2008年3月22日

总结翻译稿

response to intervention surpluse supplies that extra help. RTI provide specially designed *** strtion for children who have school low on general tests.professor F says the process usually involve about 8-10 weeks of small group totally.te intense work uses this research based **** strikion. the students are tested.sometimes as often as every week do mesure progress.

Response to intervention supplies that extra help. R.T.I. provides specially designed instruction for children who have scored low on general tests.

Professor Fuchs says the process usually involves about eight to ten weeks of small group tutoring. The intensive work uses research-based methods of instruction. The students are tested, sometimes as often as every week, to measure progress.

对干预的反映提供了额外的帮助。RTI给测试成绩较低的孩子提供了特别设计的机构。F教授说这个过程通常包括8到10周的小组辅导。紧凑的工作用基于研究的方法。学生每周通过测试以测量进步的进度。

those who improve everyday in strktion intervention go back to their normal classroom activitive.news:/s/those who do not might declare learning disable.

but professor F SAYs most school system reclare additional testing taken form the presidents of   disbility.

Those who improve after the instructional intervention go back to their normal classroom activities. Those who do not might be declared learning disabled. But Professor Fuchs says most school systems require additional testing to confirm the presence of a disability.

通过干预取得进步的孩子回到他们正常的课堂活动中，他们不会被打上学习障碍的标记。但是F教授说大多说大多数学校需要额外的检测来确认障碍孩子的存在。

some teacher under minister believe response to intervention can reduce number of students put into special services.profess f tells us this has not been proved .

but studies have  shown that rti can solve learning problems for some students as specially young children .and at the same time it can identify others who need much more help.

Some teachers and administrators believe response to intervention can reduce the number of students put into special services. Professor Fuchs tells us this has not been proven. But studies have shown that R.T.I. can solve learning problems for some students, especially young children. And, at the same time, it can identify others who need much more help.

一些老师和管理者相信对干预的反映能减少特殊服务的学生的数量。F教授告诉我们这没有被证明。但是研究显示RTI能减少问题学生的数量，特别是年轻学生。同时，他能确认需要更多帮助的人。

  2008年3月21日

听写稿

now we continue our servival of learning disabilities.we look this week at process used to identify problems and help children avoid failure in school.this procss is called response to intervention or RTI.is a special legication professor at *** university in ***she studies RTI and says more and more schools in the U.S are using it.

Now, we continue our series on learning disabilities. We look this week at a process used to identify problems and help children avoid failure in school. This process is called response to intervention, or R.T.I. Lynn Fuchs is a special education professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. She studies R.T.I. and says more and more schools in the United States are using it.

现在我们继续我们的学习障碍系列.这周我们关注认知问题的过程帮助孩子避免学校的失败.这个过程叫做对干扰的反映或RTI.LF是N州的V大学特殊教育教授.她研究RTI.说美国越来越多的学校在使用RTI.

learning disabiities are new logical disorders that effect difference skills.

federal law reqires public schools to help students through special legication services and indvidal programs.

Learning disabilities are neurological disorders that affect different skills. Federal law requires public schools to help disabled students through special education services and individualized programs.

学习障碍是影响不同技能的神经紊乱.联邦法律要求公立学校通过特殊教育服务和个性话项目帮助障碍学生

the first step is finging which chidren need help.professor **** explains that traditional way is to test students who are failing.but research shows that failure can lead to depression and *** can make improvment in school very difficult.

The first step is finding which children need help. Professor Fuchs explains that the traditional way is to test students who are failing. But research shows that failure can lead to depression, and that can make improvement in school very difficult.

第一步是找出哪个孩子需要帮助.F教授解释传统的方法是测试哪个学生失败了.但是研究显示失败导致抑郁,他使得学生很难改善.

so some schools are using respons intervention as a way to identify problems much earily.the growing interests also results from concerns that is some children play games special programs do not truly have a learning disabibitythey may just need extra help with skills like reading or math.

So some schools are using response to intervention as a way to identify problems much earlier. The growing interest also results from concerns that some children placed in special education programs do not truly have a learning disability. They may just need extra help with skills like reading or math.

所以一些学校用对干扰的反映作为及早认识问题的方法.发现接受特殊教育项目的学生并不是真正的有学习障碍引起人们越来越多的兴趣.这些孩子需要的仅仅是阅读和数学技能的额外帮助.

  2008年3月20日

总结翻译稿

the two best known drugs in the study were ***** fluoxetine,better known as *** Prozac, and **** paroxetine, so sold in the U.S under the name p*** Paxil. the other drugs was were ***** venlafaxine and nefazodone..

研究中两种著名的药是fluoxetine，更多被称为Prozac，以及paroxetine，在美国以Paxil的名字在卖其他的药有venlafaxine 和nefazodone..

the public library of science pubished the findings last month in the januaryjournal class medson. PLoS Medicine.

