of low-income students - 296 qualified. Bottom line: competition was tougher than ever. Harvard undergrads often mock themselves. "It's nice to know you're going to school with people who will control the world," says senior Simon Vozick-Levinson. But they also know how to take advantage. The student paper, the Crimson, is putting out a new book, "How They Got Into Harvard," which has profiles of successful applicants, along with a second book full of winning application essays.

 

 

B.        HOTTEST FOR SCIENCE 最热门理科大学

University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif. 加州大学圣地亚哥分校

 

Science can be fun. UCSD undergraduates mark the end of the school year with the Watermelon Drop, a 40-year-old tradition that began when physics students tested velocity by dropping a melon from seven stories up. On a campus where a quarter of the $1.8 billion in revenue is federal research funds, and where there have been eight Nobel laureates on the faculty, the science is also quite serious. UCSD chancellor Marye Anne Fox, an organic chemist, says welcoming undergraduates into labs is a priority. The school, she says, is also raising the quality of undergraduate education by offering new science majors like molecular synthesis or bioinformatics. Its coastal location, too, is a plus. "Where else can you collect samples from the beach, the desert and the mountains all in one day, and still have time to run genetic tests on them that night?" says Meg Eckles, a biology doctoral student. Faculty and alumni have spun off nearly 200 companies, including about a third of the region's biotech firms.

 

 

C.       HOTTEST FOR LIBERAL ARTS 最热门文科学院

Macalester College, St. Paul, Minn. 麦卡莱斯特学院,明尼苏达州圣保罗市

 

The 1,900-student campus in the middle of a vibrant metropolis has become a key recipient of the growing number of Harvard, Yale and Princeton applicants who are rejected for no other reason than that those schools don't have space for all the A-plus students who apply. Macalester has one faculty member for every 11 students and an emphasis on international affairs symbolized by one of its most famous alumni, U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan. The college has six language residences: Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Russian and Spanish. It offers the intimacy of the archetypal small-town campus - in the middle of the Twin Cities. Applications have increased 60 percent since 1995.

 

 

D.       HOTTEST SMALL STATE UNIVERSITY 最热门的小型州立大学

College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Va. 威廉与玛丽学院,弗吉尼亚州威廉斯堡市

 

It still calls itself a college, even though it has significant graduate programs. William & Mary has only 5,700 undergraduates, which is small for a state school, and considers that a recruiting tool. All freshmen take a seminar with a senior professor and only 16 other students. Since 1999, applicants have jumped 34 percent.  

 

 

E.        HOTTEST BIG STATE UNIVERSITY最热门的大型州立大学

Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. 印地安那大学布鲁明顿分校

 

Much of the charm of life among the Hoosiers springs from tradition, like the Little 500 bicycle races and accompanying weekend partying dramatized in the 1979 film "Breaking Away." But what stokes increasing interest in Indiana from out-of-staters, who make up a third of the freshman class, is IU's eager embrace of the Information Age. The technology giant Intel ranked it first among U.S. universities for wireless connectivity. It doesn't hurt that IU also provides vast choices: 328 degree programs and 130 majors for 30,000 undergraduates.

 

 

F.        HOTTEST FOR COLD WEATHER 最热门的有着寒冷天气的大学

University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. 佛蒙特大学,佛蒙特州伯林顿市

 

Junior Carly Lehrer uses a term, "chillaxed" - a combination of "chill" and "relaxed" - for the mood at UVM even when cold winds blow. That's when students head for Burlington's leading in-door attractions, like a concert at ClubMetronome or a burger at Sweetwaters. Eighty new tenure-track faculty members are being hired, and $300 million in capital improvements is underway. Applications are up 65 percent since 2000. UVM has 8,000 undergrads on a hilly campus overlooking Lake Champlain, with ski mecca Stowe not far away. The ski team is ranked No. 1 in the East.

 

 

G.       HOTTEST FOR SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING 最热门的自主学习大学

Brown University, Providence, R.I. 布朗大学,罗得岛州普维敦斯市

 

The 5,700-undergraduate school remains the only Ivy with no core requirements - very appealing to students who think they are bright enough to create their own concentrations. The Brown Curriculum, which gives this curricular freedom some structure, has been around since 1969. To graduate, students must still demonstrate competence in writing, successfully complete at least 30 courses and meet the requirements for their concentration.

