国家免检产品
National inspection-free product

中国名优产品
Chinese famous product

广东省技术监督局产品跟踪企业
Guangdong province technical supervision bureau product track enterprise

中国照明灯饰行业质量与品牌百强企业
quality and brand hundred strong enterprises of chinese illumination decorative lighting profession

take their cue from  :to use someone else's actions or behaviour to show you what you should do or how you should behave 效仿
（to be strongly influenced by someone or something else）The national assembly takes its cue from the president and seldom challenges her policies. 国会迫于总统的虎威，不敢挑战总统的政策。
crushing defeat

caretaker  administration/government
peddle :1. to try to sell goods by going from house to house ;2.spread an idea or story in order to get people to accepted it
disconcerting habit :  making you feel slightly confused, embarrassed, or worried
a disconcerting question

miscarriage   blunder

be cursed with something
to have a particular serious problem that continues or is repeated for a long time:
The region has been cursed with a series of floods.

attend: To accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result:
（作为结果）伴随：作为情况伴随或作为结果跟随：
The speech was attended by wild applause.
演说伴随着热烈的掌声
shore up：1、to support a wall or a roof with sth；2、to help or support what is likely to fail
shore up the wall/ economy/ confidence
paramedic 护理人员
be riddled with sth   美国金融体制  be riddled with bad debts 
to be full of sth, especially sth bad or unpleasant: His body was riddled with cancer. ◆ Her typing was slow and riddled with mistakes. ◆ The woods are riddled with rabbit holes.
hard-pressed   : experiencing great difficulty and distress

blaze a trail [path, way]  开辟道路  走出一条......道路

illicit  违法的
draconian:exceedingly harsh; very severe 及其严酷的的   draconian legal code  严酷的法典

haggle  ：1、to bargain;争价，讨价还价；2、to argue in an attempt to come to terms 争论不休

angst==anxiety ==apprehension

on the fence 持观望态度，骑墙的

at best 最多
oversight: error; supervision

not so much sth as sth
If you say that something is not so much one thing as something else, you mean it is more the second thing:
They're not so much lovers as friends.
I don't feel angry so much as sad.

backlash
stifle
tottering 蹒跚的，摇摇欲坠的lacking firmness and stability；move unsteadily
heaping  堆积很高的
allegiance  忠诚
taste bud  味蕾
restore American fame\standing(名望）\reputation
moderator :One who presides over a meeting, forum, or debate.主持人
meltdown  （美俚语）灾难，彻底垮台
magnitude=significance=importance ---------------meaning------influence
earmark  ： （指定用途的资金；特征）Correct speech is an earmark of the educated man.
subsequent==succeeding==following
square up :1.to pay for sth 付清；2. ready to fight 准备战斗  square up to
cooking oil==edible oil食用油
despicable deserving of contempt or scorn 可鄙的
tax holiday 免税期

reeling-----------reel----------

pervasive odor of garlic ; Internet is so pervasive
treacherous==1、despicable  背叛的，不可靠的；2、marked by unforeseen hazards变化莫测的  ~weather ；~ waters
charm away 治愈
grunion  银汉鱼
concur ：to agree with someone or something；2、 if events concur, they happen at the same time  同意；同时发生

concur with each other in this view
The US House of Representatives has voted in favour of a $700 billion financial rescue package, thereby concurring with the Senate’s yes vote on Wednesday
confer (on) 授予；赋予  confer a medal on the hero；confer an aura of credibility onto the administration's actions
to the day
恰好,一天也不差
underpin 加强......的基础；underpinning 基础
in length 长度； at length 最后，详细的
curtail financial damage
dungeon  :A dark, often underground chamber or cell used to confine prisoners.
地牢：用来关押犯人的黑暗的，一般为地下的房间或小室

trafalgar:  A cape on the southwest coast of Spain northwest of the Strait of Gibraltar. The British navy under Adm. Horatio Nelson defeated the French and Spanish fleets off Cape Trafalgar in 1805.
特拉法尔加角：位于西班牙西南海岸的海角，在直布罗陀海峡西北。1805年由霍雷肖·纳尔逊海军上将率领的英国海军在特拉法尔加角击败了法国和西班牙
联合舰队
trafalgar square

all hands on deck
something that you say when everyone's help is needed, especially to do a lot of work in a short 
We've got to get all this cleared up before they arrive so it's all hands on deck
concours  a show or a contest in which the entries are judged chiefly on excellence of appearance and turnout 比赛，竞赛
turnout ：1、 the number of people who attend an event；参与者2、the number of voters in an election 3、output 产量
pony ：小型马；付清vt pony up； adj：小型的 每日摘要的（新闻）
beverage 饮料 （usually excluding water）
manageable 易于管理的，好解决得； manageable level/ problem
collectible  :One of a group or class of objects, such as period glass or domestic utensils, prized by fanciers.  收藏品 sports-collectible 体育收藏品
erratic ===unpredicable： changing often not following a pattern飘忽不定的  He is a good player but erratic.