科学公共实验室上个月在PLOS医学杂志出版了研究结果

B Benedetto Vitiello is a psycology psychiatrist at the U.S national institude Institute of mental health. doctor *** Vitiello, who was not involved in the study says the findings can as no great surprise.he says psycoloe psychiatrists have known for years that S.S.I.R.S were work best in the s*** sickest pations patients..but he says it is important for people who need help not to delay **** seeking help as a result of the new report.

Benedetto Vitiello是美国精神健康研究所的精神病学家。Vitiello,没有参加这项研究，她说研究结果并不让人吃惊。她说精神病学家早就知道SSRIS对最严重的病人才有效。但是她说需要帮助的人不应该拖延寻求帮助仍然很重要，是这个研究的结果。

criticals Critics of the report say SSIRS can take more time to begin working than the studies promoted. permitted. they also noted that doctors sometimes try several *** antidepressants on the pationt patient before choosing one for treatment.

报告的批评者说SSRI花费更多的时间开始工作比研究允许的。他们也指出医生为了找到有效的疗法有时尝试几种抗抑郁的的方法在病人身上

future **** antidepressants might have tigthers targets other than *****. serotonin. scientists find funded by the national insititude of mental *** Health have find found that an enzyme called jsk three be GSK3B. might play a big part in the depression. They found that might mice with low serotonin levels in science and signs of depression in proved improved one when in the the enzyme with blot was blocked.

除了serotonin，未来的抗抑郁药物可能有不同的目标。美国精神健康研究所所资助的科学家们发现一种叫做GSK3B的酶在抑郁症中起了很大作用。他们发现那些serotonin水平较低的小鼠，当它们体内的这种酶被阻断后，抑郁现象有所好转

  2008年3月19日

总结翻译稿

A study his has raised new questions about the effectiveness of several popular drags drugs for depression. these entiled depressionantidepressants are known as selected of ****. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

一项研究提出关于几个抗抑郁药物效果的新的疑问。这些抗抑郁药是选择作用的含于血液中的复合胺抑制剂

as say as S.S.R.I.s are designed to help keep **** serotonin, a brain chemical at a continue continuous level. but the new study suggests that they provide little help to the large m** majority of the millions who take them.

S.S.R.I.s被设计用来保持复合胺－一种大脑化学物质－持续的水平。这个新的研究认为他们提供不了多少帮助对于大多数服用者来说。

scientists from britian, Britain, canada, and u.s did the study.it was a mental anolessmeta-analysis, a study of studys.

英国，加拿大和美国的科学家做了这个研究，这个研究是对研究的研究。

the team used an american law, the freedom of the information act, to get unpublished reports on 35 *** tries clinical trials of faw four drugs. drug companies give gave these an and pubished studies to the food and drug ministrion Administration for a prove approval of the medicines. in the clincal clinical tries trials,,people with the depression were treated with either an untied depression antidepressant or a ****. placebo,a pile pill that contains no medicine .they did no not know which the gard. they got.

研究团队利用美国法律：信息自由法案，获得35份未经发表的4个药物的临床案例。药物公司提供并发表这些研究，食品药物委员会同意的药物。在临床案例中，患抑郁的人会服用抗抑郁的药或者安慰剂（没有药物成分）。他们并不知道自己吃的是什么。

the new report says those who received medicine did improved.but comparable numbers of those who received placebos also improved.the report says the drugs had meaningful for resolve results only in the most severalyseverely depressed pations patients

新的报告说服用药物的人并没有改善，但用安慰剂的人却有改善。报告说药物只有在严重的病人身上有用。

  2008年3月15日

总结翻译稿

a person might have trouble waiting and *** cooperating, and might say or do things even if afaims it offends others.*** game Laura Berk in the scienchology psychology departmentat at Illinois State university is not an expert on the subjet.

SHE SAYS Execrtive executive functions skill s can be improved.

一个人可能不会等待,合作,或者做,说冒犯别人的事情.伊利诺伊州立大学的神经系的L.B是这个方面的专家,她说执行力是可以改善的.

for example professor Berk says gamesof Simon the says can help young children learn to exerise exercise self-control by not doing something.

children are given directions but total the told to followen follow them only when the leaders begins the a direction y by saying ****."Simon says ... "

B教授说比如 .S.S游戏可以帮助孩子学会行为控制通过”不”做事情.孩子被告知方向,但只有当领导说”S说”才可以顺着这个方向.

she also suggests a game called frees. Freeze. children dance the to music untile the music starts. stops.. then they have played to place their bodies in the a position shown in the a picture. she says given giving children a chance to use their imagnations imaginations for make believe play can also help them develop executive functions skill.

她也推荐F游戏.孩子跟着音乐跳舞直到音乐听下来.他们根据图片摆出姿势.她说给孩子用自己想象力的机会.使相信游戏能帮助他们发展执行力技能.

teenages and adults can write lists and *?*** establish with ways to make sure they do important tasks.technology can help, for example online banking services can be setuped set up to pay bills automaticaly and online alarm clocks on self cell phones can remind someone when it is time to go to work or be in class.

年轻人和成年人能列表并选择方式以确性他们可以做重要的任务.技术能帮忙.比如.在线银行服务能帮助自动付帐.闹钟和手机能提醒某人工作的时间

总结翻译稿

executive function what you suppose that is? mental health professionals educators and others uses these this term when talking about with ways the that people exercise self control. executive function involves the skills we need to organize our lifes lives..

执行力,你想到了什么?精神卫生专家,教育家和其他人会用这个词,当他们谈到人们进行只我控制.执行力包括我们组织我们生活所需要的能力

experts at the national cental Center for learning disabilityies say we use executive function to study situations plan art and change our mines.they say problems with the executive function are stronglylinked to attention and learning disabilities.

学习力缺陷研究中心的专家说,我们使用执行力去了解环境,计划,艺术和改变我们的思想.他们说执行力的问题和注意力缺陷,学习力障碍有很大的关系.

all of these prombles can have some of the same signs for example trouble with working memory. what is working memory this term is coming commonly used now in plans place of short term memoery.It describes the brain's ability to store recent informtion temperorily temporarily, but also to use and make sense of it.

所有的问题都有相同的信号,比如工作记忆力问题.什么是工作记忆力?这个词通常用在短期记忆上.他描绘大脑暂时储存信息的能力,以及使用他,感知他.

reaearchResearchers say good executive function is important for success in school .students with poor executive function need help to organize research.

they have serious trouble the citing deciding which of two or three tasks to do first.

they have difficulty changing tasks or working on one project for a long period time . 

研究者说好的执行力对学校的成功很重要.执行力不好的学生需要帮助,他们不知道当有两三个任务的时候现做什么,他们也感到困难改变任务或长期进行一个项目.

  2008年3月13日

总结翻译稿

several yeares ago, four business leaders decided to do somrthing about it. they formed the found of the group. Founders' Group. one of them  have****, Henry Salmon, recalls growing grapes on the frames a friend's farm while growing up on step nilent. Staten Island.

几年前,四位商界领导人决定作些事情.他们成立了奠基者小组,其中一位HS建议在朋友的农场上种葡萄同时也在S岛上种.

last november to get ideas the group want went to idily. Italy.they visited ia wine making town in **** Tuscany. Crespina with about 4 thousand prople beacame a sister city to stat n****Staten Island.and **** Tuscan wine make winemaker **** Piergiorgio cast **** Castellani beame a tech a technical **** adviser to the project

去年十一月为了得到建议,这个小组去了意大利.他们参观了位于Tuscany的葡萄酒制造城,这个城市有4000人,成了S岛的姐妹城.T城的葡萄酒制造者P.C.成了这个计划的技术顾问.

advisor Advice has also came come from others including experts at Cornell university in *** Ithaca, N.Y and university of pissaePisa in italy. THE group grapes chosen 4for the start Staten Island climate and soul soil included *****.***** and ***** cabernet sauvignon, merlot and sangiovese

也有来自其他方面的建议.包括Ithaca 的Cornel大学和意大利PISA大学的专家.为额S岛的气候特别选择的葡萄以及包括cabernet sauvignon, merlot的泥土.

plants Plans call for 2 thousand wine vines on line land that have ^^^^ Henry Salmon says was once used for a retirement home for sellers. sailors. the **** vineyard will be ***** organic., no ***** chemical pastside pesticides will be used.**** Compost maymade from leaves and other ***** organic material collected from city parks also will serve as fedral ***** fertilizer..

计划要求在岛上种2000棵树,H.S说这些树原来计划是给退休老兵用的.这个葡萄树是有机的.没有用化学药剂.复合叶子和从城市公园收集的其他有机材料作为肥料.

if all goes well, the Tuscan guarden GardenVineyard project on Staten Island should have its first wines ready in a few years. the wine will not be sold. plants Plans call for using it at tastings and special wines events

如果一切进展顺利S岛的Tuscan花园葡萄酒计划几年内酒会有酒生产出来.葡萄酒不会被出售,用来品尝和其他目的.

  2008年3月12日

for years most of our the household waist waste collected in america’s largest city when went two to alind fail a landfill on stead niland. Staten Island. *** Staten Island is one of the five bowls boroughs that form the city of N.Y.

