总结【慢速VOA】２００８－０７－１７ 【登峰造极031号】


 

Sally Lawrence heads the State Department office responsible for the program. She says students should begin to gather information a year before they want to travel. More than fifty organizations are approved to act as sponsors.

Sally Lawrence领导国务院办公室负责这个项目。她说学生应该在他们想旅游的前一年开始收集信息。超过50个组织批准为主办人。

Sally Lawrence advises students to avoid unapproved an approval groups offering services, and to research a few different sponsors. Sponsors must confirm the English language ability of students and make sure they are currently in school. But sponsors do not all charge the same price for their services.

Sally Lawrence建议学生避免未非许可的组织提供服务，而且要调查几个不同的主办人。主办人必须确认学生的英语水平，确保他们是在校学生。但是各主办人对他们服务的收费是不同的。

Another difference: some sponsors arrange employment and housing for students before they leave home. Others permit students to find their own jobs after they arrive are alive. Sally Lawrence says the first thing to do is to find the list of sponsors on the Web page for J visa exchange programs.

另一个不同是：一些发起者在学生离开家以前为他们安排工作和住房。其他的允许学生在到达后去找他们自己的工作。莎莉劳伦斯说首先要做的是在网页上找到发起者的清单来交换签证。

The address is a little long, but here it is: exchanges. state. gov/education/jexchanges. Click on Designate Sponsor List, then choose Summer Work/Travel under Category Catelogy Description. For more information about the program, go to the main page and click on Private Sector Programs.

网页地址有点长，如下exchanges.state.gov/education/jexchanges。点击“指定主办方名单”，然后选择种类里选择“夏季工作/旅游”项目。要了解更多的信息，可以去主页点击“个人部分”项目。

 1  Category
n. 种类,类项
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

  【慢速VOA译文与总结】２００８－０７－１６（附参考译文）【登峰造极031号】

This week, we answer a question from a student in Odessa Od*,Ukraine U*. Marushka Maluchka wants to know about a program that lets foreign students work in the United States during their summer vacations.The program is called Summer Work/Travel. The State Department administers it for full-time college or university students who speak English well.
本周我们来回答一个来自乌克兰Odessa学生的问题. 这名叫Marushka的学生想知道外国学生利用暑假来美国打工的一些情况. 这个计划名叫夏日打工旅行，州部门管理此计划，以提供与全日制大学，能说一口好英语的学生。

Students come on a J-one exchange visa. They can work for up to four months during their school break.They generally work in service jobs in stores, resorts, hotels, restaurants and amusement parks. But summer internships are also permitted.
学生们依据一种J-1的交流签证，他们可以在学校放假期间工作长达四个月的时间，一般是在商店、度假村、酒店、餐厅及游乐公园等从事服务工作。但夏季实习也同样获准。

"Summer" in this case means summer in the student's country. Those from south of the equator equetor come to the United States during the northern winter. Students cannot work as housekeepers in private homes or be involved in patient care. And they are supposed to be paid the same as Americans.
在这种情况下，“夏天”是指这些学生本国的夏天。赤道以南的学生在北半球的冬天时来到美国，他们不能在私营安老院作管家，或参与照顾病人，并且要获得与美国人相同的报酬。

Congress created this popular program under a nineteen sixty-one law laws, the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act. Last year, one hundred fifty thousand students came to the United States this way. Students can do the Summer Work / Travel program more than once.
美国国会在1961年美国共同教育和文化交流法案的基础上设立这个受欢迎的项目。去年，15万学生以这种方式来到美国。学生们可以多次参与该项目。


1 Odessa
敖德萨(苏联港市)
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

2 Ukraine
n. [国名]乌克兰
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

3 equator
n. 赤道
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

总结【慢速VOA】２００８－０７－１５【登峰造极031号】


The findings appear in July's Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine.Hand washing can prevent the spread of many infections. Hand washing is especially important before and after preparing food, before eating and after using the toilet. People should wash their hands after cleaning a baby and after handling animals or animal waste.