repatriate 1、to send someone back to the country that is legally their own遣返回国；2、(business) to send money or profits back to your own country: 调回利润至本国
twists and turns 迂回曲折
helm 舵  at the helm ：in the leadership position
NIkkei average 东京证券交易所 指数
widen his lead to sb
fleeting 短暂的  fleeting association with sb  ====ephemeral 朝生暮死的 lasting for a markedly brief time
mechanism for spontaneous broken symmetry  对称性自发破缺机制（2008 物理诺贝尔奖原因）
be overyoyed at the news 非常高兴
airfield 飞机场
feature a town hall format   ---feature 的用法：to include or show something as a special or important part of something, or to be included as an important part    eg：a cruise ship featuring extensive spa facilities
feature prominently / heavily /strongly
PBS public broadcasting service 美国公告广播公司
snow  :Slang To overwhelm with insincere talk, especially with flattery.
【俚语】 蒙骗：用不诚实的花言巧语，特别是讨好的言语迷倒     We are snowed.
showcase 展示  “The South Koreans . . . hope the Olympics will . . . showcase their country's breathtaking economic progress”
go under 垮掉，死，屈服
压迫、歧视、屈辱、摧残 oppression、discrimination、degradation、abasement
stem 开始于 stem from ； 抵抗 stem the rebellion/financial crisis
from stem to stern 从头到尾
The differences between Obama and McCain are far less than meets the eye    : meet the eye 呈现在眼前
adamant ==determined
equanimity ==composure 安定，镇静；maintain /keep his composure ； with great composure 泰然自若
monsoon 季风，季风雨，大雨  monsoon rains ； monsoon season ；
drencher rain 倾盆大雨 ==torrential downpour  ==rainstorm ==cloudburst
as of 在...时，到什么时候为止
indiscriminate ==wholesale 大规模的  widespread    indiscriminate violence\ use of antibiotics
militancy 战斗性，战斗状态
tip of the iceberg 端倪 ，事情的表面afraid that these few reported cases of the disease might only be the tip of the iceberg.
lose ground  失利，衰退
fast and furious 飞快的--------------------furious 狂怒的，暴躁的；done with a lot of energy and determination
at a furious pace
3% edge  百分之三的领先优势
on top of all the bad news
slow motion 慢镜头，慢速  slow motion replay
on the radar (screen) used for saying that someone notices or does not notice an issue or problem:  显现
Public transportation has not been on the radar screen of either presidential candidate this fall.
rain is not on the radar screen  近期不会有雨。
start off  ：She started off the meeting with the monthly sales report.
in unison ： if people do or say sth in unison, they all do it at the same time；同时的；协调的
 if people or organizations are working in unison, they are working together, because they agree with each other
strike down the state‘s ban on gay marriage
kinetic  运动的 kinetic energy 动能； energizing
coloration  色调，染色，着色   early fall coloration
discomfit  to make sb confused or embarrassed  使难堪   discomfiture  难堪
compost   ：A mixture of decaying organic matter, as from leaves and manure, used to improve soil structure and provide nutrients. 复合肥料
manure 肥料  fertilizer
appease  to bring peace，quiet，or calm to；soothe  平息  抚慰
appease the critics of the regime
a policy of appeasement
ampere 安培  电流单位
browse 随意观看；浏览文章  browse through a newspaper/book/report
impressionable ：suggestable； easily to be influenced  易受影响的   at an impressionable age
spin a book （初中是经常玩的） spin  rotate  twirl
by every conceivable means 千方百计
it is hardly conceivable that 简直难以想象
scamper (especially of children or small animals) to move quickly with short light steps 奔跑  scamper through the aisle
dwindle  ：to become gradually less or smaller until less remained
dwindling number；support for the party has dwindled to nothing
sack ==dismiss 解雇
low-key 
self-deprecating
Norway Nobel committe挪威诺贝尔颁奖委员会
Jihadist 伊斯兰圣战组织成员
bumble 结结巴巴的说，踉跄； 弄糟  bumbling 无能的，笨拙的；装模作样的
concoct   to invent a false explanation or false information, especially for a dishonest purpose
编造，调制  concoct up  a story                                    ；concoction  调配物；谎言
roll out a plan
manslaughter 杀人，杀人罪
cosmonaut ：a Soviet astronaut
veer :突然改变方向；改变主意等  The Volkswagen veered off the road and crashed into a fence.
The conversation veered off in a new direction
feud  宿怨，不和（for a long time）  a feud with the neighbours； a family feud  （within a family or between families）
merchantile marine 商船队  America has the largest merchantile marine                             ------------merchantile  商业的
quintessential    being the most typical example or most important part of something:
quintessence : perfect example 典型，精华
sticking point   A point, an issue, or a situation that causes or is likely to cause an impasse.
症结：造成或可能造成僵局的要点、问题或形势 

