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36 volunteers in South Africa will test the safety of an African-developed vaccine against H.I.V. The tests are the first step in human clinical trials of 2 vaccine candidates developed at the University of Cape Town.
南非的36名志愿者将就南非研制的抗HIV疫苗的安全性志愿被测试。这个测试是开普敦大学对两名疫苗志愿者进行真人临床试验的第一步。

These experimental AIDS vaccines are the first from Africa to reach testing in people. The National Institutes of Health in the United States provided assistance. Testing with 12 people began earlier this year in Boston, Massachusetts.
这些实验用的艾滋病疫苗是非洲第一次用来对人体进行试验。美国国家卫生研究院提供了援助。今年年初就在曼彻斯特的波士顿对十二名志愿者进行试验。

South Africa has more than 5,000,000 people infected with H.I.V., the largest number of any country.
南非有多于5000000的人被HIV病毒感染，是世界上所有国家中最多的人数的地方。

South Africa launched the tests last week as the International AIDS Society held a conference in Cape Town. Other human trials of possible vaccines are taking place around the world. Scientists hope to get some results later this year.
上周，国际爱滋病协会在开普敦举办了新闻发布会，且南非开始了这些实验。其他的疫苗人体实验也在全球展开。科学家们希望在今年晚些时候可以取得一些成果。

But during last week's conference, experts reported the first decrease in international financing for AIDS vaccine research. They say funding dropped from about $930,000,000 in 2007 to 870,000,000 last year.
但是上周会议上，专家报告了艾滋病疫苗研究国际经费首次下降。他们说资金由2007年的9.3亿美金下降到去年的8.7亿美金。

And some Kindle users got a shock last week. They were surprised to find that copies of 2 books disappeared from their devices. These were 99-cent versions of George Orwell's "1984" and "Animal Farm."
一些Kindle电子阅读器的用户在上周吃惊的发现，有两本书的复制本从他们的阅览器上消失了。这两本书分别是售价均为99美分的George Orwell的《1984》和《动物农场》。

Bloggers have had fun pointing out that "1984" is largely about censorship -- the suppression of information in a society led by Big Brother. Amazon explained that it did not have the rights to the books, so it erased them and returned the people's money.
博主们有趣地指出，《1984》的消失主要是因为老大哥所领导的社会对信息的压制和审查。亚马逊则解释它并没有这两本书的权利来出售，所以它把这两本书消去了并归还了买书者的钱。

This week, Barnes & Noble, the world's largest bookseller, launched what it calls the world's largest e-bookstore. People can read the books on the Apple iPhone and other handheld devices and personal computers. They can also download over a half million books available free from Google. The Internet search company is putting books online that are no longer protected by copyright.
本周，世界上最大的图书销售商Barnes & Noble推出了电子书店，并称之为世界最大。人们可以在苹果的iPhone、其他手持设备和个人电脑上读书。人们还可以免费从谷歌上下载超过50万的可以获得的书。谷歌正把那些不再有版权保护的书发到网上。

But last October, Google reached a 125-million-dollar legal settlement to also make parts of some copyrighted books available. That deal with 2 groups of writers and publishers has raised competition issues. The Justice Department is now investigating. Also, the European Commission plans hearings in September on how European writers might be affected.
但是去年10月，谷歌达成了一个价值1.25亿美元的法律调解，同时也获得了一些有版权的书籍的解释权。这个事件涉及到两组作者和出版商引发的竞争问题。美国司法部目前正在进行调查。另外，欧洲委员会也计划在9月份就欧洲作家是否可能受到影响举行听证会。

These days, instead of turning paper pages, many readers reach for handheld devices. These electronic readers not only store books to show on a screen, they can also read them out loud.
这些天，很多读者开始使用手提设备来代替翻书。这些电子读者不仅可以在屏幕上储存书，还可以把书大声的读出来。

This month, Amazon lowered the price of its Kindle reader by $60 to just under $300. The device can download books wirelessly from a store on Amazon's Web site. Most new releases and bestsellers cost $9.99. Newspapers, magazines and other services are available for a monthly charge.
这个月， 亚马逊把Kindle阅读器降价了60美元，降到正好在300美元以下。这个设备可以无线的从亚马逊官方网站上下载图书。大多数新书和榜单上的书下载需要耗费9.99美元。报纸，杂志和其他服务可以通过月租来实现。

Buyers of e-books get a good deal: Traditional hardcover books often cost around $25. But what about book publishers and writers? Their concerns about profits are like the ones voiced as the Internet began to change the music industry. Many e-books are already selling for 99 cents.
对于电子书的卖者们来说这是一个好选择：传统的精装书的价格一般在25美元左右。但是对于图书出版商好作者们来说又如何呢？他们担心其中的利润，这和当初互联网开始改变音乐业的时候一样。许多电子书的售价已经只有99美分了。

You could fill a store with all the energy drinks now available. They promise to make people feel more energetic and think more clearly. These products have names like Red Bull, Monster, Ripped Force, Speed Stack and 5-Hour Energy. They appeal mainly to young people and are fueled mainly by caffeine.
现在，你可以发现商店里堆满了各种各样的功能饮料。这些饮料保证说可以使人更有精力、更清晰。这些产品有红牛、怪兽、Ripped Force、Speed Stack 以及5-Hour Energy。它们吸引的主要是年轻人，主要利用咖啡因来提神。

Chad Reissig at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, is a medical researcher who studies drug dependence. He says the team he works on get interested in studying energy drinks because of the explosion in their popularity in the last few years.
马里兰巴尔的摩约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的Chad Reissig是一名主要对毒品的依赖性进行研究的医学研究人员。他说他工作的研究小组开始对功能饮料进行研究，原因是近几年功能饮料十分流行。

He says the researchers found 3 major things. 1: there are hundreds of brands of energy drinks in most major countries. 2: the drinks are not clearly labeled with enough information. And 3: the amount of caffeine varies greatly. Some contain as little as 50 milligrams, others as much as 500.
他说，研究人员发现了三个主要情况。1：在大部分国家，功能饮料有数百个品牌。2：这些饮料的标签上都没有标明足够的信息。3：咖啡因含量差别很大。有些含量少至50毫克，而有些则高达500毫克。