 

 

H.       HOTTEST FRESHMAN YEAR 最受新生欢迎的学院

Ursinus College, Collegeville, Pa. 乌尔辛纳斯学院,宾夕法尼亚州学院村市

 

Located near Philadelphia, Ursinus has added something rare: a full-credit one-year course that all freshmen must take. It's called the Common Intellectual Experience (CIE), and it has become a sensation among the school's 1,500 undergraduates as a way of bonding in a literary journey. "I have walked in on my roommate reading the unassigned chapters of Nietzsche's 'The Genealogy of Morals' instead of her usual Wednesday-night reruns of 'Sex and the City'," says sophomore Sally Brosnan. The CIE reading list attempts to capture crucial moments in the human experience, from Genesis to the Bhagavad-Gita to Conrad's "Heart of Darkness."

 

 

I.         HOTTEST MILITARY SCHOOL 最热门军事院校

The Citadel, Charleston, S.C. 要塞军校,南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿市

 

The 1,900 cadets whose Citadel forebears fired some of the first shots of the Civil War aren't required to join the military on graduating, but more than a third do. The state college didn't look good 10 years ago, when Shannon Faulkner sued to become the first female cadet and found less than a warm welcome. But women now make up 6 percent of the corps. The cadets call the school "El Cid," and say that the bonds formed during the first summer of training in the Iberia-like Charleston heat last a lifetime.

 

 

J.         HOTTEST FOR THE STUDY OF ART 最热门艺术研究学院

Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Ga. 沙瓦那艺术与设计学院,乔治亚州沙瓦纳市

 

SCAD, as it's called, has had to recover from a troubled period in the early '90s, when a pipe-bomb explosion forced cancellation of graduation exercises, disgruntled students filed a $12 million lawsuit and faculty accused the family who founded the school of running it like a private piggy bank. Since Paula Wallace became president in 1999, the school's long war with local journalists and officials has ended, and its enrollment has soared from 4,500 to 6,700. There are more than 3,000 computer workstations with the same high-end software used in the art and design industry. The Hollywood special-effects-company recruiters have SCAD on their speed dials, and graduates are working for Digital Domain, Pixar and Disney Imagineering, as well as more-traditional employers of artists like TV networks and Procter & Gamble.

 

 

K.       HOTTEST WOMEN'S COLLEGE 最热门女校

Scripps College, Claremont, Calif. 斯克利普斯学院,加州克莱蒙特市

 

After first noting that Scripps was a women's college on the eastern edge of L.A. County, and not the Scripps Institute of Oceanography in San Diego, recent graduate Allison Ryan says she often hears a version of this question: "Isn't it full of man-hating feminists/rich little daddy's girls/lazy chicks who couldn't get into 'insert favorite college here'?" A first look at the place suggests more fun than study - with Spanish-revival architecture, rooms with fireplaces and balconies, and a pool with a view of mountains and palm trees. But Scripps, with fewer than 1,000 students, is also part of the highly selective five-school Claremont University Consortium. The college requires a beginning battery of core courses one professor calls "intellectual boot camp," and then does something few other schools do - it makes everyone write a senior thesis.

 

 

L.        HOTTEST MEN'S COLLEGE 最热门男校

Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Ind. 瓦贝希学院,印第安纳州克劳斯维尔市

 

Wabash, praised by guidance counselors, is one of just four remaining U.S. men's colleges. The school recognizes its unusual position. "Being dubbed the Hottest Men's College is a bit like being named the home-school valedictorian," says spokesman Jim Amidon. Students say it works for them. "Time and effort that might otherwise be occupied with concern for the opposite sex or one's own appearance is instead spent studying or on campus activities," says recent graduate Jonathan Schwarz. Behavior is governed by the very old-fashioned Gentleman's Rule, which, says Amidon, is to "behave as a gentleman and responsible citizen at all times." Not that the modern world does not touch the nearly 850 undergraduates. Women come to fraternity parties on weekends.