panicky investors
contagious-------------contagion 传染；蔓延 a risk of contagion
stand out 突出，引人注意，坚持抵抗  what stands out to me == what gets my attention 
verification plan  核查计划（朝鲜核设施）
all long 一直，始终
scuttle 1、破坏（计划，安排等）==foil；2、凿沉（船只）3、疾走
renege  vi  ～ on （break a  promise or an agreement） renege on the promise
de-nuclearize the Korean peninsula  朝鲜半岛无核化
grassroots 基层  widespread support at the grassroots
plenum  全体会议  plenary meeting ：plenary 1、complete or unlimited 极权的 2、 全体出席的 plenary power/ session of the council
communique  an official statement or report, especially to newspapers  公报  issue a joint communique
rock 支柱 靠山
plutonia 二氧化鈈  plutonium 鈈  （一种放射性元素）朝鲜核试验新闻中常见
moratorium 1、 an official stopping of an activity for a period of time  暂停2、a law or an agreement that gives people more time to pay their debts  延缓偿付    moratorium  on nuclear testing、commercial whaling；a two-year moratorium on interest payments
flawless  无缺陷的
register postive increase   （描述股价上扬）
Princeton 普林斯顿 大学 krugman 教授获2008 经济诺贝尔奖
boilerplate 样板文件，陈腐的语言
cite  1、 to mention sth as an example 援引；2、to order sb to appear in a court 传唤出庭3、praise sb for  表彰  be cited for his bravery
imprisonment 关押
douse : to stop a fire from burning by pouring water over it  熄灭   extinguish==put out
douse two massive fires in California
gut  内脏； vt  取出内脏； 摧毁房屋（内部装置） a factory gutted by fire
divulge  泄露  reveal：  divulge the resources of the information
down payments  定金，首付
box-office 票房
flat-footed   (especially AmE) not prepared for what is going to happen:
They were caught flat-footed by the attack. 
 Mr Harper seemed to have been caught flat-footed by the extent of the global financial crisis.
dismiss the criticism
bolster:to improve sth or make it stronger  支撑  bolster one's confidence / the economy
slender  :1、gracefully slim 纤细，苗条；2、small in amount or extent  微弱的 微薄的  slender wages/ chance of survival
pay off: 1、还清债务；2、盈利3、报复
snowdrift  ； a mass or bank of snow pile up by the wind 被风刮在一起的雪堆
scaffold  施工台，脚手架
jab ：thrust or poke abruptly  猛刺，猛冲  jab through
tarpaulin  防水帆布，柏油帆布
加州大火：contain the fire  遏制住大火  To halt the spread or development of; check:   contain the disease
gain ground upon  1、get closer ；2、 make progress
The police car are gaining ground on the suspect.
lose\give ground to sb : to allow sb have an advantage
vermin  寄生虫； verminous 滋生害虫的；有害的
sill  窗台，门槛  She plant the rose in the pot and set it on the window sill.
All asses wag their ears.  满瓶子不响，半瓶子晃荡
unscathed==unharmed  The government has emerged from the crisis relatively unscathed.
Al-Qaeda 基地组织  insurgency  叛乱状态
elicit  ： to get information or a reaction from sb ;elicit no response; elicit great sympathy
guerrilla ==partisan 游击队员  guerrilla warfare 游击战；guerrilla tactics 游击战术
not a little 许多  ~ pleased 非常高兴
despondent 沮丧的
ZANU-PF party  津巴布韦执政党  MDC 反对党
upsurge ： a sudden large increase in sth :  a surge in crime violence
wield :1、to have and be able to use power 2、hold a weapon         行使；挥舞
 wield enormous power within the party；  wield a knife
stalk ：名词:茎、梗；动词：vi  昂首阔步的走，威胁的或恐吓的移动； vt  跟踪，寻找猎物
square off   ： to take a fighting stance 摆出攻击姿势
patriarchal 家长制的，父权的  a patriarchal social society
patriarch  家长，族长
lineage 直系后代，血统，门第
abandonment  of a right ；issue a divorce abandonment
aspirin  阿司匹林
downplay  ：to make something seem less important or less bad than it really is:  贬低，不予重视，轻描淡写
Rodong Sinmun newspaper  劳动新闻（朝鲜）
leaflet 传单
withhold South Korean aid and cash until there is more progress on issues like getting rid of the North's nuclear weapons.
withhold  refuse to give 拒绝；To keep in check; restrain 限制
thread a needle 穿针引线，完成一项艰难的任务
finger-paint 用手指作画 v
hit man 杀手
abrogate：abolish， to officially get rid of       The rule was abrogated by mutual consent
consent  :noun (to )              vi   :consent to  his daughter's marriage
loathing ：deep hatred
compile ：to collect information from a variety of places and arrange it in a book, report or list:
编纂，编辑   compile an encyclopedia、English-Chinese dictionary
buck  ==dollar
ramble  漫步，闲逛   go for a ramble；2、漫谈  talk in a confused way
He lost track of what he was saying and began to ramble.
reverent 虔诚的
ardent 热心的，热情的   ardent supporter、eyes、protest   强烈抵抗
sly  狡猾的==cunning   on the sly  悄悄地，秘密地（in  a way intended to escape notice）
wry：不悦的 showing that you think something is funny but not very pleasant, often by the expression on your face:
wry smile  苦笑；2、扭曲的3、讽刺幽默的
pet name  昵称，爱称
bigotry 固执
at the annual Al Smith memorial dinner, a political tradition in New York, the candidates were competing to see who could trigger the biggest laughs.
NGO no-governmental organization 非政府组织
literally  逐字翻译的；真正的 （强调真实性）
Literally millions，110 million people have been helped out of poverty  毫不夸张的说，他们已经帮助一亿一千万人口脱贫。
outstanding ：Still in existence; not settled or resolved: 未完成的
~ problems   ； ~ debts
in force 大规模的；有效地
cut a strong run  cut：To exhibit the appearance or give the impression of: 显出， 
cut a fine figure
brunt    :冲击the worst part of something that has a bad effect；
bear, take, etc. the brunt of sth to receive the main force of sth unpleasant:

The infantry have taken/borne the brunt of the missile attacks.
Small companies are feeling the full brunt of the recession.

parch  ：烘烤，焦干   heat parches the crops
parched  烤干的，焦干的
foregone conclusion：定论（certain to happen）
foregone  ： previous         ； forego ：precede  先......之前
toddler  初学走路的孩子
level off ： to move toward stability  平稳，达到平衡  Prices leveled off.
cholera  霍乱
Cholera is an intestinal bacteria that causes serious diarrhea and vomiting leading to dehydration. With a short incubation, it can be fatal if not treated in time. Gastroenteritis shares the same characteristics.
intestinal ：肠道的； intestine  肠；adj  内部的，国内的  intestine affaires of the nation
diarrhea  痢疾，腹泻
gastroenteritis  肠胃炎
dehydration 脱水
incubation 孵卵期；潜伏期；沉思    incubation period
dispatch ：vt & n 派遣  dispatch our team 、a messenger； 急件，快信，（新闻）电讯
a Xinhua News Agency dispatch from Beijing October 1 新华社北京10月1日电
with dispatch ：quickly and efficiently 
nuance ：细微差别  a slight difference that may be difficult to notice but is fairly
Translators should be alert to nuances
   区别：chastise  责备，criticize   chastise sb for doing
reproach、reprove  责备，表达不同意；chastise=rebuke=upbraid=reprimand（比较sharply）申斥，责骂
requiem 安魂曲 ，弥撒
urn  骨灰盒；茶壶
right-wing： 右翼的  strongly supporting the capitalist system and least in favor of social change
service : a religous ceremony --------------- attend a funeral \marriage\memorial service
put heads together  聚在一起商量，集思广益
camp David 戴维营：离华盛顿100公里的美国总统别墅戴维营a bucolic retreat outside Washington   retreat：休息寓所          bucolic ：牧羊的  乡村风情的的
forthwith==at once==immediately
chant ：1 to keep shouting or singing a word or phrase many times 呼喊 2、 to sing a piece of religious music using a very limited range of notes咏唱
chant anti-US slogans ；
Alice was mobbed by adoring crowds chanting her name。
effigy ：假人，模拟像   The president was burned in effigy。
disown 否认。。。是自己的，与sb 断绝关系； 否认。。。的正确性，合法性
He disowned his reprobate son.
I think my parents would disown me if I ever got a tattoo
Her family disowned her for marrying a foreigner.
taboo 禁忌，忌讳  a taboo subject
And we believe that insofar as the crisis began in New York, then the global solution to this crisis must be found in New York, all of us putting our heads together."
in so far as
frisky ：energetic 活泼的； 2、showing that you want to have sex
ogre  残酷的人；食人妖魔
grove ：a small group of trees  小树林
olive  橄榄 olive trees
brawl  ：争吵a noisy and violent fight involving a group of people, usually in a public place
hypothesis ：假设
dormant 冬眠的，休眠静止的；lie dormant
officeholder ： a man who holds an important office position
 al-Qaida   基地组织
temblor 地震
three gorges dam三峡大坝
rudiments ：basic or essential facts  基础知识  入门知识
joint chiefs of staff ：参谋长联席会议  the leaders of the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines who advise the President on military matters
standard-bearer   ：领导人，旗手a leader in a political group or CAMPAIGN
foreign policy credentials
cognizant   ：aware   知道的
washed-out 受侵蚀的；（of a person）pale and tired；   a washed-out terrorist-----（Bill Ayers ）
Is there something wrong with some 7-year-old   Muslim-American kid believing that he or she could be president?"
affirmative 赞成的。肯定的
Grand Prix  国际汽车大奖赛
blacktop  柏油路；以柏油铺装的   a blacktop driveway
harrowing ：extremely distressing ,agonising  极其痛苦的
The shipwreck was a harrowing experience.
frantic  ：狂乱的done quickly and with a lot of activity, but in a way that is not very well organized  ：frantic expansion ；frantic haste====frenetic
toss-up ：难定夺的事，掷钱used for saying that you do not know which of two things to choose or which of two things will happen
It is a toss-up between going to Florida and N.C.