研究报告发表在七月的少年儿童医药杂志上，洗手可以阻止许多疾病的传染， 尤其重要的做饭前后以及饭前、便后进行洗
手。人们应该在给宝宝清洗完之后，抱过动物或是处理完动物粪便之后进行洗手。

Hand washing is also a good idea after handling money and after sneezing or coughing. And wash hands often when someone at home is sick.
手接触过钱，打完喷嚏或是咳嗽后都应该洗手，如果家里面有人生病时就更应常洗手。

Experts say the most effective way to wash is to rub the hands together while using soap and warm water. They say you do not need special atiibactarial soap. Be sure to rub all areas of the hands for about ten to fifteen seconds. The rubbing action helps remove germs. Then rinse rince the hands with clean water and dry them.

专家说，洗手最有效的方法就是用温水把香皂涂在手上，然后两只手不停的互相搓洗。他们说，洗手不需要特别的除菌香皂。确保手的每一个部位都被洗到，并且要搓洗10到15秒。搓洗的这一动作可以帮助去除细菌。然后用干净水冲洗并烘干。当使用基于酒精的手部除菌剂洗手时就不再需要香皂和水了。

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are rubbed into the hands and do not require soap and water. Experts say these products must contain at least 60% alcohol to be effective. Professor Tielsch says hand sanitizers are OK for mothers to use but should not be used on babies' skin.

专家说这种产品必须含有60%的酒精才会有效，Tielsch教授说这种手部除菌剂对母亲们是没有伤害的，但是不能用于婴儿的皮肤。


rinse
n. 清洗,润丝,洗刷
vt. 以清水冲洗,漱,漂清
vi. 漂净
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

总结【慢速VOA】２００８－０７－１４  【登峰造极031号】

A new study in rural Nepal shows the value of washing hands with soap and water in preparation for child birth. Researchers found that hand washing by birth attendants and mothers increased the chances that babies would survive their first month.

 

一项在尼泊尔农村进行的研究表明用肥皂洗手对于保护刚出生的婴儿非常有用。研究人员发现医护人员和母亲洗手可以大大增加婴儿在头个月的存活概率。

The study showed that the risk of death was 19% lower when birth attendants washed their hands before delivery, and the risk of death was 44% lower when mothers washed their hand before they touched their baby.

研究显示，如果医护人员洗手，则降低19%的婴儿死亡概率，如果目前也洗手，则降低44%的婴儿死亡概率。

Researchers from the Johns Hopkins BBloomberg loober school of Public Health in the United States did the study. They observed more than 23000 newborns new bourns, almost all were born at home or on the way to a the medical centre.

该项调查是由来自美国Johns Hopkins Bloomberg公众健康学校的调查员实施的。他们观查了23，000多名新生儿，几乎所有的都是在家里或是在送往医疗中心的路上出生的。


The study says that just 53% of birth attendants reported washing their hands with soap and water before delivery, and only 50% of matters reported washing their hands before handling handing their newborn, more than 30000 newborns die each year in Nepal. Researcher James Tielsch T* says the finding suggest that hand washing could prevent many of these deaths.

研究显示，只有53%的接生人员在接生前用肥皂洗手。15%的妈妈们在抱孩子之前洗过手。在尼泊尔每年有超过30，000名新生儿死亡。

The Bloomberg bloober professor noted that several studies have shown that a mother's hand washing can reduce the risk of diarrhea in young children. But he says this was one of the first to examine the effects of hand washing on the first month after birth.

Bloomberg的教授注意到一些研究已经表明母亲洗手可以降低孩子得痢疾的风险。但是他说，这只是孩子出生的第一个月中洗手所产生影响的第一项测试。

diarrhea
n. 痢疾
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

 【英超联赛】610
 

The American civil rights leaders Jesse Jackson has apologized for what he called “regretfully crude ” remarks he made about the Democratic presidential contender Barack Obama. While awaiting to appear on the FOX news. Mr. Jackson whispered to a the fellow guest “I want to cut his nuts off ” for talking taking down to the black people. Mr. Jackson are unaware on the way his microphone was switched down on .Mr. Obama has accepted Mr. Jackson's apology. Oliver Conway reports.