 

 

M.      HOTTEST FOR STUDENT ENGAGEMENT 学生参与度最高的大学

Elon University, Elon, N.C. 艾隆大学,北卡罗来纳州艾隆市

 

Most colleges keep secret their results on the National Survey of Student Engagement, a comprehensive assessment of best practices in higher education. But Elon puts the link to its NSSE results on the top of its Web home page, since it regularly rates in the top 10 percent. The survey shows, for example, that 71 percent of students worked with classmates outside class to prepare assignments, compared with only 49 percent in all surveyed schools. For the 4,700 undergraduates, courses meet four hours a week, rather than the usual three, with the extra time devoted to putting theory into practice. Business students invest a portion of the university endowment. Engineering students make canoes. Senior Rachel Copeland says she's built houses in the Dominican Republic and worked on an AIDS documentary in Namibia.

 

 

N.        HOTTEST HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE 最热门的传统黑人大学

Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn. 费斯克大学,田纳西州纳什维尔市

 

Tiny Fisk, with fewer than 900 students, has the highest six-year graduation rate, 77.7 percent, among historically black colleges on the Education Trust's CollegeResults.org Web site - just ahead of the larger and better-known Spelman College in Atlanta. Fisk spokesman Ken West says applications are up 300 percent in just a year, and the school is producing more African-American physicists than any other university in the country. Former U.S. Energy secretary Hazel O'Leary (a graduate) became Fisk president recently, and has supported initiatives such as the Ethical Leadership Institute, new internships with the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and a music-business major.

 

 

O.       HOTTEST FOR NO SAT/ACT REQUIRED SAT/ACT成绩最无要求的大学

Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pa. 穆伦堡学院,宾夕法尼亚州阿伦镇

 

In 1996 the admissions staff at this small liberal-arts school, having become frustrated with the eccentricities of SAT and ACT scores, proposed it do away with the test requirement. The school emphasizes its theater-arts and dance program, its success in placing students in medical and law schools and the personal attention illustrated by its decision to eliminate the SAT/ACT requirement. Applications have risen 43 percent since the policy was changed. The school is "concentrating on a person's abilities that have developed as a result of their intelligence and individual choices, rather than focusing exclusively on an individual's scores," says junior Kim Nguyen.

 

 

P.        HOTTEST FOR RESORT LIVING 最像渡假胜地的大学

Paul Smith's College, Paul Smiths, N.Y. 保罗·史密斯学院,纽约

 

There's a simple explanation for the extraordinary look and feel of this career-oriented institution high in the Adirondacks of upstate New York. It began life not as a college but as Paul Smith's Hotel, a favorite of Teddy Roosevelt's. The main campus is 14,200 acres for 850 students, with bachelor's programs in subjects ranging from biology and business to forestry and ecotourism. The school's director of intramurals calls himself "the Dean of Fun" and organizes hikes in boots, skis and snowshoes. There's also a marathon canoe team and a coed woodsmen's team that throws axes and rolls logs. The school owns and runs the nearby Hotel Saranac.

 

 

Q.       HOTTEST CHRISTIAN COLLEGE 最热门的教会学校

Wheaton College, Wheaton, Ill. 韦顿学院,伊利诺斯州韦顿市

 

This is not a Bible college, Wheaton officials say. Bible colleges mostly train ministers. Wheaton, with 2,400 students, instead is a place committed to evangelical Protestant Christian faith, as part of the education of students going on to hundreds of different vocations. "We all have one thing in common - our love and our devotion to Jesus Christ," says junior Erin Tanana. The school is known for strong academics and its honor code. Alumni range from evangelist Billy Graham, '43, to Michael Gerson, '86, a chief adviser and former speechwriter for President George W. Bush.

 

 

R.       HOTTEST FOR INTELLECTUALS 最热门的知识分子学校

Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa. 斯沃特穆尔学院,宾夕法尼亚州斯沃特穆尔市

 

It's difficult to avoid intellectual discussions with professors at Swarthmore, if for no other reason than that there are so many of them. The student-faculty ratio is 8 to 1, with three quarters of classes having fewer than 20 students. Swarthmore nurtures "the sort of all-encompassing inquisitiveness about the world that people here tend to have," says junior Samantha Graffeo. Some 600 courses are offered, a large number for a campus with only 1,500 students. The honors program allows undergraduates to do graduate-level work. Swatties, as they call themselves, can also enroll in engineering, a subject not often found on small liberal-arts campuses.

