【穿越研英】冲击翻译,不得不恋
(
第十期)
叮咚
~~~
你准备好了吗?又一期“冲击翻译,不得不恋”开始了!!!
七月,虽说是假期的开始,但对于很多人来说是繁忙工作、学习的序幕。作为考研人,这个月的中旬正是我们奔走在英语政治强化复习——这个眼前景色在飞逝的高速公路上。忙碌归忙碌,可别忘了“复习外加不断总结”,只有多多总结经验,找出规律,复习才会效率高而不疲惫。可惜的是,来来往往
12
由于个人原因将暂时不能帮助我们进行每期的总结,“阿来解(姐)毒圣经”会暂停送出,相信等她办完事,很快就能恢复“秘籍”的传授。
从今天起,
popo
将和各位筒子一起看看,在翻译面前挡着我们走路的“拦路虎”到底有多少,对于它们,我们应该怎样提高警惕,找出清除障碍的方法。
【考研英译汉难点总结之一】
(
资料来自《
考研英语英译汉四步定位翻译法
》
)
英译汉中的代词(
1
)
这是我们在翻译时常常碰到的,比较重要。一般来说,内容比较简单的文章会使用更多的代词,比较复杂的文章则使用得少。从作用上讲,代词在句中可做主语、宾语、表语和定语。下面,我们分别讨论这些代词的具体情况:
1
人称代词:
通常,人称代词出现在句首时一定要在文章里寻找具体的指代对象,并且把代词翻译成名词,如果人称代词出现在句子中间或者末尾,而指代对象在划线部分,一般可译成代词,但如果划线部分有多个名词,而且指代并不十分明确时,则代词还是要译成代词。
例一:
But even more important , it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past ,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
(
1998
年英译汉真题)
分析:人称代词
they
显然是指句中提到的
scientists,
因此可以毫不犹豫地译成他们。
例二:
Science moves forward, they say,not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more mrdinary things like improved techniques and tools.
(
1994
年英译汉真题,请参照真题上下文来看此题)
分析:这题我们以前做过的,如果
they
仅仅翻译成“他们”显然是不清楚的,这就有必要回到文章中了解指代的对象,然后把
they
明确翻译成名词。
2
物称代词:指物的代词。它放句首时一般有两种情况:一是可以或者要求找到一个名词代替它,这时译成名词或重复部分前面说过的内容;二是找不到合适的名词代替它或要说清楚这个代词是什么很费劲,这种情况下可译成代词“这、那”,但千万不能译成“它”。如果物称代词放在句中或末尾,则根据具体情况来翻译,以表达清楚为标准。
例一:
This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediately goals but of possible consequence in the future.(1996
年英译汉真题,请参照真题上下文来看此题
)
分析:
This
如果直译成“这(个)”,将直接导致后面的动词
done
无法翻译,在这种情况下,
this
肯定要明确翻译成名词。
例二:
To see an animal in pain is enough,for most ,to engage sympathy.
When that happens,it not a mistake,it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action,an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
(1997
年英译汉真题
)
分析:此题显然也有三个物称代词:一个
that
,两个
it.
根据前面的经验,
that
肯定不能译成代词,否则就会出现这样的别扭译文:当那(或它)发生的时候。要想使译文清楚,我们就必须在
that
上下功夫。
That
根据前面句子的意思,它指的不是某个具体名词,而是“产生同情心”(
engage sympathy
)这件事。(后面两个
it
显然都是指
when
引导的状语从句,由于这个从句有明确的翻译,因此都可以翻译成代词“这”。
好了,今天就到这里,去实战一下吧!
~~~
【
高高兴兴做作业,轻轻松松收沪元】
1
请下面的句子翻译成中文。
They were,by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth. But even more important , it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past ,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
(
1998
年英译汉真题)
2
请将下面的句子翻译成中文。
To see an animal in pain is enough,for most ,to engage sympathy.
When that happens,it not a mistake,it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action,an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
(1997
年英译汉真题
)
3
请把下面的句子翻译成中文:
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links.“By linking directly to our nervous system
,
computers could pick up what we feel and
,
hopefully
,
simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments
,
rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck
,
”he says.But that
,
Pearson points out
,
is only the start of man-machine integration:“It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.”
【不得不恋规则】
1
从以上句子中选取两个进行练习,答案
请选所有回复人可见
,参与者均奖励80HY,20HY经验魅力。只完成一句或不按要求做者,恕不奖励。三句全完成者奖励120HY,40HY经验魅力
2
说说你的翻译技巧,或对本节目的建议意见,积极参与者均奖励
20HY
~~
休闲一句:
Time is a bird for ever on the wing. ( T. W. Robertson )
时间是一只永远在飞翔的鸟。(罗伯逊)
~~
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