本期重点单词阐述：

It + 系动词 + 一段时间 + before引导的句子 在…之前花费多少时间.

keep a watchful eye on 密切主意，留神

retain vt. 保持，保留； endure v. 忍受； maintain vt. 维持，保持，坚持认为；
survive vi. 生存； vt. 活过 … （宾语为某种灾难）。 survive a flood 活过一场洪水。
前缀sur表示过 … ，外，超； vive 表示生活，强调活着

句式：less … than句子前后要平衡结构。

far more than 远远多于，远不止于；也要句子前后平衡结构。

turn up 后面不加宾语表示出现，后面加宾语表示将声音调高，调大；
turn in + 宾语 上缴，交出； turn down 将声音调低，调小；拒绝；
refuse sb. 指直接的回绝； turn sb. down 则指委婉的拒绝；
turn out + 动词不定式 最终证明是，结果是。

arrive vi. 到达，抵达；
rise vi. 升起，升高（侧重指旗帜或太阳升起）；数量的增高（侧重指水位、价位）；
the sun rises in the east and sets in the west 太阳东升西落。
arise vi. 升起，升高，出现，发生（经常与抽象名词联用）。

本期练习题:(请仔细看过上面单词解释再做)

1. The hope, goals, fears and desires __ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.
A alter B shift C transfer D vary

2. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time __ the guards discovered what had happened.
A before B until C since D when

3. Scientists say it may be five or ten years __ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A since B when C after D before

4. In the experiment we kept a watchful eye __ the developments and recorded every detail.
A in B at C for D on

5. There's little chance that mankind would __ a nuclear war.
A retain B endure C maintain D survive

6. They usually have less money at the end of the month than __ at the beginning.
A which is B which was C they have D it is

7. In the course of a day students do far more than just __ classes.
A attend B attended C to attend D attending

8. The French pianist [n. 钢琴师] who had been praised very highly __ to be a great disappointment.
A turned up B turned in C turned out D turned down

9. Many difficulties have __ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel.
A risen B arisen C raised D arrived

10. A completely new situation will __ when the examination system comes into existence.
A arise B rise C raise D arouse

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