SECTION 2: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)

Directions:  In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B),(C),or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

Questions 1～5 http://tr.hjenglish.com
      You've insulated the attic, installed triple-glazed windows, and bought high-efficiency appliances. Can you make your home any more eco-friendly? For an increasing number of Americans, the answer is yes. You can let nature help cut your utility bill. It may be as simple as replacing outdoor lights with solar-powered fixtures or signing up for your unility' s “green power”program. Thanks to rapidly improving technology and government subsidies, thousands of Americans living in remote locations are finding it can be cheaper to use the sun and wind than fossil fuels.

      Don't cut your ties to the local utility just yet.

      But while renewable energy won't replace coal and natural gas soon (or ever, critics contend), consumers have more choice in their energy mix than ever before. Many are choosing to go “green” at least a bit. And they're not all whole-bran environmentalists. Rodman Montello runs a gas station here in Hebbronville, Texas. But when he wanted to bring electricity to his cabin eight miles out of town, he went solar. The reason was simple. The utility wanted $100，000 to extend its electric line to his cabin. Mr. Montalvo paid less than $8,000 for his solar system. “It's all right so far, ”he says, looking up at the three solar panels that run a few lights, a fan, and a TV inside. “I can run power tools.”

      Others, of course, take a more enthusiastic line. “There's a new focus on renewables,” says Thomas White, chairman and chief executive of Enron Renewable Corporation, which has completed the world s largest wind farm in Minnesota. “My feeling is that we are at the point in time where the personal computer was in the late70s,adds Mac Moore, director of business development for BP Solar, one of the largest manufacturers and marketers of solar electric systems in the world. “Over the next 10 years, if things go well, there going to be a revolutionary change in the way that we obtain power. ”

      Wind power represents an even more compelling argument for remote homeowners. Turbines have become so much more efficient over the past decade that homeowners a quarter-mile from a utility line may find it cheaper to put up a wind turbine than to pay the utility to extend its service. But for most consumers, barriers remain. For one thing, renewable energy systems are expensive to install and require more than a decade before consumers see a payback.

      Even a good deal on solar panels in a high-sun area would still cost a typical homeowner 30 to 40 cents a kilowatt-hour for electricity, estimates Bob Johnson, industry analyst with Strategies Unlimited, a technology-research firm in Mountain View, Calif. That s far above the six to 15 cents that Americans typically pay their local utility, he adds. Small-scale wind turbines are much more competitive-anywhere from 8 to 15 cents a kilowatt-hour, says Mike Bergey, president of Bergey Windpower in Norman, Okla. But they still require a $30,000 to $35,000 investment up front and it would take most homeowners 15 to 20 years before they'd see any payback.

      There are other drawbacks. Since these systems only produce energy intermittently, there's no guarantee homeowners can store enough energy to run their homes when the sun isn't shining or the wind blowing. Then there's aesthetics. Will the neighbors accept those solar panels on your roof? Do you want a 100-foot-high wind turbine humming in your backyard like a muffled helicopter? That's why companies like Bergey Windpower are targeting rural residents in the United States especially those in states such as California, which will pay up to half the cost of installing renewable-energy systems.

1. According to the passage, which of the following should be considered sources of renewable energy?
   (A) Petroleum, sunlight and windpower.                (B) Gas, water and fossil fuels.
   (C) Coal, natural gas and hydropower.                  (D) Sunlight, water and windpower.
2. The function of the sentence “Don t cut your ties to the local utility just yet.”(Para.2) is _______.
   (A) to state the thesis of the passage
   (B) to serve as a summary of the passage
   (C) to play the role of transition
   (D) to lead to a counter-argument in the following paragraphs
3. The sentence “we are at the point in time where the personal computer was in the late 70s” (Para.4) suggests which of the following?
   (A) The greatest breakthrough of computer technology was in the late'70s.
   (B) A great change in renewable energy technology will occur quite soon.
   (C) The “green power”program and the development of personal computer are of equal significance.
   (D) Solar energy will replace all other energies in about ten years' time.
4. It can be concluded from the passage that the author_______.
   (A) does not reveal his personal view towards the use of renewable energy
   (B) makes a systematic comparison between non-renewable energy and renewable energy
   (C) displays an objective view towards the application of renewable energy
   (D) does not side with the environmentalists
5. It can be inferred from the passage that more people will ______.
   (A) use both non-renewable and renewable energy
   (B) stick to the use of local utility
   (C) not be used to renewable energy
   (D) use renewable energy only

