<2008年10月>
2829301234
567891011
12131415161718
19202122232425
2627282930311
2345678

最新随笔

留言簿

随笔分类

随笔档案

文章分类

文章档案

相册

super 一句

好友学习交流区

名人的BLOG

学习区

  •  

最新评论

阅读排行榜

评论排行榜

  2007年9月25日

好久没打开这个网站了,似乎是个离家出走了的孩子,突然间找到家的感觉!在这里曾经多少留下了我的心思,记载。已经是大三的学生了,没有FIMO 的指导,不知道以后会失去多少呢?我想应该很多~~~
     这次六级没过,所以得继续努力了!BAXIA!

posted @ 2007-09-25 16:02 晚风 阅读(109) | 评论 (2)编辑 收藏
  2007年6月7日

 
 

      梦想明天,活好今天                  

Life is a gift we are given each and every day.
Dream about tomorrow, but live for today.
To live a little, you have got to love a whole lot.
Love turns the ordinary into the extraordinary.

生命是一份我们每日都收到的礼物。
要梦想明天,但要活好今天。
即便是短暂的人生,你也要付出无限爱。
爱让平凡变得精彩。

Dream about tomorrow ,but live for today.

 
 

posted @ 2007-06-07 20:20 晚风 阅读(437) | 评论 (1)编辑 收藏
  2007年5月26日
Bringing Color to Life With Natural Dyes (2/2)

 

■点击查看听力答案■



论坛帖子:http://www.hjbbs.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=62&ID=426652
posted @ 2007-05-26 14:50 晚风 阅读(195) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
Global Warming Becomes Major US Campaign Issue(1/3)

 

■点击查看听力答案■





论坛帖子:http://www.hjbbs.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=62&ID=426820
posted @ 2007-05-26 14:42 晚风 阅读(191) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
  2007年5月19日

Don’t we just love those long, hot summer days in the sun? Keep in mind, however, that the high temperatures and excessive humidity (湿气过重)can pose dangers. One of the dangers to be aware of is that of heatstroke. Heatstroke occurs as a result long, extreme exposure (暴露)to the sun. When a person does not sweat enough to lower body temperature core temperature rises quickly and heatstroke occurs.

The first aid tips in this article in no way precludes(排除) immediate medical attention. Heatstroke can be extremely damaging to you health. It progresses very quickly and is life threatening. While there are first aid measures that can be taken, heatstroke is a medical emergency. Time is crucial and help should be summoned immediately.

Infants and the elderly are among the group at high risk for heatstroke. Also vulnerable (易受…的攻击)are the obese(肥胖的), alcoholics(酗酒者), persons taking certain medications, or those with cardiovascular(心脏血管的)disease.

Another group that may be at risk is the summer athlete. As with any prolonged(延长的,拖延的)physical activity, summer sports can be potentially d angerous. An excellent source of information on heat stroke and how it relates to summer sports can be found at the Gatorade Sports Science Institute online.

Some risk factors for heat stroke include dehydration(脱水) alcohol use, cardiovascular disease, and medications.
The important thing to remember is that when high temperatures and humidity are present conditions are right for heat stroke. There are some preventive measures you should take if you are going to be in the heat for extensive hours. This is especially necessary if you are planning prolonged physical activity.

Have plenty of water and/or sports drinks on hand to prevent dehydration. Wear clothing that allows you to sweat and will prevent overheating. Heat stroke results from the body’s inability to sweat and keep itself cool. Take breaks and sit in a shaded area to cool down.

Some early warning signs of heatstroke may include a rapid rise in body temperature (104° F or higher), irritability(过敏性, confusion, dizziness, nausea(反胃), fatigue(疲劳), hot, dry red skin, hallucinations(幻觉,幻想), and rapid heart beat. There may even be be loss of consciousness.

If you suspect someone has heat stroke take action quickly. Have someone call 911 for help. Get the person out of the sun into a shaded or air-conditioned area.

If possible immerse the person in a tub of ice water, or spray them with a garden hose. If nothing else wrap them in cool sheets. Whatever means you have, the objective is to cool them down as quickly as possibly. Monitor them closely. Cool the person until their body temperature drops to 101-102°F.

Move quickly, if not treated, heat stroke can be fatal(致命的) in with-in the hour. If medical assistance does not arrive after you have cooled them down, call a hospital emergency room for further advice.

