【穿越研英】冲击翻译，不得不恋 ( 第二十七期 )

一叶而知天下秋。漫步在落叶翻飞的街道，千头万绪涌上心头，头上枯黄生命的消逝，让人不禁想着时间的飞快和人生的苦短，有一天我们也落地归根，化为一抔黄土，散向空中。秋天，一个将要进入沉睡的季节，但也是个迎来丰收的时段。

如果说这个春天，我们定下目标，播下希望，经过绚烂夏日和金黄秋天的酝酿，那么在明年一月，那个 2007 年冬季的尾巴，我们一定能收获出冰凉冬日给我们的最厚重的礼物。

 

为了拿到那份礼物，我们用尽全力，开始攀爬，开始奔跑，开始微笑着与周围的寒冷，作战，作战！ ~

Don’t hang on!

Nothing lasts forever but the Earth and Sky.

It slips away,

And all your money won’t another moment buy.

 

P.S: 由于 popo 十一欲出行，本节目暂时由勤劳的斑竹乖乖女小熊接替，给各位 XDJM 带来的不便，还请见谅！谢谢，祝我们都能过个有意义的假期！

 

（★在进入学习之前，我想复习一下上一期，点这里）

 

【 考研英译汉难点总结之三 】 ( ㊣ 资料来自《 考研英语英译汉四步定位翻译法 》 )

英译汉中的倒装 （ 3 ）

除了主谓倒装之外，英语中还有其他类型的倒装，例如：

①     宾语位于句首

This problem we have examined in chapter 3.

这个问题我们已经在第三章讨论过了。

 

Not a single word did Bush speak .( 宾语提前，否定词 not 引起主谓倒装 )

布什一个字也没有说。

 

②     表语位于句首 （让步状语从句省略从句引导词 although, though/as 引导让步状语从句）

Rich he is (=Although he is rich),he is not happy.

尽管他很有钱，他觉得不幸福。

Poor as he was (=Poor though he was ),he was honest.

虽然他很穷，但是他很诚实。

 

③     宾语从句位于句首

Whether you have met George Lamb or not I can’t  remember.

你是否见过乔治·兰姆我记不清了。

What one man can imagine , another man can do.

一个人能够想象的事，另一个人就能把它做出来。

 

④     宾语补足语位于宾语之前

They pronounced guilty every one of the accused.

他们宣布每个被指控的人有罪。

 

下面我们看一看历年真题中的倒装实例：

A For example , they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus  do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.(1995 年第 75 题 )

分析 ：句中 had he grown up =if he had grown up , 属于省略连词 if 引起的倒装。

 

B Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics , and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. (1998 年第 75 题 )

分析 ： 0dd though it sound =Although it sounds add . although 和 though 引导从句表示让步时，其语意是相同的，但是 although 不能像 though 那样引起语序倒装，使表语放在主语和谓语之前。此外， though 在这个倒装句中的使用还有两种可能：一是换成连词 as ，二是被省略掉。

 

C Thus, the anthropological concept of “ culture”,like the concept of “set “ in mathematics , is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding .(2003 第 65 题 )

分析： Which 引导的定语从句是“主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾语补足语 ”结构，由于宾语较长，宾语补足只有一个形容词 possible ，为了使句子结构保持平衡，同时也为了突出句中重点，宾语和宾语补足语的位置进行了倒装。

 

从上面的例子我们可以看出，英译汉中的倒装考察的不是简单的倒装，倒装句往往给考生造成很大的理解障碍，这充分说明做翻译时不能满足简单的逐字翻译，而是要分析结构、抓住重点、找到对策。倒装本身并不可怕，可怕的是我们不求甚解，胡编乱造。

 

 

【 高高兴兴做作业，轻轻松松收沪元】

以下是 2004 年的考研英语阅读文章， popo 想如果用真题文章来“恋”翻译，难度系数或者上下文背景都能满足，而且绝对有实战的感觉吧 ~ 别等了 , 快开做啦！

　 Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education — not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.

　　 "Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual," says education writer Diane Ravitch. "Schools could be a counterbalance." (1)Razitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.

　　 But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, "We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society."

　　 " (2)Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege," writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.

　　 Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: "We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing." Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized — going to school and learning to read — so he can preserve his innate goodness.

　　 Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.

　　 School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. (3)Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who "joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise."