有关necessity“必要”的词汇 |
| essence |
n. 本质；精髓 记忆法 e(出)+s(拼写添加上的，无意义)+sence(存在)-essence(表现出存在的东西是本质);absence(离开存在即缺席);presence(前面存在即出席) |
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most neccessary or significant part, aspect
or feature; fundamental nature; core |
The union and management held
a lengthy meeting without getting to the essence of the men's dissatisfaction --low wages.
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| prerequisite |
n.先决条件 记忆法 前缀:pre
预先 |
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someting required beforehand |
| A mark of at least 75% in Basic
Art is a prerequisite for Advanced Art. |
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| entail |
vt. 需要 记忆法 应抬哟（谐音）：应抬哟，这担子-使人承担
tailor(裁缝）-tail(切）
en(使)+tail:使负责切割-使负担entail |
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involve as a necessary consequence; impose;
require
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| Can your family afford the extra
expense that a large apartment entails? |
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| necessitate |
vt. 需要 记忆法 源于：necessary（n.必需品；adj.必要的） |
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make necessary; require; demand |
| Mr. Brown told Ellen that her refusal
to work necessiates his sending for her parents. |
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| oblige |
vi. 强迫；使负有义务 记忆法 偶不来劲（谐音）：我被迫使所以一点都没劲
海鸥(o)用暴(b)力(li)迫使鸽(ge)子离开
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compel; force; put under a duty or obligation |
| If your friend were in trouble,
wouldn't you feel obliged to go to his help? |
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| obviate |
vt. 排除； 使不必要 记忆法 ob（离开）＋via（路）＋ate→使障碍离开道路→排除
* 同根词：viable（能活的） |
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make unnecessary; preclude |
| Helen has agreed to lend me the
book I need. This obviates my trip to the library. |
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| compulsory |
adj. 义务的；必须做的 记忆法 com(共同)+puls(推、冲)+ory:一起推-强制性的
compul(=compel强迫)+s+ory(带有.的性质):强迫性的强制的
补充： 谐音：＂恐怕sorry(sory)＂因为这是强制性的，所以只能对你说sorry了． |
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required by authority; obligatory |
| State law makes attendance at school
compulsory for children of certain ages. |
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| gratuitous |
adj. 没必要的 记忆法 来自gratuity（小费，赏钱），grat（感激）＋uity→表示感激的小费。小费可多可少，所以gratuitous有“无缘无故”之意。 |
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uncalled for; unwarranted |
| Were it not for your gratuitous interference, the children would have quickly
settled their dispute. |
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| imperative |
adj. 必须的；紧急的 记忆法 impera(emperor皇帝)+tive(的):命令式的强制的
硬派弱踢我（谐音）：强硬的派弱者来踢我一脚-强制性的 |
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not to be avoided; urgent; necessary; obilgatory;
compulsory |
| If you have failed a subject you
need for graduation, it is imperative that you
go to summer school. |
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| incumbent |
adj. 使负有义务的 记忆法 in＋cumb（躺）＋ent→躺在（职位）上的人
* 同根词：emcumber（妨碍）recumbent（斜躺的） |
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（with on or upon） imposed as a duty; obligatory |
| Dan felt it incumbent on him to
pay for the window, since he had hit the ball
that broke it. |
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| indispensable |
adj. 不可缺少的 记忆法 in(否定)+dis(否定)+pens(钱)+able(能):不是不需要钱-必不可少的 |
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absolutely necessary; essential |
| We can do without luxuries and
enterainment. However, food, shelter and clothing
are indispensable. |
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| pressing |
adj. 急切的 记忆法 |
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reqiring immediate attention; urgent |
| Before preparing for tommorrow's
party, I have some more pressing matters to attend
to, such as finishing my report. |
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| superfluous |
adj. 多余的 记忆法 super+flu流＋ous→流出太多 |
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more than what is enough or necessary; surplus;
excessive; unnecessary |
| Since we already have enough food
for the picnic, please don't bring any because
it will only be superfluous. |
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