【我的总结与翻译】

Now, we continue our series on learning disabilities. We look this week at a process used to identify problems and help children avoid failure in school. This process is called response to intervention, or R.T.I. Lynn (Fuchs) is a special education professor at (Vanderbilt) University in Nashville, Tennessee. She studies R.T.I. and says more and more schools in the United States are using it.

现在，我们继续有关学习障碍的系列节目。本周我们来看看用于鉴别症状以及帮助孩子们避免学业不良的方法。这种方法称为干预反应，即R.T.I.。Lynn Fuchs是田纳西首府纳什维尔市范德比特大学的一名从事特殊教育的教授，她对R.T.I.有研究，并认为在美国，越来越多的学校正在使用这种方法。

Learning disabilities are neurological disorders that affect different skills. Federal law requires public schools to help disabled students through special education services and individualized programs.

学习障碍是神经方面的紊乱，它影响着各种不同的技能。联邦法律要求公立学校通过特殊教学服务以及针对个人的方案来帮助那些在这方面有所缺陷的学生。

The first step is finding which children need help. Professor (Fuchs) explains that the traditional way is to test students who are failing. But research shows that failure can lead to depression, and that can make improvement in school very difficult.

第一步就是要找出是哪些学生需要帮助。Fuchs教授解释道，传统的方法是测试哪些学生有所缺陷。但研究显示，这种缺陷会导致消沉，并且还可能使得他们很难在学业上取得进步。

So some schools are using response to intervention as a way to identify problems much earlier. The growing interest also results from concerns that some children placed in special education programs do not truly have a learning disability. They may just need extra help with skills like reading or math.

因此，很早就有许多学校使用这种干预反应的方法来鉴别症状。对一些孩子的担忧同样也引来了对这种方法不断增加的关注，这些被置于特殊教育项目的孩子并不真正患有学习障碍，他们或许仅仅在诸如阅读或数学技能方面需要额外的帮助。