【穿越研英】冲击翻译，不得不恋 ( 第二十二期 )

首先，向所有的老师致敬：祝你们节日快乐，工作顺利，身体健康！
这人啊，上沪江上了瘾一时半会不能上来就是了不得！只不过是短短两星期没上来， popo 都把你们想念坏了，整天叨念着能“上网，上网”。可惜事与愿违，网线迟迟无着落，到现在只好到网吧上HJ。可是相信偶，偶可没有偷懒，断网脱机也在坚持做节目哦 ~ 哈哈

好了，不说 nonsense ，回归 HJ ，回归“冲击翻译，不得不恋”！

（★在进入学习之前，我想复习一下上一期，点这里）

【 考研英译汉难点总结之二 】 ( ㊣资料来自《考研英语英译汉四步定位翻译法》 )

英译汉中省略 （ 1 ）——★动词的省略★

无论是英语还是汉语都有省略，但在翻译过程中我们发现英语省略了的汉语要补充，汉语可省略的英语不一定能省略。这就要求我们了解英语的省略用法，然后根据具体情况决定翻译时候是省略还是补充。英译汉句中主要有动词的省略、名词的省略、修饰语的省略和相同结构里的省略。

例一： How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends on the amount, reliability and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.(1995 年英译汉真题 )

分析： depends on … and on … 是典型的动词省略，由于汉语里“取决于……同时还取决于……”不能有省略，所以翻译时要补充。

例二： New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past ,giving rise to new standards of elegance. (1996 年英译汉真题 )

分析： as they have 后面显然省略了动词 arisen , 英语这样省略是因为前面已经用过了 arise ，再用就是多余；汉语如果也想省略 , 那就要把整个从句提到句首，译为“像过去一样” (they have 也被省略掉了），否则就要补充称“就像它们在过去已经出现过一样”。

例四： Under modern conditions ,this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. (2000 年英译汉真题 )

分析： and hence the help 可补充成 and hence requires the help , 这在英语里是多余的，在汉语里却必须的，因为不补充汉语句子明显不通。

休息片刻，马不停蹄，继续向前！ ~~ ^_^

英译汉中省略 （ 2 ）——★名词的省略★

例一： But even more important ,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past , for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. (1998 年英译汉真题 )

分析：英语中形容词最高级后面经常省略名词， the farthest 实际上等于 the farthest strip of enormous cosmic clouds, 汉语中没有这种表达法，所以要对名词进行补充。

例二： Odd though it sounds , cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics , and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. (1998 年英译汉真题 )

分析： cosmic inflation 实际上等于 cosmic inflation theory , 省略名词 theory 是因为前面一题翻译已经用过了这个词，为了在表达上有些变化，作者使用了省略。由于汉语不怕重复，译文里要补充 theory 这个词。

例三： It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques. (1998 年英译汉真题 )

分析： 由于整篇文章讨论历史学研究，句中的 activity 和 technique 前面都省略了名词 research , 译成汉语如果不补充就会造成表达不清楚。

黑发不知勤学早 , 白首方悔读书迟。想要将来不后悔，现在就开始奔跑，开始“训恋 ” 吧！ ~~

【 高高兴兴做作业，轻轻松松收沪元】

以下是 2005 年的考研英语阅读文章， popo 想如果用真题文章来“恋”翻译，难度系数或者上下文背景都能满足，而且绝对有实战的感觉吧 ~ 别等了 , 快开做啦

Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.

There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. （ 1 ） The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report “ Science never has all the answers . （2） But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that ou r nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”

（3） Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.

Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research-a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.