 

 

S.        HOTTEST FOR STUDENT RESEARCH 最热门的学生科研大学

Clark University, Worcester, Mass. 克拉克大学,马萨诸塞州伍斯特市

 

What impresses high-school guidance counselors and students most about Clark is how many of the 1,900 undergrads do original research. Students have done advanced research on stem cells in the new biosciences center, investigated depression in minority youth and visited Transylvania to trace the origins of the Pied Piper fairy tales. The Urban Development and Social Change concentration includes surveys of Worcester residents about quality of life. Undergraduate work is often published.

 

 

T.        HOTTEST FOR SOCIAL CONSCIENCE 最有社会良知的学校

Guilford College, Greensboro, N.C. 吉尔福德学院,北卡罗来纳州格林斯博罗市

 

Asked why Guilford is unique, spokesman Lee Owen offers the tale of Nathaniel Heatwole, an undergraduate arrested in 2003 for planting box cutters and fake explosives on a jetliner - and then turning himself in to expose the security breaches. (A court gave him two years' probation.) "He's one of the latest in a long line of Guilford students to practice his brand of civil disobedience," Owen says. That tradition goes back to antebellum days, when the Quakers who established the liberal-arts school made it a stop on the Underground Railroad. During World War II, Guilford defied popular sentiment by welcoming Japanese-American students. These days, instead of going on a road trip for a weekend football game, Guilford students are more likely to organize caravans to D.C. or New York for a major protest. Guilford is the fastest-growing four-year college in North Carolina and supports many community-service projects. "I was recruited to Guilford to play football," says senior Jerome Evans, but by sophomore year he was running a tutoring program at a homeless shelter.

 

 

U.        HOTTEST FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 最热门的国际研究及外语院校

Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vt. 米德伯理学院,佛蒙特州米德伯理市

 

The hilly campus of wide meadows, beside a central Vermont village, has developed one of the strongest national reputations in teaching foreign languages. Middlebury's summer language schools are famous, providing total-immersion programs in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish. It has Schools Abroad programs run by full-time Middlebury faculty in 10 countries. About 60 percent of the 2,350 undergraduates spend at least a semester studying abroad. Kathryn Boateng, a 2005 graduate who had a double major in French and international politics and economics, says she was drawn to the range of opportunities; they included research at the Rohatyn Center for International Affairs and language tables at lunch, where students can practice their linguistic skills with professors.

 

 

V.       HOTTEST LEGENDARY UNIVERSITY 最具传奇性的大学

University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind. 圣母大学,印第安纳州圣母市

 

As proof that Notre Dame doesn't rest on its reputation, the well-known nonprofit Education Trust in 2005 praised it for strengthening graduation rates by set-ting up special chemistry classes for low-performing students. But old values and habits are at the core of this proudly Roman Catholic university. (Only 15 percent of the 8,300 undergrads are non-Catholics.) Most students live on campus, usually in the same dorm all four years. Some residence halls have their own fight songs and mascots for intramural competitions. Ninety minutes before each Fighting Irish football clash, thousands line the route the marching band follows to the stadium.

 

 

W.     HOTTEST FOR PRE-MEDS 拥有最佳医学院预科的大学

Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans路易斯安那赛维尔大学,新奥尔良

 

Xavier is the nation's only institution of higher learning that's both historically black and Roman Catholic. Its impact on national medical care has been considerable. "It has produced a ton of doctors and pharmacists, and has great summer programs for high- school students, especially in sciences, math and computers," says Mary Ann Willis, the college counselor at Bayside Academy in Daphne, Ala. According to a 2004 study, the college of 3,500 students has produced more undergraduate degrees in biology and life sciences for African-Americans than any other school. Xavier continually ranks first in placing black students in medical schools and has educated nearly 25 percent of the approximately 6,000 African-American pharmacists in the country.