In conclusion, when enjoying the intense heat and humidity of summer remember to wear lightweight, breatheable clothing. Keep plenty of water and sports drinks on hand. Schedule heavy physical activity for cooler hours of the day. Acclimate yourself to the sun and heat by spending short times in the sun at first. With these few steps in mind may you all have a wonderful summer whenever it comes to your part of the globe.

posted @ 2007-05-19 18:51 晚风 阅读(214) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
  2007年5月15日
Italy's Proposed Family Law Draws Large Protests

 

 

Demonstrators from all over Italy gathered in a Rome square Saturday for the Family Day rally. They listened to songs like this one whose words evoked the need for children to have both a mother and a father.

Married couples with their children raised their voices to protest a proposed law that would give greater rights to unmarried couples, including gays and lesbians.

This woman says the family is important because society is based on the family and it is a value for everyone, not just Christians.

Lay Catholic groups and family associations organized the rally. They stressed the importance of policies that will favor the traditional family unit and family values based on marriage between a man and a woman.

Thousands of supporters of the controversial bill organized a counter-rally in Rome's famed Piazza Navona square. They said Italy would be a more civilized country if it gave rights to unmarried and gay couples.

The draft legislation still requires parliamentary approval. Prime Minister Prodi has said lawmakers in his divided coalition are free to vote on it according to their conscience.

 

论坛帖子:http://www.hjbbs.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=62&ID=424430
posted @ 2007-05-15 19:53 晚风 阅读(263) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
  2007年5月13日

 




在唱歌和听歌的人眼里心底,
生命里的每一个日子都会是母亲节。

这个五月,
沪江英乐精选好歌,
带你了解世界各地的母亲节。






  Celine Dion— Goodbye's


母亲节在希腊

母亲节起源于希腊,古希腊人在这一天向希腊神话中的众神之母赫拉致敬。在17世纪中叶,母亲节流传到英国,英国人把封斋期的第四个星期天作为母亲节。在这一天里,出门在外的年青人将回到家中, 给他们的母亲带上一些小礼物。



  Backstreet Boys—The Perfect Fan

母亲节在英国

十七世纪英格兰,为表达对英国母亲们的敬意,乃订四旬斋的第四个星期日为「Mothering Sunday」,人们在这一天回家探视双亲,并致礼表示敬意。(注:四旬斋是指复活节前夕之前,星期天除外的40天)。

当时,有许多的穷人必须在有钱人家里帮 讨生活,而被迫离家寄宿在主人家里,在Mothering Sunday这一天,主人们会放他们假,并鼓励他们返家与妈妈团聚。为增加欢乐气氛,也发展了一种特别的蛋糕称为mothering cake。

随着基督神在欧洲的扩散,这个节日转为对「Mother Church」的崇敬:表达人们对赋予他们生命、保护他们免於伤害的精神力量的感谢。从此,教会的仪式便与母亲节的庆祝活动相结合,以同时传达人们对母亲与教会的感念。





  Josh Groban —You Raise Me Up

母亲节在美国

在美国,最早关於母亲节的记载是1872年由茱丽雅(Julia Ward Howe即The Battle Hymn of the Republic的作者)所提出的,她建议将这一天献给「和平」,并在波斯顿等地举行母亲节的集会。

1907年,费城的安娜· 贾维斯(Ana Jarvis)为了发起订立全国性的母亲节而活动。贾维斯夫人是一个有着10个子女的母亲,是当时美国格拉夫顿城教会主日学校的总监。在美国以解放黑奴为目的的南北战争结束后,她在学校里负责讲述美国国殇纪念日的课程。贾维斯是一位心地善良,极富同情心的女人。她讲述着战争中那一个个为正义捐躯的英雄的故事,望着台下那一张张充满稚气的孩子们的脸,一个想法猛然涌上心头:为祖国贡献了这么多英勇战士,保证了战争胜利的,不就是那一个个含辛茹苦地抚育着子女的母亲们吗?她们的儿子血染疆场,承受了最大的痛苦和牺牲的,不也是这些默默无闻的母亲吗?因此,她提出应该设立一个纪念日或母亲节,给这些平凡的女人一些慰藉,表达儿女们对母亲的孝思。可惜的是,这个良好的愿望还没有实现,贾维斯夫人便与世长辞了。她的女儿安娜·贾维斯目睹母亲抚养自己和兄弟姐妹成人的辛劳,深感母亲的提议是适合天理人心的。因此,她写出了几十封信,发给美国国会。地方州长和妇女组织等,提议创立母亲节。在她的一再呼吁下,这一提议得到了社会上的广泛响应和支持。

1914年,美国总统威尔逊郑重宣布,把每年5月的第二个星期天,也就是贾维斯夫人的忌日,定为母亲节。美国政府还规定,母亲节这天,家家户户都要悬挂国旗,以表示对母亲的尊敬。由于贾维斯夫人生前喜爱康乃馨花,这种花也就成了母亲节的象征。

母亲节是个充满人间温情的节日,这一天,家里的男成员要把全部家务活都包下来,儿女们每人都要做一件让母亲高兴的事,以尽孝道。即使远在异地的孩子,也要打电话向母亲表示祝贺。这一天,美国人民都要在胸前佩上一朵花。母亲健在的,戴一朵有色的花,表示欢愉;母亲逝世的,戴一朵白花,表达哀思。





  Makana — Only You


全世界的母亲节

母亲节创立后,也得到了全世界各国人民的支持。安娜·贾维斯在世时,设立母亲节的国家已达43个。时至今日,欢庆这个节日的国家就更多了。母亲节,已经成了一个名副其实的国际性节日。按惯例,“国际母亲节”被定在每年的5月11日举行。虽然,有一些国家是在一年中不同的时节庆祝属於他们的母亲节。然而,多数国家如丹麦、芬兰、意大利、土耳其、澳大利亚和比利时等等,都是在五月的第二个星期日庆祝母亲节的。




了解了这么多,赶快给自己的母亲送上祝福吧!


今天是母亲节,谨以上面的文章向我亲爱的妈妈说声:妈妈,您辛苦了,我爱你!也向妈妈说声:节日快乐!!!

posted @ 2007-05-13 22:36 晚风 阅读(306) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
  2007年4月25日
Today I want to talk about "Hukka"!
The Hakkas, it has the remarkable characteristic the Han Nationality people department, also is the Han Nationality distributes the scope in the world most to be broad, to affect the profoundest people isone.

客家人
客家,是一个具有显著特征的汉族民系,也是汉族在世界上分布范围最广阔、影响最深远的民系之一。

有关客家的起源存在多种说法,主要的有客家中原说和客家土著说。客家中原说认为客家主体构成为来自中原的移民,而客家土著说则认为“客家共同体,是南迁汉人与闽粤赣三角地区的古越族移民混化以后产生的共同体,其主体是生活在这片土地上的古越族人民,而不是少数流落于这一地区的中原人”。从两宋开始,中原汉民大举南迁,经赣南、闽西到达梅州,最终形成相对成熟的、具有很强稳定性的客家民系。此后,客家人又以梅州为基地,大量外迁到全国乃至世界各地。“客家三州”为 嘉应州、赣州、汀州。

说到客家最著名的就是他们的土楼了,如果你在网上搜索客家,会同时出现很多关于土楼的条目。如果你是集邮爱好者的话,你应该注意到了中国民居那套邮票里的福建民居之中有张便是客家的土楼。由于客家人居住的大多是偏僻的山区或深山密林之中,当时不但建筑材料匮乏,豺狼虎豹、盗贼嘈杂,加上惧怕当地人的袭扰,客家人便营造像土楼似的“抵御性”城堡式建筑住宅。在福建,土楼分方形土楼和圆形土楼两种,而圆楼相对少见。

关于土楼的一个笑话估计大家还有印象:据说,在上世纪六七十年代,美国的间谍卫星对中国进行拍照侦察,惊讶地发现在我国福建省的山区里分布着很多的不明大型建筑,或圆或方,经过分析认为是“导弹发射基地”,中国的军事实力不可小觑。直到中美建交后,美国人才知道那些所谓的“导弹发射基地”实际上是客家典型的民居——土楼。

一:客家渊源

客家是中国汉族的一个庞大的民系共同体,形成历史悠久,人数众多,根据资料显示,客家人现有总人数5500万,其中中国约4500万,在海外客家人当中,大多数居住在亚洲的一些国家,其中马来西亚约125万、印度尼西亚约40万、泰国约37万、越南约30万、新加坡20万、缅甸10万...,其他分布在美洲、欧洲、澳洲等地。

客家先民,系来自中原。是历代因战乱从中原大规模直接迁徙而至,或辗转迁入,或官宦、贬谪、经商等原因而落居。其先民迁徙有以下几个时期:

(一)秦汉统一中国,中原移民开始南下。

1、秦始皇二十五年(公元前222年),秦军六十万灭楚“南征 百越之君”,集结余干之水的秦军,于公元前221年置闽中郡后,即分兵南下,从闽粤赣边入抵揭岭,即揭阳山,今揭阳县北一百五十里,直抵兴宁、海丰二县界。

2、秦始皇三十三年,五十万人守五岭,即赵佗“将卒以戍越”。由是观之,闽粤赣边有两支秦军屯戍,一戊南野之界,一戍揭岭。

3、秦始皇三十四年,赵佗又在隔河二里筑城以控武水,筑万人城于中宿浈山。赵佗又在龙川筑城居之。这批筑城者人数不详,但同期徙往北方边郡筑城可考者,少者三万户,多者五万户。

4、秦始皇三十六年,估计秦驻闽粤赣边之戍徙民约占当地人口三分之一以上。

5、汉武帝元鼎五年(公元前115年),又大批中原士卒南戍 岭南,分驻于郡县及军事要冲。

6、汉元封元年(公元前110年),闽中及揭阳(潮、梅古为闽越地)的闽越人都搬走了,是地只留下秦中县徙民的后裔。这说明自此起,闽粤赣边居民是以中原移民为主体。

(二)汉末建安至东晋永嘉之际,中原人民避难,有一部分人迁入闽粤赣边区。

东汉末年,中原人民避难入交州,曾掀起一次高潮,南迁主要由海道而来。

南北朝时,南北对峙,中原人民又一次大规模南迁,迁移人口约96万,大部分稳定在长江中游两岸,其中一部分入江西赣南,部分又经宁都、石城进入闽粤边州县。

永嘉之际,中原士族流入福建者众。

(三)唐代安史之乱,战祸给人民带来巨大灾难,中原人民大量南逃。

(四)唐末黄巢起义,中原人民避难者又大批逃入闽粤赣区。如宗室李孟,由长安迁汴梁,继迁福建宁化古壁乡。固始人王绪、王潮响应黄巢起义,率光、寿二州农民起义军五千下江西。唐末至宋、闽赣边人口激增。

(五)宋南渡与宋末再有大批中原人民逃难至粤中与闽粤赣边地区。

建炎南渡,一部分官吏士民流移杭、秀、苏、常、湖、即太湖流域一带。另一部分而且是大部分随隆 皇太沿走洪、吉、虔州,皇太回临安。这些士民没有随太后的条件,又势不能北返,因而一部分南渡大庚岭,入南雄、始兴、韶州。一部分由虔州入汀州。一部分滞留赣南各县。

南宋末年,元军大举南下,江浙及江西大量宋民,一路从蒲田逃亡广东沿海潮汕至海南岛。

(六)除以上所述因战乱大规模南迁外,中原人民因旱灾水患逃荒而南来,亦有历代官宦、贬谪、经商、游学而定居闽粤赣边地区者。

从以上史料看,客家先民主要来自中原汉族。而客家民系形成的过程中,又不断融化吸收畲、瑶、蛋、木客等南方少数族群壮大了客家队伍
posted @ 2007-04-25 16:56 晚风 阅读(564) | 评论 (1)编辑 收藏
  2007年4月10日
             HOW DO YOU SLEEP ?
  You may not achieve the comfort levels and sleep position you are used to in your bed at home, but look around the cabin next time you fly to see the many different positions we adopt (or try to !) whilst asleep.
Scientists believe the position in which a person goes to sleep provides an important clue about the kind of person they are.
So …. what does your sleeping position actually say about you ?
Professor Chris Idzikowski, director of the UK Sleep Assessment and Advisory Service analysed six common sleeping positions - and found that each is linked to a particular personality type.
What your sleeping position says about you …
Foetus
Those who curl up in the foetus position are described as tough on the outside but sensitive at heart. They may be shy when they first meet somebody, but soon relax. This is the most common sleeping position, adopted by 41% of the 1,000 people who took part in the survey. More than twice as many women as men tend to adopt this position.
Log
Lying on your side with both arms down by your side. These sleepers are easy going, social people who like being part of the in-crowd, and who are trusting of strangers. However, they may be gullible.
Yearner
People who sleep on their side with both arms out in front are said to have an open nature, but can be suspicious, cynical. They are slow to make up their minds, but once they have taken a decision, they are unlikely ever to change it.
Soldier
Lying on your back with both arms pinned to your sides. People who sleep in this position are generally quiet and reserved. They don’t like a fuss, but set themselves and others high standards.
Freefall
Lying on your front with your hands around the pillow, and your head turned to one side. Often gregarious and brash people, but can be nervy and thin-skinned underneath, and don’t like criticism, or extreme situations.
Starfish
Lying on your back with both arms up around the pillow. These sleepers make good friends because they are always ready to listen to others, and offer help when needed. They generally don’t like to be the centre of attention.
The remainder of those in the poll said the position they fell asleep varied or did not know.
Professor Idzikowski also examined the effect of various sleeping positions on health. He concluded that the freefall position was good for digestion, while the starfish and soldier positions were more likely to lead to snoring and a bad night’s sleep.
Professor Idzikowski said “Lying down flat means that stomach contents can more readily be worked back up into the mouth, while those who lie on their back may end up snoring and breathing less well during the night. “Both these postures may not necessarily awaken the sleeper but could cause a less refreshing night’s sleep.”
The research also found that most people are unlikely to change their sleeping position. Just 5% said they sleep in a different position every night.


