But the university of Pennsylvania calls itself America's oldest university. Penn officials note that the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania recognized their school as university in 1779, that was one year before Harvard.

  Yet, the history gets a little complex. Penn considers its anniversary day to be 1740. That was when the Charity school of Pennsylvania was established though it never open. Benjamin Franlin later presented his ideas for a learning institution that included the Charity school.  It opened in 1751 and became the university.

  Today more than 23,000 students attend the university of Pennsylvania, 4000 of them come from other countries.

单词：

Commonwealth:  n. 联邦,国家,公民,共和国,团体
e.g.:  the commonwealth of learning  学术界

Charity:  n. 慈善,施舍,仁爱,仁慈,捐助,善事,博爱,宽容,恩赐,慈爱
e.g.:  charity school  慈善学校

  Rugen Nan is the managing director general of the bank. We called him Manila  He says the bank is debating how to deal with the two faces of Asia. Economic growth in many countries has been great , 10%/y in China, for example. The bank's member have about 2 trillion dollars in saving that could be invested. Yet, more than 600 million people in Asia ars still without clean water.

单词：

Surpluses: n. 多余，过剩
e.g.: Makeup deficits and increase surpluses   扭亏增盈

Loan:  n. 贷款,借款,贷,债,出借 v. 放款,借款,借贷,贷,借调
e.g.: Student loan   贷学金