Questions 6～10 http://tr.hjenglish.com
      You saw the stories of the embarrassment at Encyclopedia Britannica last week as the company's highly advertised free Web site was jammed into nonfunctioning. The stories were of some 10 million hits a day clogging the site, www. britannica. com; of three separate apologies given to would be users of the free reference service; of promises to get the thing up and running, perhaps as early as this week. More striking, though, is what the stories didn't say: What an extraordinary thing it is that people around the world suddenly have access free access to knowledge that would have been the envy of a university professor earlier in my own lifetime.

     As for ordinary people, I remember how the encyclopedia salesmen would come around with their sample volumes, their memorized spiels and their offers of “easy”terms if you'd only sign up for Compton's or world book. Owning an encyclopedia or “a set of encyclopedias”, as we used to say was a pretty big deal for families of modest means, an unaffordable luxury for many of the folk in my hometown. And now it's all free or will be as soon as Britannica works out the bugs. The reason it's free is the Britannica, whose hard-copy sales are down some 80 percent since 1990, is forced to compete with Microsoft-s dominant Encarta Encyclopedia.

     But the encyclopedia isjust one small illustration of the explosion both in knowledge and in our access to it since Thomas Jefferson's modest book collection formed the nucleus of the Library of Congress. Not only does my own house now contain more books than Jefferson ever owned, but my access to public libraries, bookstores and, of course, the Web, gives my family information resources beyond the imagination of world-class scholars a short time ago.

     I've just had a phone call from a friend who tells me that, in preparation for an upcoming trip to Benin, she's downloaded 75 to 100 pages of information, from a score of sites, on that West African country information on everything from the local currency, political situation and weather to the latest local news and the street address of the American embassy. “I'm starting to feel almost like I know the place, even though I've never been there,”she said. Marco Polo, eat your heart out.

     Nor is it just information that is so profusely available. Think of the difficulties confronting a 19th-century music lover. He could, of course, hear local folk artists. But if he had a fondness for, say, Bach or Beethoven, he'd have to hire an orchestra and a place for it to perform which means he'd have to be wealthy. Today, any teenager with a CD player (or even an FM radio) can hear almost any music of his of her choosing, performed by top musicians, virtually at will. The same youngster could, at a whim, look at tens of thousands of paintings from the National Gallery of Art.

     Think of laws forbidding anyone to teach slaves to read. Think of Hitler's book burnings. Think of all the attempts over the years to enforce either orthodoxy or the status quo by putting learning off-limits, and you begin to sense the power of what is happening. The walls of caste and class have not been razed, but they are suddenly, irrevocably, more porous.

     And yet not completely porous. The pertinence of the “digital divide”is a reminder that some Americans remain cut off from the power of the knowledge revolution. We have to get serious not merely about the technology but also the psychology of bridging that divide. We have to infect our turned-off adults and our uninspired children with the desire to know more of what is within their grasp already and the oceans more that shortly will be.

     If that's true of end-of-the-century America, it is immeasurably worse for much of the rest of the world. As U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan remarked in a recent speech, “Half the world's population has never even made, or received, a telephone call.”