write off  注销，勾掉
tide over  度过，克服
inhuman 不人道的  inhuman treatment
on top of 熟练掌握；另外，紧接着
on top of the world 幸福到极点，心满意足的
frenetic ：狂热的（ not well organized）
wind down 
glutton 贪吃者； a glutton for punishment: a person who is willing to do sth even though it is dif，ficult or unpleasant
buffet  1、=sideboard 餐柜；2、自助餐，便餐
insurrection ==rebellion 起义，叛乱
pull around 把... 拖来拖去，粗暴对待
lifeline  救生索；重要交通线
Heathrow  希思罗机场  （英国  伦敦附近）
breath test   呼吸测醉试验
well-established  ：having existed for a long time, and having been successful or accepted for a long time  固定下来的，确定下来的
interior Ministry 内政部
next of kin 近亲，最亲近的亲属（pl）the next of kin have been informed。
The form must be signed by next of kin.
street value :the price for which something, especially drugs, can be sold illegally
liner :班机，定期轮船    a cruise liner  
prompt ==spur=incite=encourage=motivate
roundly  ：strongly and clearly or by a large number of people
be roundly （=comprehensive）defeated、condemned
mattress：床垫，褥垫
part ownership 部分所有权
spout  喷出，滔滔不绝的讲
yacht 游艇
faux pas 失态，失礼
my undivided attention
choppy 波涛汹涌的  choppy seas \ conditions(股市)
erase： the massive gains were mostly erased the following  two days
malnutrition  noun  
malnourished==undernourished
tap 选举，指定，任命
Colorado is seen as another so-called "battleground" or "swing" state because the race is close there. Both campaigns have poured resources into Colorado in hopes of winning the state's nine electoral votes. A candidate is required to garner 270 electoral votes to win the presidency, out of a total of 538 representing all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
horse trading：difficult and sometimes dishonest discussions between people who are trying to reach an agreement
dovish 鸽派，温和派 ；hawkish 鹰派  强硬派
water down  ：to make a statement, report etc less forceful by changing it or removing parts that may offend people
water down the plan  减轻
wrestle ：摔跤，格斗  wrestle with sth ：to have difficulty dealing with a problem
on target ：If you are on target with a piece of work, you are advancing well and likely to achieve what you planned. 
the European Union is on target to meet its own climate commitments   稳步前进（可译成）
eulogy  颂歌
scavenger 清扫工，捡破烂者
suspend 剥夺...权利；中止，暂缓；  suspend Mauritania 冻结毛里塔尼亚的成员资格         suspend diplomatic relations
paramilitary  准军事性的，辅助军队作用的
laud 赞颂
avian flu  : 禽流感    avian鸟类的
pandemic   ：大范围流行的  a disease that spreads over a whole country or the whole world: the Aids pandemic in Asia
pandemic adjective         a pandemic disease
entrench ：establish firmly and difficult to change 使根深蒂固
resurface 重新露面
Afghanistan's judicial system is modeled on Islamic Sharia law under which the penalty for blasphemy is death.
blasphemy  亵渎神灵
Sharia ：伊斯兰教教法the system of religious laws that Muslims follow
overcome Republican procedural hurdles, or filibusters. 妨碍议事，阻挠
A so-called filibuster-proof majority would allow Democrats to pass nearly any measure without seeking compromise with Republicans
vacate ：腾出，离开；离职  vacant
austerity：1、an economic policy by which a government reduces the amount of money it spends by a large amount:紧缩2、朴素，苛刻
austerity measures and economic reforms 紧缩政策和经济改革   wartime austerity 战时节俭
the austerity of the monk‘s life
firing squad 行刑队，执行死刑射击队
recapitalize   to change the capital structure of 调整资本结构
tested  经过考验的
rhetorical questions 诘问，反问
abide by==conform to ==comply with
abode ：住所the place where sb lives                     forbid sb from having the right of abode on the island
all-time 空前的   Profits are at all-time high。
unabashed  1、不害臊的，泰然自若的=poised==calm，not  disconcerted  2、不加掩饰的  clear
poised for 或者 poised to do sth ： be completely ready to do sth 准备好做某事
reference : vt  提及
wardrobe  1、衣柜 2、 （全套）衣服，行头==outfit
haggard==gaunt 憔悴的，消瘦的   He looked pale and gaunt.
congenial  : 兴趣相投的； 相宜的    congenial surroundings 、environment；  congenial to me  ； congenial colleagues
mull over ：spend time thinking 深思
ice hockey 冰球
high-strung  :easily excited 易兴奋的，高度紧张的   moody ：having moods that change quickly and often  ==erratic  易变的；bad-tempered
vie ：竞争
stringent ：1、strict and must be obeyed 严厉的  2、（of financial conditions ）difficult and strictly controlled because there is not enough money
银根紧缩的
downturn  低迷时期 ，衰退
obtain ： 获悉（消息）Details can be obtained from the Department of Education.
derogative ：诽谤的；毁坏的==disparaging==derogatory
derogate  有损  from     
有损名誉： derogate from  your reputation
Arabian birds  凤凰  phoenix
derivative 衍生的  a derivative word \process
knife ： 动词刀割
unduly ：excessively  and immoderately  过度的，不适当的
track record  记录
entitlement ：命名；应得权益something that you have an official right to; the amount that you have the right to receive:
subcompact ：微型汽车
compact：坚实的，紧凑的；使坚实；小型车；合约
hatchback： 有仓门式后背的汽车
branch out ：横生枝节；事业）规模扩大；
branch off 河流分叉
off guard 不当班；疏忽，不备
bottom line;The final result or statement; upshot（outcome）结局；2、关键The main or essential point
in the buff 裸着的==in the nude  ，nudeness
erect  建造  build sth
proselytize  ： to try to persuade sb to accept your beliefs especially about religion劝诱...改宗，使皈依
oligarchy：寡头政治
oligarch：寡头统治者
coronation 加冕礼 coronate  给某人加冕
complacent 自我满足的   complacency  自满，安心
He became complacent after years of success
freebee 免费赠品
prank==mischief 恶作剧，胡闹
jirga  族长会议
impart a sense of urgency  :impart  :disclose  ;convey  透露，告知，赋予  impart the secret    ；  impart some advice
eclampsia  惊厥  ：：怀孕时出现或之后随即出现的昏迷和痉挛，症状是水肿、高血压和尿蛋白
up  动词： 1、raise  to increase the price or amount of sth2、to suddenly move or do sth unexpected: He upped and left without telling anyone.
（经常用 up and ...）
claw ：爪子；抓，撕
claw back ：1、 to get sth back that you have lost, usually by using a lot of effort: The company is trying to claw back its share of the market. Newcastle managed to claw a goal back .
As was seen later in the US, other Asian economies also had late rallies and clawed back some of their earlier losses
2、.  (of a government) to get back money that has been paid to people, usually by taxing them: The Chancellor is expected to claw back ￡2.8 billion in the budget.
feedback loop 反馈环，循环
capitulate投降  =yield    capitulation
preemptive 先发制人的  preemptive nuclear attack
hold off ：stop or delay doing sth 制止或阻挠做某事
undaunted ==brave
backdown 名词 退却，投降
at large   逍遥法外的； 一般的，总的
conducive  有助于...的
coral reef
sediment  沉淀物
soak up吸收，摄取              
equatorial oceans  沿赤道海洋equatorial 近赤道的
waterway  ：a river, canal, etc. along which boats can travel航道，水路
prime time 黄金时段  The Democratic contender for the White House spent millions of dollars on a 30-minute infomercial across three television networks during prime time
exhort  ：try to persuade sb to do===urge 劝说，劝勉
airwaves ：电视广播   A well-known voice came over the airwaves。
informercial ：商业信息片As anyone who has bought anything from an infomercial knows, the sales-job is always better than the product. Buyer beware.
step up: 增加 ，加强  step up character attacks；
get \ steer through; tide over , ride  out （当前金融危机常见词汇：financial meltdown \turmoil\downturn\crisis\turbulence\trouble、credit crunch ）
shed: 摆脱  get rid of ； lose ， drop 下降   shed the bad reputation ； shed 5% of its values
amphibious ：两栖的；水陆两用的  amphibious tanks  amphibious landing \ drill(演习)
highten  prospect\ fears\ awareness                  highten=intensify
snow leopard 雪豹  puma 美洲狮

elusive  : difficult to find , define or catch  难描述的；躲避的，不易察觉的  a rare and elusive bird ； elusive concept
whopping lie  巨大的谎言   whopping 巨大的 ，天大的
reclaim  开垦；取回；挽救，改造；回收
avatar 天神下凡，（论坛或MSN使用的头像）
corridor 通道，走廊==passageway
bring down the prospect  ; ==kill  the prospect
steelworker  钢铁工人
wrenching economic transformation 怎么翻好呢？
scales are tipped  天平倾斜了
make headway = make progress
nerve-wracking  令人头疼的
housemates 舍友
head start 领先             give you a head start
ingenuity  精巧 设计独特
get off to a bad start  开头不顺  ------get off to a bang  开门红
caldron  锅炉   寓意：a caldron of conflicting corporate politics  对抗与合作的政治漩涡
chance are miniscule   机会极小的
windfall  成熟的果子；横财  trillion dollars windfalls from soaring oil prices
sought-after  受欢迎的，吃香的
impervious  ：(to) not affected or influenced by sth         impervious to the distraction of celebrity
battered economy 陷于困境的经济
ominous signs ： menacing or threating危险地，不吉祥的
sojourn 逗留，reside temporarily
unflagging 不屈不挠的，不懈的  tireless= weariless
uphill struggle ： uphill  高处的；艰难的uphill election 
right-hand  得力的   right-hand assistant
set-fair 一定为晴天的  set-fair for Barack Obama
cornerstone 基石
incredulity==disbelief 不信任
gale ：大风 ；突然地一阵  a gale of laughter
indisputably  = no doubt 无可置疑的
advanced prostate cancer  晚期前列腺癌
a white supremacist  白人至上主义者
president-elected 当选位就任的总统
platinum 白金，铂
tropical depression  热带低压
baboon  狒狒
in collaboration with 与.. 合作
disband  遣散，解散（公司或军队）
Sri Lanka conflict 
tamil tiger
refurbish ：重新刷新，整修
unbridled enthusiasm 无限的热情   unbridle  （动词）放开缰绳；使放纵
pyramid selling 传销  pyramid scheme
education pyramid 精英教育  management pyramid
pass up  拒绝，放弃
reliever ：接替者；救援投手（baseball）
NFL ：national football league 国家足球联盟（美国）
lose ground 下降；失利；股市下跌 
opel 欧宝  vauxhall  奥克斯豪尔
double-edged sword 双刃剑
outcry against、over  反对、抗议...  outcry for 支持，倡议
expedient  权宜之计；有利的  The disease was controlled by the simple expedient of not allowing anyone to leave the city.
politically expedient
collectively 共同的，一起的
twitch  骤然的拉扯  ； 抽搐
I twitched my fishing line;  a twitch of my eye;  The fish give my line a twitch
coinage 铸币，货币制度
weights and measures 度量衡
adjudicate 裁决，裁夺  ~ disputes between states upon state petition
in the face of
hard-fought  \bruising  \election
defer =put off =postpone 推迟  defer an issue
ransom 赎回  ransom a kidnapped diplomat； 赎金 ；敲诈
entrenched  确立，使牢固  entrench onself in 扎根于
entrenched by long tradition 有悠久传统确立的
entrenched within tradition 墨守成规  be wedded to conventions
be wedded to 专心致力于；固守 a person completely wedded to a profession 一个完全献身某项职业的人
a clutch of = a group of
OSCE ：the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe 欧洲安全暨合作组织
windpipe 气管==trachea （较正式的医学术语）
Gulf of Aden  亚当湾
Sirius Star  天狼星 （被索马里海盗劫持的supertanker  with 2 million barrels of oil）
wicker 柳条;柳条编制的  wicker basket
star-spangled opening
loophole：漏洞 A way of escaping a difficulty, especially an omission or ambiguity in the wording of a contract or law that provides a means of evading compliance
