【穿越研英】☆冲击翻译，不得不恋☆(第四十八期)

 今天不是个好天气，一大早刮风下雨的，冷入骨髓。屋里并不比户外暖和多少，开始
奔波的一天就在阴雨连绵中展开。下午五点多，走在回家的路上，周围一片放晴的迹象，
太阳终于开眼了！
 晚上打开电脑做节目，所主持的两个节目都逢上了有八的期数，就像黄昏的阳光一样让
人万分高兴。希望各位筒子也能每天有份好心情！ 

改版前不得不说的废话：

针对08年研英翻译复习的本节目暂时告一段落了，但是并不代表此后的节目与之前的脱了钩。
改版后的“不得不恋”是对08年的补充和开拓，各位朋友可以翻看去年的节目对比着练习，
不一定要多多益善而是择优选用。

~~~定语从句 ~~~~

英语和汉语中的定语有很大的不同。汉语中定语只能前置,而英语中定语既可前置也可后置。两者的
不同,不仅表现在结构上,也表现在意义上。英语中的定语从句有时从原因、结果、目的或条件等方面
对中心词加以限定。因此,在对语法结构、上下文逻辑关系深刻理解的前提下,为了更明确地表明这种
逻辑关系,可以将定语从句翻译成相应的状语从句。同时值得注意的是,定语从句与中心词之间常有分
割成分,而该分割成分中与定语从句紧挨着的名词,常常会被误认为定语从句的中心词。因此,遇到这种
结构,一定要根据上下文和常识进行判断。翻译定语从句时可采用提前译、顺序译、分译或转译等多种方法。

点击温习上一期

  请看例句：

3. In the "soap war" between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use
 is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from
 the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part
of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs
 as production plus advertising costs.

分析要点：此句结构比较复杂,但主句很简单,主语为use,谓语为is made。主句正常语序为tremendous
 use of statistics is made to..., to measure...作目的状语,resulting from...为现在分词短语作
difference的后置定语。which引导一个非限制性定语

从句,修饰allocation to advertising。so that引导一个结果状语从句。plus为介词,意为"加上"。soap
 war为"肥皂广告大战"。

译文在Proctor and Gamble和 Unilever两家企业之间的"肥皂大战"中,双方就大量使用了统计学知识来
测量由相应的广告投入所引起的市场上的动态差异,这一项在售前的生产成本中占较大部分,所以他们把生产成
本看作是生产费用与广告费用之和。

4. Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than
conventional cards with a magnetic stripe, are already widely used in European countries
where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.

分析要点：本句为简单复合句。句架为Smart cards, which ..., are already widely used in European
countries where...。which为关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,修饰smart cards；where为关系副词,
引导定语从句,修饰countries。nationwide:全国范围内的。roll out:本意为"展开(卷起之物)",此处为引申义,
指展开工作。

译文智能卡载有的信息量是普通磁卡信息载量的80多倍,已经在欧洲各国广泛使用,因而使欧洲各国中央银行
得以在全国范围展开新型的服务。

【高高兴兴做作业，轻轻松松收沪元】

1 President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions, who criticized, on whose
judgment he could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view, regardless of
their rank or viewpoint.

2 Thus it happened that when the new factories that were springing up required
labor，tens of thousands of homeless and hungry agricultural workers，with their
wives and children，were forced into the cities in search of work，and any work，
under any condition，that would keep them alive.