 

 

X.       HOTTEST FOR HISPANICS最受西班牙人欢迎的大学

Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles洛约拉马里芒特大学,洛杉矶

 

Los Angeles County has approximately 4.5 million Hispanics, and the largest population of Mexican descent outside Mexico. Loyola Marymount's Jesuit traditions have long attracted Latino families in the area, and as the local high schools add Advanced Placement courses and produce more college-ready students, many head for the 5,500-undergraduate campus. "LMU appeals to Hispanic students because it is very family-oriented and provides great support to students," says Matthew Fissinger, director of undergraduate admissions. About 20 percent of undergraduates are Hispanic. Nearly 96 percent of Hispanic students receive financial aid, and the Mexican American Alumni Association, working on behalf of all Hispanic students, administers special scholarships.

During Hispanic Scholars Day for prospective students and their families, information is dispensed in both English and Spanish. Courses average about 18 students per classroom. "This creates an environment of intensive mentoring and personal student-professor interaction, which is particularly important for first-generation college-bound students," says Sonia Roveri, manager of communications.

 

 

Y.       HOTTEST FOR HAPPY-TO-BE-THERE 最令人愉快的大学

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 宾夕法尼亚大学,费城

 

While other Ivy League schools deny that applying Early Decision or Early Action yields any advantage, Penn's admissions office has long acknowledged it's more likely to select students who declare the 9,700-undergraduate school to be their first choice. Dean of Undergraduate Admissions Willis (Lee) Stetson says the more students he admits who are eager to be at Penn, the happier the campus. The university, like other very selective schools, has a world-class faculty and an array of activities, but sometimes that's not enough for the brand-conscious teenagers applying to college these days. The emphasis on picking students who've picked Penn means freshmen fit in quickly, and "by and large everyone here has found a niche," says senior Rachel Fersh, chair of the Undergraduate Assembly. Says sophomore Puneet Singh: "It's difficult to go down Locust Walk without seeing smiling faces."

posted @ 2006-08-23 16:23 《出国与留学》 阅读(1955) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
  2006年6月20日

各国专家点津留学语言关

周嘉蕾

 

56日,由北京市教育委员会批准、北京市国际教育交流中心和北京市联合国教科文组织协会主办、亚太地区联合国教科文组织协会联合会和北京市教育考试指导中心协办的“北京国际教育考试论坛暨备考、升学、培训展览会” 在中国国际展览中心举办。美国教育考试服务处、英国文化委员会、剑桥大学考试委员会、法国驻华使馆文化处、泰富环球中国区、日本国际交流基金会、日本口译协会等多家国外考试中心均临现场,相关负责人就大家关系的留学考试最新制度和考试政策等做了详细的解答。

 


英国文化委员会:雅思如何达到好的考试要求

发言者:英国文化委员会马德兰先生

 

近些年来口语在中国得到了快速的发展。就剑桥对中国的英语学习者在雅思学习中的研究显示,在2004年到2005年,中国学生的听说读写这四项在全球的平均成绩很高,在接受性的能力,比如阅读和听力方面表现很好,而在口语方面稍有不足,但是也在逐步的赶上。

  
中国学生在口试当中,在人际交流的领域,通常会提到“我”和“你”;尤其是在被动态的篇章中提到“我”和“你”,就会使原本比较正规的回答更像对话,而不是报告;从另一方面说,这像是对听者的一个挑战。另外,中国的考生还要学会用问句和祈使句,比如说做这个行不行?有的时候考生也知道是不合适的,不适用于考试的对话。至于“我”和“你”这个问题,在程度比较低的学生中用的太多了,但是这并不是英语写作或者习惯中的讲法。


材料准备方面,大家可以从剑桥的网站上看到。其中有一些研究和教学的信息,有一些模板。教师可以从中采取一些活动,促进学生技能的发展,是综合性的,也可以单独运用,大家可以以此循序渐进。还有书籍的参考,综合性技能的考试。


雅思是不是要考察综合性的技能呢?最重要的是考试的时候要听清楚再回答,这就是互动,综合性的能力。在阅读方面,要看不同的篇章和段落,有的时候还要边读边写,当然这是大家选择性要做的。写作的时候要看出的要求,把作文写的能够切中要害。在考察综合性的能力方面,必须要确保它的可靠性,也要确保首要的重点。


提问你好,据我所知,以前雅思有一个规定,参加完一次考试之后,必须最少经过三个月才能进行下一次的考试,我知道从51日开始取消了这个规定,雅思会不会在出题方面有一些变化呢?