The others are the **** and **** Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan and Queens,

这些年来,美国最大城市的生活垃圾都是送到S.I埋起来的.SI是构成纽约的五个区的一个.其他的是Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan and Queens.

the land failed landfill closed in 2001 now local leards leaders hopes study Staten Island will become known for something else. fine wines. officias Officials expected to break ground before summer orfor the Tuscan guarden **** Vineyard project. whileWine grps grapes will be plided planted on most of one hected hectare in the studyned Staten island *** Botanical guarden.

2001年垃圾掩埋场被关掉了,当地的头希望SI因为别的出名比如美酒.官方希望TGV计划能在夏天前开始.葡萄树将在SIB花园大面积种植.

bowl Borough president James Molinaro has said set side one and one half millions dollars for **** the vineyard. officials say the project will be educational and nonprofited. it will d***street demonstrate the process of growing grips grapes and making wine. it could bring visitors who now right ride the started Staten Island very ferry from man hapeen Manhattan just to see the st***Statue of libityLiberty in N>Y harbour.

Borough的头拨款一百万到一百五十万为这个计划.官方说这个计划有教育性质的和非盈利的.它将展示葡萄的生长过程和葡萄酒的制造过程,它能带来那些只看自由女神的参观者

organizers say the climbes climate is similary similar to other one makingwinemaking *** areas of NY state like the singal **** Finger Lakes area and long island. foryears people have suggested that starts Staten Island should have of the a vineyard. 

计划者说气候和长岛等其他葡萄种植地很相似.许多年来人们都建议SI应该有葡萄园.

  2008年3月11日

总结翻译稿

Rachel Glennerster runs the Abdul Latif Jameel provrity Poverty action lap Lab at the Massachusetts institude Institute of technology.the reserche research lap lab does development and poverity poverty studies, it's Its goal is to improve the effectiveness of **** povity programs in the u.s. and another other countries.

R.G.主持位于Massachusetts技术中心的A.L.J.消除贫困行动实验室.研究实验室进行发展和贫困研究.他的目标是改进其他国家的扶贫项目的效率

**** Miz Glennerster tells us that several studys studies widerly search by the research grows group's economics economists has have proven that is small prise price changes have a big influence on the number of people who use a product. a prise price change will reduce the total *** amount of use of product as well. she says.the economis economists has have also found no evidence that every the very act of paying for something changes people how people use it.

Miz Glennerster告诉我们研究团队的经济学家的几项研究已经证明价格的小幅变化对使用产品的人数有很大的影响.她说价格变化也同样影响使用产品的人的数目.经济学家没有发现证据证明支付行为如何改变人们使用.

finally some development experts argue that prisingpricing is useful when ****targeting a product among special populations. when it comes to bed nets, Miz Glennerster says research shows no evidence of this. people are just as likly to use a bed net if they paid for it or not .

最后,一些专家认为针对特殊人群的产品,价格是有用的.提及蚊帐, Miz Glennerster说研究显示没有证据证明这个.无论人们付钱与否,都会用它.

  2008年3月10日

总结翻译稿

if you give something to someone for free,**** will that person value it and use it ? development experts have debated this question for **** decades.some say the actor act of paining paying calls these causes people to value something and use it more. Others argue that selling necessary halv health treatments may denie deny them to the people who need them the most.

如果你白送给别人东西,他会评估这样东西的价值并使用么?专家关于这个问题争论很长时间了一些人认为支付行为使人们估价并使用,另一些人人认为出售必要的健康医疗会使最需要的人得不到它.

concerd Consider, for example,****ly chemically treated bad nes. nets. Thease badness bed nets kill maskets mosquitoes and pretect protect people aganist malaryia malaria while they are sleeping. NY university economics economist **** William Easterly says this is one example loveof development gone round. in the recent book, professor **** Easterly suggests that bed nets given freely in africa are often yous used for the wrong propose. purpose.

比如,考虑化学处理过的蚊帐,这些蚊帐能在睡觉时消灭蚊子并保护人们免受疟疾.纽约大学经济学家W.E说这是一个例子:发展导致错误.在最新的书中,P.E认为在非洲免费赠送的蚊帐常常被错误使用.

yet the world halv Health organization regniezed recommends bad ness bed nets be give given out freely and uesd by hol whole communites. communities. the s success of a large free bed ned net compaigncampaign in *** Kenya led the who to onis announce this regniz detion recommendation last orgise . August.

世界卫生组织建议免费发放蚊帐并在整个社区使用.在肯尼亚大量免费发放蚊帐的成功使世卫组织上个八月宣布进一步推广.

theThis debate wil likely influence social programs in the developing world.

many none govermental organiztion organizations support the creation now of self **** self-sustaining programes in poor countries.

goods and services are solded sold for pries a price to help this these programmes **** survive.

这个争论影响发展中国家的社会项目.许多非政府组织支持贫困国家的自我发展项目.货物和服务被出售以帮助项目.