euthanize  使安乐死；euthanasia   安乐死
the math is not with him
done deal 注定的事情
crack =尝试 attempt，try      give him a crack； take a crack at photography
ablaze  燃烧的；闪耀的，发出耀眼光彩的  a maple tree ablaze in autumn；be ablaze with lights
天气预报里： breezy  微风的；blizzard  暴风雪；接连不断的；  blizzard condition
horn of Africa ： （off somali）
vetting process 审核过程  vet 诊疗； 审核
housing swapping ：swap ==barter 以物易物
donut 炸面包圈；救生圈（形象）
double-yolk 双黄鸡蛋
bottleneck 瓶颈；薄弱环节
sorely needed ==extremely needed 非常需要的
sled 雪橇
trim down 裁剪  与streamline相近
HHS （department of）health and human service美国卫生与福利部
apparel衣服，衣饰；覆盖物
stick around  留下  逗留  （美国防部长盖茨是否留任）
Guantanamo detention center 关塔那摩基地
life-supporting water  on Mars
cold feet ：Fearfulness or timidity preventing the completion of a course of action.胆怯
nose dive 暴跌  空降
Dubai 迪拜（阿拉伯联合酋长国之一）
hot news 最新消息
in the news 成为新闻；为报纸所报道
insecure ==unsafe
memo=MOU  =memorandum of understanding
backseat 后座；次要位置  take a backseat to anyone
inauguration day 美国总统就职日  January 20th
kidney dialysis 肾透析
faux pas 失态，失礼
warlike 好战的
calloused hand  生硬的；起老茧的；变得无情的
gorgeous 华丽灿烂的；令人愉快的  gorgeous weekend
financial straits  财政困难  strait 海峡；复数常作  困境，不幸之意
deplorable intrusion  应遭谴责的侵略行为  deplorable 应遭严厉谴责的；可怜的
ginger 姜
crush the local economy
barber、 hairdresser 理发师  hair salon
shudder  vibrate quiver
abstain alcohol 戒酒；禁酒
reassuring 安心的 可靠地It's reassuring (to know) that we've got the money if necessary.
 She smiled reassuringly 她的微笑让人感到踏实
mesmerize  迷住,使迷惑；使进入催民状态
euphoria 心情愉快；兴高采烈
yammer:哭诉 大声抱怨 to talk continuously for a long time in a way that is annoying to other people:
She was yammering on/away about nothing, as usual.
top diplomat = foreign policy chief =secretary of state
spell：A period of weather of a particular kind     一段时间   =interval
bright spell  一段晴朗的天气
temperature dips slightly ； celsius 摄氏
Duma 杜马  俄罗斯议会
seismic 地震的；震撼世界的 
not a shred of evidence  没有一丝证据  shred 极少的   any shred of good news
plough a field 耕田 
a lottery ticket 彩票
do one's bit 尽自己的一份力
way out  解救办法
wintry 冬天的，寒冷的；冷淡的
rise to the challenge  应对挑战
forgo=relinquish 放弃  abstain
pull out Kyoto accord
snub  ：ignore look down upon  冷落，不理睬
serve out his sentence 学期满；刑满，期满
 guinea pigs 豚鼠；供实验的人
biometric ID
raccoon 浣熊 fur
reverence  ：尊敬  敬重  n & v  YOUR reverence  尊敬的阁下
decomposition 分解 腐烂
on tap 随时可用的，  sb is on tap to be Secretary of Defense；  tap 动词 选择
Mumbai 孟买
oulet 电台分台；批发商店
Deccan Mujahideen 德干圣战
saddle ：马鞍；给装上马鞍，使负担  be saddled with
They were saddled with heavy expenses 他们为过高的消费所拖累
conjoined baby 连体婴儿
defer payment =postpone 、put off 联想  deter
ruble 卢布
a bottomless pit of  无底洞   There isn't a bottomless pit of money for public spending
bottomless abyss
express \pour in condolence  to
plasma  等离子  LCD screen 液晶显示器
podiatrist 脚病医生
pneumonia 肺炎  tuberculosis 肺结核
collusion == conspiracy 共谋，勾结
private 士兵（the lowest rank ）；corporal 下士 比 sergeant中士低一级  
non-commissioned 无官衔的
red tape 官样文件official rules that seem more complicated than necessary and prevent things from being done quickly