或许您没有对人类的睡眠姿势做过归类,如果有机会不妨注意一下,你会惊奇地发现,我们的睡姿是如此丰富。科学家认为,一个人的睡眠姿势和他的个性类型有着紧密的关联。英国睡眠评估和咨询服务机构主任Chris Idzikowski教授,分析了六种常见睡觉姿势,发现每一种睡姿正好对应着一种人格类型。或许我们可以通过对舍友、亲人的观察来验证这个研究结论,如果您不清楚自己的睡姿,不妨让您的亲人进来帮你确认一下。-psytopic.com
或许你还没有对自己在家里的睡眠姿势和舒适水平作过归类,下次飞行的时候不妨环顾一下机舱,你会惊奇地发现我们竟有如此丰富的各种睡眠姿势。
科学家认为一个人的睡眠姿势与其性格类型有紧密的联系。
你的睡姿是怎样的?
Chris Idzikowski教授,英国睡眠评估和咨询服务机构主任,分析了六种常见睡觉姿势,发现每一种睡姿正好对应着一种人格类型。
你的睡觉姿势:

图片著作权归BBC所有
睡觉姿势告诉了我们什么…
胎儿型(Foetus)
那些卷缩成胎儿姿势的人,被形容为外刚内柔,坚强的外表下有着一颗敏感的心。他们第一次见到别人的时候,可能会害羞,但很快能放松。这是最常见的睡眠姿势,在1000名的调查者中,有41%的人采用这种姿势。其中女性比男性多一倍。

树干型(Log)
双手在两侧笔直向下伸展,身体靠一边平躺。这种类型的人比较容易相处,爱交往,喜欢融入人群,容易信赖陌生人。不过,他们可能会被骗。
向往型(Yearner)
靠侧躺,双手由胸前向外伸展。这种类型的人一方面有开放性,另一方面则多疑,并愤世嫉俗。他们作决定比较缓慢,但一旦作出决定就不再改变。

战士型(Soldier)
背靠床仰面平躺,双手紧贴两侧。采用这种睡姿的人通常比较安静和内敛。他们不喜欢忙乱,对自己和对他人都定有较高标准。
自由落体型(Freefall)
面向床扑躺,双手抱枕,脸靠枕头偏向一侧。这类人容易合群,性情较急,但也能保持镇静,脸皮较薄,不喜欢批评或极端的情况。

海星型(Starfish)
面朝天花板仰躺,双手上翻靠枕。这种类型的人身边有很多好朋友,因为他总是在倾听对方,并且在别人需要的时候提供帮助。他们不喜欢成为注意的焦点。

其余参与调查的人则报告说,他们睡觉的姿势不稳定,或不知道。
Idzikowski教授同时分析了各种睡姿对健康的影响。他总结说,自由落体型有利于消化,海星型和战士型则容易引起打鼾和不良睡眠。
Idzikowski教授说,“仰面平躺意味着胃中的食物容易倒流到嘴里,这些仰躺的人在睡觉期间可能落会引起打鼾或呼吸不畅的情形,这两种姿势虽然都不足以使你惊醒,但不利于睡眠效果。”
这个研究还显示,大多数的人都不喜欢改变他们的睡觉姿势,只有5%的人说他们每晚到睡觉姿势都不同。

posted @ 2007-04-10 21:03 晚风 阅读(489) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