马博兰非常感谢你提的问题,从51日开始大家就不用再等三个月之后再考试了,也就是每个月都可以参加考试。三个月的差距已经被取消了,我们可以使考生或者考试机构更加具有灵活度。


提问雅思考试和托福考试的不同点和相同点在哪儿?

马博兰新的托福考试是有些不同的,旧的考试都是一样,考察四个,新托福是依赖网络的,我们不是这样的,他们更强调四个能力的整合,我想非常切合下一代人的需求,所以我想ETS做的非常好,他们运用了新的媒体。托福考试更加注重的是四项技能的整合,结合起来的考试。他们也非常重视三个技能的考察,所以我想特别是新客户,他们是很成功的。

 

英国剑桥大学考试委员会:剑桥ESOL考试的核心理念


发言者:剑桥大学考委员会ESOL考试部研究与评估部主任尼克·塞福先生

 

为了能够有一个好的考试结果,一个有效性,首先我们要描述语言测评的有效特点,并且提供证据,显示出系统是有效的,是可靠的。关于这些考试的几个特点,这是VRIP四个核心的理念,体现在这几个方面:


第一点是Validity,考试的结构要真正的能够体现出学生的水平。


第二点是Reliability,考试要准确。考试的分数如何更科学,如何能得高分,要有可靠性,要使用常规的常模。比如说口语考试很难进行非常客观的评分,所以可靠性是非常重要的,特别是在写作和考试中。


第三点是Impact,就是影响力。我们的考试被纳入到整个教育的过程中来,因为它对教育本身而言也是非常重要的。如果考试很好的话就可以举出学生哪里做得好,哪里做得不好,就可以很有针对性。如果考试不好的话,那就会带来负面的影响。同样考试也会影响社会,因为它会使人们产生对测评的某种态度,对这种考试是持有积极的还是消极的态度呢?这也是将会给社会带来一些影响。


第四点Practicality,是切实可行的。因为这些考试一定要非常可行,比如口语考试要找到可行的方法进行口语考试,也就是说使考试真正能够实行不会太难,让人容易却步等等。

 


美国教育考试服务中心:交流式英语及能力考查


发言者:美国教育考试服务中心亚太区执行董事巴斯卡尔·潘特先生

 

交流性的英语和竞争性会帮助人们非常好的利用英语,如何教授这种可以交流的英语也是非常重要的,我想完美并不是我们的目标,而交流才是我们的目标。这才是在现实生活中语言才能进行的真正的形态,真正的交流是有各种各样的任务的,比如说阅读肢体语言、听力理解等等,还有语言是各种能力的综合,如果把注意力放在语言本身上,我们要注意语言其他的元素,并不仅仅是大量的背单词和了解语法结构,所以多项选择题并不能帮助大家在现实中交流,我们要真正学习的是真正的应用英语进行交流,所以交流性的语言是和其他人互动的过程,在互动中学习。每年都有大量毕业的中国的学生到美国或是别的国家进行教育,他们的障碍也是语言问题,如果语言不好将会限制他们的学习进程,如果语言水平不好的话也会限制中国在全球化进程中的发展。所以英语的学习者必须要把自己的能力整合起来。


英语的能力并没有单独的使用,为什么我们要考察它的能力呢?我们现在非常有信心能够以一种多种技能相结合的考试,特别是强调语言能力,这将会显示出语言的交流作用。我们要学习语言、使用语言,我们语言的考试要真正的能够体现这种标准,我们必须要保证考试是可靠的、是公正公平的。ETS过去60年里做出的成绩还是非常好的,我们现在已经开始进行网考,这个模式是我们现在正在推进的,所有的技能,我们利用四项技能模拟一个真实的生活的场景,因为我们有网络,这样我们的考试才能更有保证,这是非常安全的考试系统。我们要把写作、听力等等各种方面的能力,都要进行良好的整合,同时在考试的过程中我们也要进行监测,看看效果怎么样。