【穿越研英】冲击翻译，不得不恋
(
第十三期，正在进行中
~
）
纵观历年考研英译汉真题，最让我们头疼的是名词有以下几种类型：不认识的名词、产生新义的名词、抽象名词和专有名词。从今天开始，
popo
将和大家一起跋涉英译汉中的名词之路。
【
考研英译汉难点总结之一
】
(
㊣
资料来自《
考研英语英译汉四步定位翻译法
》
)
英译汉中的名词（
1
）——★不认识的名词
&
解决对策★
A
从文章中寻找解释
。
例：
According to BT s futurologist
，
Ian Pearson
，
these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium
（
a period of 1000years
），
when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.
Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique
millennium
technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds or key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.
（
2001
年真题）
分析：
millennium
这个词显然是个朝纲词，见到时第一反应是看文章中是否有解释，我们发现
millennium
之前有
a period of 1,000 years
,
这样就不存在生词问题了。
B
看前面是否有同义词
。
例：
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in
computer-human links
.
“
By linking directly to our nervous system
，
computers could pick up what we feel and
，
hopefully
，
simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments
，
rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck
，”
he says
.
But that
，
Pearson points out
，
is only the start of
man-machine integration
:
“
It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.
”
（
2001
年真题）
分析：大纲中只有
integrate
，没见过它的名词形式，有点怕人
~
但是注意在
integration
之前
有
link
这个词，题中是
man-machine integration
，
前面有
computer-human links
，
就表明两者实际是一回事，指的是“人机一体化”。
C
从构词法找答案。
例：
Astrophysicists
working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures
，
and may report their findings soon.
（
1998
年真题）
分析：
astrophysicists
看上去挺吓人，大纲中没有它。但仔细看，它是由
astro+physicist
构成，大纲中有
astronaut
(
宇航员
)
，
astronomy
(
天文学
)
，
physicist
（物理学家），
astrophysicists
不是就可以猜测为“天文（或天体）物理学家”吗？
【
高高兴兴做作业，轻轻松松收沪元】
1
请下面的句子翻译成中文。
What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected:the US National Aeronautics and Space Administrations Cosmic Background Explorer satellite
—
Cobe
—
had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang
（
the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy
）
.
The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for
the Big Bang
，
first put forward in the 1920s
，
to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
（
1998
年真题）
2
请下面的句子翻译成中文。
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in
computer-human links
.
“
By linking directly to our nervous system
，
computers could pick up what we feel and
，
hopefully
，
simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments
，
rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck
，”
he says
.
But that
，
Pearson points out
，
is only the start of
man-machine integration
:
“
It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.
”
（
2001
年真题）
3
请下面的句子翻译成中文。
Astrophysicists
working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures
，
and may report their findings soon.
（
1998
年真题）