Jesse Jackson made the comments in on what he thought was with a the private conversation with a fellow guest before a television interview. He was criticizing creating Barack Obama for what he called “ speaking down to the black people ”during his recent speeches in black churches on morality. Reverend Revent Jackson says there are the other important issues to be addressed in the black communities, such as unemployment, the mortgage crisis and the numbers of blacks in prison. But he has now apologized for what he called “ crude sound bite”. 

美国黑人人权领袖Jesse Jackson为其对民主党总统竞选人Barack Obama所做的粗鄙言论表示道歉。Jackson在等待出席Fox新闻时，与另一名嘉宾谈到Obama贬低黑人的言行，他轻声说“我想给点眼色他看看”。这句话贬低了黑人。Jackson先生没有意识到话筒是开着的。Obama先生已经接受了Jesse Jackson的道歉。Oliver Conway发来报道。

 

Jesse Jackson在接受电视台采访前发表此番言论，他认为这是他与另一名嘉宾之间的私人谈话。而且在最近的黑人教堂演讲中，用轻视的口吻批评了Barack Obama。尊敬的Jackson表示还有其他重要的问题需要在黑人社会中说明，比如事业问题，次贷危机和监狱中的黑人数量,但是他现在已经就其“直播中粗鲁的语言”做了道歉。

1 Reverend
adj.
（对牧师的尊称，前面与the连用）尊敬的
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

 

总结VOA 07-12-23【慢速七彩魔法球活动136号学号】

 

We talked last week about ways to avoid hypothermia and other cold-weather injuries. Today we are going to talk about emergency treatment.Hypothermia can be mild, moderate or severe. Mild hypothermia is something that most people who live in cold climates have experienced. You feel so cold that your body starts to shake, not very much but uncontrollably.
我们上周说了避免体温过低和其他低温伤害的方法。今天，我们要谈谈紧急治疗。体温过低可以分为轻度，中度和严重。大部分居住在寒冷气候地区的人们都体验过轻度的体温过低。你觉得很冷，你的身体开始颤抖，虽不严重，但却不可控制。

The treatment for mild hypothermia starts with getting out of the cold, and changing into dry clothes if necessary. Drinking warm, non-alcoholic liquids and eating something sugary can stop the shivering. Taking a warm bath or sitting by a fire or doing some exercise can also help the body warm up. These are all common sense treatments.
治疗轻度低体温要从远离寒冷开始，必要的话，换上干的衣服。喝热的非酒精液体，吃一些含糖的食物可以停止颤抖。洗一个温水澡，坐在火炉旁，或者做一些锻炼可以帮助身体热起来。这些都是常规的治疗方法。

But the treatment changes when people enter the moderate or severe stages of hypothermia. Their body temperature drops below thirty-five degrees Celsius. They lose the ability to think clearly. Their muscles become stiff. They might bump into things or fall over objects.
但是当人们进入中度或者严重“降低体温”的阶段治疗方法发生改变。他们的身体体温降低到35摄氏度以下。他们失去了思考清晰的能力。他们的肌肉开始僵持。他们可能撞到东西上或者摔到物体上。

Adrienne Freeman is a park ranger at Yosemite National Park in California. She is part of the Yosemite Search and Rescue team.
Adrienne Freeman是位于California，约塞米蒂国家公园的森林管理员。她是Yosemite救援队的成员。

1 hypothermia
n. 低体温
【医】 低温, 降温
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

2 Yosemite
(=National Park) (美国加利福尼亚州中部)约塞米蒂国家公园
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

posted @ 2007-12-23 17:03 neecle 阅读(25) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏

 

总结VOA 07-12-22【慢速七彩魔法球活动136号学员】

The Global Text Project is similar in technology to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit on the Internet. But only one or two people will be able to make the final edits in texts. The project includes a committee of scholars, mostly from developing countries to advise on required textbooks and their content.
全球教科书项目在技术上与维基百科很象，维基百科是一部免费的百科全书可以被任何人在网上编辑。但是只有一两个人才有权校订教科书的最终版本。该项目拥有一个学者组成的委员会对要求的教科书校订并且选择内容，委员大部分来自发展中国家。
Globaltext. org has a link to the Prototype Global Text Library with two books on information systems and economic analysis. Other free texts on subjects including linear algebra and oceanography are also available at globaltext. org.
Globaltext.org有链接到全球原型教科书图书馆，该馆有2本关于信息系统和经济分析的书。globaltext.org上还提供其他免费的教科书，包括线性代数和海洋学。

The group's first book on information systems is being tested in Ethiopia and Indonesia. Professor Watson says the plan is to offer about ten free books within the next year including an English grammar text.
该项目组的第一本有关信息系统的书正在埃塞俄比亚及印度尼西亚试用。Watson教授表示，在未来一年内计划将提供10本免费课本，其中包括一本英语语法课本。

Project organizers also want to offer textbooks in Arabic, Chinese and Spanish. They are working with a translation company in the United States. And Professor Watson says students could also get involved. For example, a student learning English in an Arabic country could translate part of a book into Arabic. Then another student and the class professor could check the translation.
项目策划者同样希望能提供阿拉伯语，中文及西班语方面的教科书。他们正与美国的一家翻译公司合作。Watson表示学生们也可参与进来。例如，阿拉伯国家一个学习英语的学生可以将教材的部分翻译为阿拉伯文，之后其它学生和班级教师可对此进行校正。

１　wikipedia
维基百科，英文名为Wikipedia，自由的百科全书。它是一种基于Wiki的百科全书，是一个自由、免费、内容开放的百科全书协作计划，参与者来自世界各地,目前已经成长为全球最大的网络百科全书。
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

 总结VOA 07-12-21【慢速七彩魔法球活动136号学员】

 

Books are a high cost of higher education. But the Global Text Project hopes to create a free library of one thousand electronic textbooks for students in developing countries.The aim is to offer subjects that students may take in their first few years at a university. The books could be printed or read on a computer or copied onto a CD or DVD.
书是高等教育中的一项高额费用.但"全球教科书项目"希望能为发展中国家的学生们建立一个拥有一千本教科书的免费图书馆。其宗旨是为学生们提供一些他们在上大学的最初几年可能需要用到的教科书.这些书可以打印出来，也可以在电脑上阅读，或是复制到CD或DVD上面。

Two professors in the United States are leading the Global Text Project. Richard Watson is the acting head of the department of management information systems at the University of Georgia. And Donald McCubbrey is a professor of information technology and electronic commerce at the University of Denver, in Colorado.
两位美国教授目前正负责全球课本项目。Richard Watson是Georgia大学管理信息系统系的执行主任。Donald McCubbrey是科罗拉多州丹佛大学信息技术与电子商务系的教授。

Professor Watson tells us that the idea for this project goes back several years. He was teaching a computer programming class but did not have a good textbook. So he asked his students to each write part of a book that he would organize and edit.
Watson教授告诉我们该计划的构想追溯到几年前。他那时在教授计算机程序课程，但是没有好多的课本。所以他要求他的学生每个人写一部分书的内容，他最后组织编辑内容。

By the end of the term, Professor Watson had a finished product. Since then he has used it for other classes. Now, Professors Watson and McCubbrey are seeking volunteers to supervise the creation of books for the library. They are looking for professors or other professionals.
到了学期末,Watson教授就有了一本完整的教材。从此以后，他在其它教室也使用这本教材.如今，Watson和McCubbrey教授正在寻求志愿者来监督指导图书馆藏书的创建。他们需要教授或其他专业人士.