6. The author cites the example of Encyclopedia Britannica at the beginning of the passage mainly to show that ________.
   (A) its Web site is the target of millions of hackers
   (B) the Web site can be repaired soon http://tr.hjenglish.com
   (C) it is one of the major signs of knowledge explosion
   (D) it is the symbol of the arrival of encyclopedic age
7. Which of the following best expresses the meaning of the sentence “Marco Polo, eat your heart out.”(Para.4)?
   (A) Marco polo would be sad to know about the easy access to information about the world.
   (B) Marco polo would sincerely welcome the information age.
   (C) Marco polo would be happy to learn to use the Web.
   (D) Marco polo would never believe the story from the author's friend.
8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
   (A) Both Compton's and World Book are encyclopedias.
   (B) Encarta Encyclopedia is giving way to Encyclopedia Britannica.
   (C) The sales of Encyclopedia Britannica have been going down dramatically over the past decade.
   (D) Encyclopedia Britannica opens its Web site to attract more readers.
9. The author quotes U.N. Secretary General's remark in the last paragraph mainly to demonstrate that _________.
   (A) telephone is more important to the Web than the poor
   (B) digital revolution will be welcomed by the poor
   (C) the gap between the rich and the poor can be wider in the information age
   (D) half the world's population will benefit from knowledge explosion
10. The last two paragraphs of the passage can be perceived as __________.
   (A) the summary of the whole passage
   (B) the introduction of the concept “digital divide”
   (C) the prediction about America in the new century
   (D) the warning of issues behind technological progress

Questions 11～15 http://tr.hjenglish.com
      One of France's best known war photographers is braced for a new battle over his work in the Paris Metro. Luc Delahaye, who won awards for his photographs in Rwanda and who was once beaten up by Serbians in Croatia, has published a book of “stolen”portraits of Metro travellers that directly challenges French privacy laws.

     The book, called L'Autre (The Other), has been hailed by critics as an evocative study that cleverly captures the thrill of examining stranger's faces on an underground train. Yet Delahaye was forced to turn to a British publisher, Phaidon. No French publisher would touch his 90 black and white pictures. Under French laws drawn up to deter paparazzi from stalking celebrities, all citizens are entitled to the right to control their own image. In theory, Delahaye should have his subjects to ask permission to photograph them.

      But the purpose of his two-year project, during which he photographed 1,400 people with a hidden camera in his lap, was to capture them when they were unaware. Delahaye acknowledged last week that the publication of the book in France this month has made him vulnerable to up to 90 lawsuits should disgruntled travellers sue. But he said he was attempting to capture the awkward silence and wandering thoughts common to travellers crushed together on underground trains. “I found it unthinkable to turn up and say, ‘Bonj our, please stand like this or like that, ’” he said. “And you can't look people in the face because they feel you looking at them. ”

      In a review of the British edition of the book, published earlier this year, a critic from The Times noted: “These anonymous portraits speak more about the lives, feeling and concerns of the sitters than any number of words could.”In France, however, artistic merit is no defence if an individual considers that a photographed has invaded his privacy. The books publication seems likely to fuel a vigorous debate over government plans to amend privacy laws, further restricting the .kinds of photographs that newspapers can publish.

      Elisabeth Guigou, the justice minister, is proposing to extend to victims of crimes and natural disasters the privacy rights currently exploited mainly by celebrities. Draft laws are designed to safeguard the dignity of victims who may be photographed grieving, covered in blood or in a state of undress. The proposals have outraged the media. They were inspired by the paparazzi who swarmed around the dying body of Diana, Princess of Wales after her car crash in Paris.

      But Alain Genestar, of Paris Match, claims the proposed laws would have banned from France such images as the naked vietnamese girl fleeing a napalm attack; the assassination of President John F Kennedy; and pictures of victims of natural disasters. Genestar and other editors complain that government's obsession with privacy will infringe freedom of expression.  “Even if they are doing this with good intentions, this policy has a name: censorship. ” Genestar said.

