【穿越研英】冲击翻译，不得不恋 ( 第二十期，正在进行中 )

后知后觉啊 , 这个节目居然行进到了第二十期 , 这段时间也不知道忙什么，耽误了节目出来的时间，还请各位 XDJMXDJM 海量包涵！ ^^

popo进入了【第一届英文朗诵大赛】决赛朗诵,请大家帮忙投张票,谢谢!
http://www.hjbbs.com/thread-20-443026.htm

好，现代社会追求速度，我们就废话少说，开始吧！

（★在进入学习之前，我想复习一下上一期，点这里）

【 考研英译汉难点总结之二 】 ( ㊣ 资料来自《 考研英语英译汉四步定位翻译法 》 )

英译汉中的从句（ 3 ）——★同位语从句★

同位语从句也属于名词性从句，一般由连词 that 引导， that 在从句中不充当任何成分。在翻译的时候，简单的同位语从句往往译成定语，放在名词前面；复杂的同位语从句往往独立成句， that 的翻译可以重复先行词，也可以使用冒号或者使用“也就是说”，“那就是”，“即”之类的表达法，因此从翻译的角度来说，同位语从句预定于从句有些接近。

 

例一： This trend began during the second World War,when several governments came to the conclusionthat the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.(1996 年英译汉真题 )

分析 ： that 引导得从句是名词 conclusion 的同位语，由于这个从句较长，应考虑单独翻译， that 可翻译为“这个结论是”（重复先行词），也可以直接在前面的先行词后面是用冒号，也可以译成“即”或“那就是”。

注意 ：在同位语从句中， that 只是一个连刺，不充当从句的任何成分；而在定于从句中， that 必须充当巨资的一个成分（主语、宾语等等），请对比：

1 The fact that the prisoner was guilty was plain to everybody. （ that 不充当句的任何成分，所以引导同位语从句。）

2 The news that appeaed in the paper this morning was well received . （ that 充当从句的主语，所以引导定语从句。）

 

例二 ： Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect,extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. (1997 年英译汉真题 )

分析： 句中 that 引导的从句是名词 view 的同位语，由于非谓语动词 arguing 的用法比较特别， that 的翻译要随着它的变化而变化。如果 arguing 译成直接带从句做宾语， that 便不用翻译；如果 arguing 译成先用一个名词 ( 即 view ) 做宾语， that 从句独立成句对 view 加以说明，则 that 可译成“这个观点是”（重复先行词）或者“即”。

 

综上所述，尽管英语中的从句种类多，使用频繁，是句子显得错综复杂，但真正构成威胁，翻译时需要技巧的只有定语从句和同位语从句，而这两种从句难就难在合并与拆分，知道什么时候该合并，什么时候该拆分，如何合并，如何拆分，从句的问题也就解决了。

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接下来，我们将进入英译汉中变化的学习，休息片刻，保护眼睛，然后继续吧 ~~

 

英译汉中的变化（ 1 ）——★结构上的变化★

除非表示强调，英语一般不会重复使用一个词，说它是规定也好，说它是习惯也好，反正这是客观存在的事实。变化使英语表达丰富多彩，给翻译带来的却是麻烦和困难。英译汉句子中的变化可体现在两个方面：结构上的变化和用词的变化。

 

例一 ： This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequences in the future. (1996 年英译汉真题 )

分析 ： not …… but …… 是固定表达法，从字面上就可以看出两个词后面的内容既是并列关系又是意思相反。从结构上来讲， not 和 but 后面用词应该保持一致，前面过去分词短语，后面也应该用过去分词短语，可实际上后面却用的是“ of+n ”结构。表面上看这是不符和英文习惯的,但是我们知道 ,英语里of+名词=形容词,而过去分词也相当于形容词,所以这两个短语还是一致的.如果把of possibleconsequence in the future换成possibly related to future goals意思上是完全可能的,作者是为了避免重复才改变了表达方式.

例二： In general, the rests work most effectively when the qualities to be measuredcan be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined. (1995 年英译汉真题 )

分析 ：句中 the qualities to be measured 与 what is to be measured 实际上意思相同，不同的只是表达方式：前者是名词加不定式短语做后置修饰语，后者却是关系代词 what 引导的从句。

 

恩，不长不短，正好完毕！ ~ 想不想试试真功夫，去锻“恋”一下吧！ ^0^

 

【 高高兴兴做作业，轻轻松松收沪元】

以下是 2004 年的考研英语阅读文章， popo 想如果用真题文章来“恋”翻译，难度系数或者上下文背景都能满足，而且绝对有实战的感觉吧 ~ 别等了 , 快开做啦

　 Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site's "personal search agent". （ 1 ） It's an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. "I struck gold," says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.

　　 With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: "Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility." says one expert.

　　 For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept — what you think you want to do — then broaden it. "None of these programs do that," says another expert. "There's no career counseling implicit in all of this." （ 2 ） Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. "I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me," says the author of a job-searching guide.

　　 Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. （ 3 ） When CareerSite's agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs — those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them — and they do. "On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic," says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.

　　 Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. "You always keep your eyes open," he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.