1 Georgia
n. 乔治亚州
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）

posted @ 2007-12-21 21:03 neecle 阅读(24) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏

 

总结VOA 07-12-20【慢速七彩魔法球活动136号学员】

The White House says as many as one million two hundred thousand homeowners could receive assistance under the plan. They could be helped in one of three ways, depending on their situation.
美国政府表示，将有整整120万房屋所有者能得到该计划的援助。根据他们的处境，可以得到以下三种援助方式中的一种。

One (way) is by refinancing an existing loan into a new private mortgage. Another is by moving their mortgage into a loan secured by the Federal Housing Administration. And the third way is by freezing their current interest rate for five years.
第一种方式是通过重组现有贷款成为一种新的个人抵押贷款。另一种是通过联邦住房管理署将他们的抵押贷款转移为一种可靠的贷款。第三种是冻结现行的利息五年。

The plan is only for loans that were started between January of two thousand five and July of this year and that have not reset already. Borrowers must be living in the home and facing a payment increase of ten percent or more. Democrats in Congress say the plan does not do enough to protect homeowners. Yet some critics say it does too much, helping people who borrowed more than they should have.
这项计划只提供给自2005年1月起到本年7月份的贷款。贷款者必须是已入住并面临着贷款增长10%或更多的情况。国会民主党派人士称这项计划不足以来保护住房者。然而评论家称这项计划已经大大帮助了那些贷款者。

Not only that, subprime loans were sold to investors worldwide as mortgage-related securities. Some investors could go to court to try to stop the loans from being renegotiated. But with the current troubles in the housing and credit markets, they may have to settle for whatever they can get.
不仅如此，次级贷款作为与抵押贷款相关的抵押品被出售给全世界的投资者。一些投资者可能会上诉法院来设法阻止这些正在重新商谈的贷款。但就目前房地产和信用市场所处的困境而言，他们也许不得不想一想他们会得到什么。


1 White House [简明英汉词典]
n.白宫, 美国政府的行政机关

2 refinancing [简明英汉词典]
[rifi5nAnsiN]
重新募集资金
 发行新债取代旧债

总结VOA 07-12-19【慢速七彩魔法球活动136号学员】

Imagine that you want to buy a house but are not sure you could meet the monthly payments. Your credit history is considered subprime -- not good enough for the lowest interest rates available. But a broker who finds lenders for homebuyers offers you a deal. A loan with payments low enough to fit your budget. After two or three years, however, your payments will go up, possibly thirty percent or more. Do you accept?
想象一下你想买一栋房子但是不确定能否满足每月偿付。你的信用纪录被认为是可享受次级贷款的，就是不够格享有最低借贷利率。但是一个经纪人在寻找房屋购买的借贷人，因而能给你优惠。债务的偿付足够低可以符合你的预算。在两三年后，你的偿付金额却提供了大概30%或更多。你能接受吗？

In the United States, an estimated two million subprime adjustable-rate mortgages are expected to reset higher in the next two years. These loans make up about seven percent of all mortgages. But now many of the owners are in danger of losing their homes because of rising payments.
在美国，大约两百万次级可调利率贷款将会在未来两年调高利率。这些贷款约占贷款总量的7%。但是因还款额度提高，现在许多贷款人面临失去他们住房的危险。

Last week, President Bush announced a plan to help some people with subprime loan troubles. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson brought together a new private alliance called HOPE NOW. He and other government officials met with lenders, loan servicers, investors and others to work out terms of the plan.
上周，布什总统宣布了一个帮助有次级贷款烦恼人的计划。财政秘书Henry Paulson建立了一个新独立联盟，名叫“HOPE NOW”。他和其他的政府官员会见了借贷者、贷款服务公司、投资者和其他的人，共同商讨计划的细则。

The goal is to help families keep their homes -- and help avoid further injury to the already weak housing market. Lenders generally do not want to be in the business of selling houses reclaimed through foreclosure.
其目标就是帮助各家庭继续拥有他们的家，并且避免对已经疲软的住房市场带来更多的伤害。借贷人通常并不想通过取消抵押品赎回权来销售收回的房屋。


1 subprime
Subprime lending（或者Subprime loan），中文可译作“次级贷款”。次级贷款是银行或贷款机构提供给那些不具备资格享受Prime rate（优惠利率）贷款的客户的一种贷款
（沪江在线词典：Dict.hjenglish.com）