11. Luc Delaware's book L' Autre is published in Britain because _______.
   (A) his pictures are all black and white
   (B) French publishers do not accept it
   (C) the British publisher has promised more returns
   (D) he violated French privacy laws
12.Which of the following is TRUE about Delahaye's L' Autre?
   (A) The publication of the British edition and French edition came out simultaneously.
   (B) The French edition of the book is not allowed to sell.
   (C) The publication of the book has aroused controversy.
   (D) The subjects of his pictures in the book are going to sue him.
13.Which of the following is implied, but not directly stated, in the passage?
   (A) French laws are more strict than British laws concerning privacy rights.
   (B) Delahaye took pictures of Metro travellers without asking for their permission.
   (C) The publication of L'Autre has received positive reviews from critics.
   (D) Luc Delahaye thinks it ridiculous to ask people to pose for pictures.
14. Alain Genestar of Paris Match cites the pictures of the naked Vietnamese girl fleeing a napalm attack, the assassination of President Kennedy and the victims of natural disasters mainly to demonstrate that ___________.
   (A) he is critical of the publication of Delahaye's L' Autre
   (B) all these pictures are of historical significance
   (C) France is not considered to be a democratic country
   (D) freedom of expression is more important than the concern with privacy
15. The word “paparazzi”used in the passage is closest in meaning to which of the following?
   (A) brave war photographers such as Delahaya
   (B) reporters who are doggedly after famous people
   (C) victims of crimes and natural disasters
   (D) publishers who only print pictures of celebrities

Questions 16～20 http://tr.hjenglish.com
      Mitsubishi Motors just announced plans to cut 10,000j obs. Last week Nissan, now owned by Renault and answering to its tough-minded foreign boss, pledged to slash 16,500. Similar reports from Tokyo for the past year have been greeted by American and British economists as signals that at last the famous Japanese practice of permanent employment is vanishing — a profound, traumatic transformation that they insist Japan needs.

      But there is less to trend than meets the eye. Reading past the headlines, one discovers that Mitsubishi's cuts will not take full effect until March 2004. Even Nissan's new chief operating officer, Carlos Ghosn, known to the world as “The Cost Killer, ”will spread out the downsizing over three years. And Japan's companies are making many of their adjustments through attrition, hiring freezes, voluntary retirement buyouts and reassignment of employees to subsidiaries. What is striking about what is happening now is not that is represents a change in the way companies deal with workers, but that it shows remarkable continuity in nearly desperate economic times.

      For decades, American analysts have been predicting that a change in the Japanese ways of doing business was imminent. In good times, like the 60's or 80's, labor shortages and affluence were expected to lead employees to reject the status quo and start job hopping. In bad times, like the 70's or 90's, the pressure of the bottom line was expected to lead bosses “finally”to a proper market based system of employment.

      The analysts who make these predictions do not understand the deep historical roots of Japan's employment practices, roots sunk in its legal system, the structure of schools, its systems of job recruiting and skill development, its decades-old cooperative relations between companies and unions, and the implicit expectations we call culture.

      On the very day of the Nissan announcement, a back-page story in Japanese newspapers showed how firm the grip of these foots can be. The game maker Sega had fired a 35 -year-old man for “lack of ability”. He protested with a lawsuit, and the courts ruled in his favor. They called the termination an “abuse of the right to fire, ”decided the company had made “insufficient effort to train the employee”and ordered Sega to pay back wages.

      Japan does, of course, need economic reform. But the country's current crisis is rooted in a paralyzed financial system and stagnant consumer demand, especially at home. It is not a crisis of unproductive or lazy systems of industrial production. The financial system needs a thorough housecleaning, not only more transparent and effective regulation, but also internal reforms to insure that banks make more serious risk assessment when they start lending aggressively again. The country also needs public works spending and tax cuts to get commerce moving faster.

      But it is probably a good thing that the Japanese system resists the sort of change that would please the economic seers who thrill to misleading reports about huge employee cutbacks. A working person's prescription for change would first note that the cuts that have taken place, timid as they are by American standards, have shaken the confidence of consumers. Job security and stable wages, and public policies to insure them, could reduce fears and make people feel more comfortable about buying, increasing domestic demand and promoting recovery.

      It is worth remembering that for several decades, with the familiar employment system in place, the productivity of Japanese industrial organizations and their ability to cope with shocks — like the oil crises or the tripling of the value of the yen against the dollar — was the envy of the world.

16.Which of the basic writing skills does the author mainly use in the passage? http://tr.hjenglish.com
   (A) classification                               (B) definition
   (C) illustration                                 (D) argumentation
17.Which of the following best paraphrases the statement “there is less to the trend than meets the eye” (Para.2)
   (A) Everything can be observed through the trend.
   (B) The trend is superficial rather than fundamental.
   (C) The trend shows the continuity of Japanese recruiting practice.
   (D) The trend tells us little about the Japanese employment system.
18.Which of the following shows the authors major concern?
   (A) The necessity of reform of Japanese financial system.
   (B) American and British economists-view towards Japanese practice of permanent employment.
   (C) Thejustification of the continuity of Japanese employment practice.
   (D) The relationship between Japanese culture and its systems ofjob reruiting.
19.According to the author, all of the following can be concluded from the passage EXCEPT that ________.
   (A) Japanese system of employment is also applicable to western countries
   (B) American analysts prediction is not well-grounded
   (C) the “profound, traumatic transformation”in Japanese employment practice will not occur
   (D) the Japanese employment system contributes greatly to its development of productivity
20. The author uses the example of the game maker Sega to show ________.
   (A) the importance of economic reform in Japan
   (B) the progress of Japanese legal system
   (C) the contradiction between labour and capital
   (D) the cultural influence in employment practice
SECTION 3: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)

Directions:   Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

     The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army. Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us only the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. We have, therefore, to resolve to conquer or to die.

     Our own, our country's honor, calls upon us for a vigorous and manly exertion; and if we now shamefully fail, we shall become infamous to the whole world. Let us then rely on the goodness of our cause, and the aid of the Supreme Being, in whose hands victory is, to animate and encourage us to great and noble actions. The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have their blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them. Let us animate and encourage each other, and show the whole world that a free man contending for liberty on his own ground is superior to any slavish mercenary on earth. 

SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes) 
 
Part A: Note-taking and Gap-fillinghttp://tr.hjenglish.com
Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You will not your Answer Booklet until after you have listened to the talk.

     Acid rain is a kind of ____________(1) pollution which is hanging over our heads and coming down in many different ways such as rain and ____________(2). It damages ____________(3), lakes and rivers, buildings and even human ____________(4). Several chemicals, including sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ____________(5), are involved in causing acid rain. These chemicals either come directly from power ____________(6) chimneys and cars, or are formed from a ____________(7) of pollutant gases. Sulphur dioxide is the one chemical which is often ____________(8) with acid rain. It is mainly ____________(9) by large ____________(10) burning power stations. It ____________(11) places thousands of miles away as well as areas ____________(12) the power stations. To ____________(13) more and worse environmental effects from acid rain, we have short-term and long-term solutions. We shouldn't just ____________(14) up our power station chimneys and car ____________(15). We should also change the way society thinks and reacts. We need to ____________(16) energy by increasing ____________(17). We also need to ____________(18) our way of transport, that is, create a more efficient transport system which depends less on ____________(19) cars and more on a good ____________(20) transport network.

Part B: Listening and Translation
 Ⅰ. Sentence Translationhttp://tr.hjenglish.com
Directions:  In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER B OOKLET.

(1)____________________________________________________________

(2)____________________________________________________________

(3)____________________________________________________________

(4)____________________________________________________________

(5)____________________________________________________________

 Ⅱ. Passage Translationhttp://tr.hjenglish.com
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while your are listening.

(1)____________________________________________________________

(2)____________________________________________________________

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