Unit 1 Listening Notes

 

orientation meeting.（介绍会）指学校综合情况.

就是方向周,就是大家和导师见个面,大家聊聊天,把握学习方向的

1. At the orientation meeting, every new student received a handout of do’s and don’t’s for them.

在培训会上，每个新生都收到一张他们应该遵循的行为规范的单子

2. As soon as possible after employment, new full-time employees assigned to job and to attend an orientation meeting.

一旦任用后，新进正式员工就会分派工作并参加新进员工简介训练。

pyjamas [pi'dʒɑ:məz] n. 睡衣

underwear 内衣裤

bathrobe 浴衣

shorts 短裤

1. At bedtime, I take off my clothes and put on pyjamas.

在上床的时候，我脱掉衣服并穿上睡衣。

2. No rational person would go to work in his pyjamas.

任何神志正常的人都不会穿着睡衣去上班.

swot [swɔt]n. 刻苦学习的人v. 苦读

I shall have to swot the skill up before I can teach it.

我得先将这门技能刻苦仔细地学到手，然后才能教授它。

gear [giə]

n. 齿轮,传动装置,工具,用具

v. 以齿轮连起,配搭活动,安排

gear to朝向使适合把...连到...上 gear to

1. Our effort is gear to a higher level of production.

我们调整力量将生产推向更高的水平。

2. Many are ill-prepared in skills or gear to handle the situation.

他们中的大多数都因为技巧和装备上的问题而无法应对这种情况。

frown on v. 表示不满(不赞许)

He would frown on such a proposal.

他不会赞成这样的建议。

Many doctors frown on a diet which has a lot of fat.

许多医生都不赞成饮食中脂肪含量过高。

 Many of his Republican colleagues are abandoning him, either because they disapprove of infidelity (Mr Craig is married) or because they frown on homosexuality.

他的许多共和党同僚正离他而去，或因其不忠（克雷格已婚），或因为反对同性恋。

  infidelity [,infi'deliti] n. 不信神,无信仰,背信 . 不忠实

His wife has winked at his infidelity for years.

他多年来对妻子不忠, 妻子也只装作不知情.

Infidelity appears to be on the rise, particularly among older men and young couples.

外遇比率看起来正在增加，尤其是老夫少妻之间。

prestigious [,pres'ti:dʒəs] adj. 享有声望的,声望很高的

notorious 臭名昭著的(国外娱乐业尤其是面对年轻人的,越坏越流行)

Opportunities may come up at prestigious affairs.

双鱼座：机遇会出现在富有声望的事情上。

My dream of getting into a prestigious college came true.

我上名牌大学的梦想实现了。

 

UNIT 1 PART 6 SENTENCE TRANSLATION

I wouldn’t ask you if it wasn’t important, but could you possibly baby-sit for us tm everning?

我译：我不知道什么是重要的事，但是明天下午可以为我看管孩子吗？

答案：如果事情不要紧，我不会找你帮忙，明晚能否替我照看一下孩子？

You could leave it here at reception, if it’s not too big, or you could take it with you to the station and put it in one of the lockers here.储物柜

我译：你可以把东西寄放在前台，如果不是特别大，也可以把它锁在车站。

答案：东西要是体积不大，可以寄放在旅馆接待处；要么你就随身带到车站，把它放进那儿的储物箱里。

Shares on the LDSX trade sharply lower than Friday, undermined by turmoil on bond and currency market.

我译：星期五伦敦证券交易所股票骤降，。。。。。。伦敦货币市场。

答案：受债券和货币市场波动的影响，伦敦证券交易所量与星期五相比大幅下降。

Expenditures on clothing, durable consumer goods, recreation, health care and transport all increased, while housing conditions improved for city dwellers.

我译：人们在日常耐用品，交通，卫生上的开支越来越多，市民的这种条件怎样 去改善？

答案：在衣着，耐用消费品，娱乐，保健和交通方面的支出有所增加，同时城镇居民的住房条件也得到了改善。

The World Bank urged Asian countries to speed the development for their domestic bond markets to meet the huge demand for public works financing.

我译：世界银行促使亚洲等国加快国内股票市场的发展，满足公共融资的需求。

答案：世界银行敦促亚洲各国加快国内证券市场的发展，以满足市政工程筹资的巨大需求。

2009-6-25 VOA-2

奥巴马谴责伊朗“不义之举”

 Obama Condemns 'Unjust Actions' in Iran

美国总统奥巴马谴责他所说的伊朗压制政治示威的“不义之举”。

奥巴马星期二在白宫说，美国和国际社会对于那些威胁、殴打和监禁行为感到惊骇和震怒。

他说，美国并非在干涉伊朗内政，但是美国强烈谴责暴力行动，伊朗人也享有普世的集会和言论自由的权利。

President Barack Obama has condemned what he called the "unjust actions" against political demonstrators in Iran.

At the White House Tuesday, Mr. Obama said the United States and the international community have been appalled and outraged by the threats and the beatings and imprisonments.

He said the U.S. is not interfering in Iranian affairs, but that the U.S. strongly condemns the violence and that Iranians have a universal right to assembly and free speech.

Notes:

Condemn 谴责

Demonstratorsn. 示威者

appall[ə'pɔ:l] v. 使...胆寒,使...惊骇

appalling 惊人的

1. The sight appalled me.

那景象使我心惊胆战。

2. I can do things for twelve hours that would appall me if I had to keep them up for a lifetime.

一天工作12小时固然很好,如果想到一辈子都得如此,可能会先吓坏我自己。

outraged ['autreidʒəd] adj. 震惊的,义愤填膺的

imprisonment [im'prizənmənt] n. 监禁,下狱,坐牢

1. But if he determines guilt, has the possibility to face 6 month-long imprisonments as well as 2000 US dollars fines, this to the Rocket is not a small loss.

而如果他被定罪，有可能面临6个月的监禁以及2000美元的罚款，这对火箭队来说是个不小的损失。

assembly [ə'sembli] n. 集合,集会,装配

free speech n. 言论自由

公民言论自由（free speech）是《宪法》第35条赋予公民的基本权利之一。新闻自由是由言论自由和出版自由结合而派生出来的一种现代人权。

 

上有天堂，下有苏杭。

In heaven there is a paradise, and on earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou./

As there is the paradise in heaven, so there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.

五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳。

Trips to China’s five great mountains render trips to other mountains unnecessary,

and a trip to Huangshan renders trips to the five great mountains unnecessary.

桂林山水甲天下，阳朔山水甲桂林。

The landscape of Guilin tops those elsewhere,

And Yangshuo landscape tops that of Guilin.

这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。

This temple has a long history dating back to the early periold of the Tang Dynasty.

该城市有全国规模最大、最负盛名的园林。

The city boasts the largest and the most famous garden in the country.

这座殿堂的建筑艺术集中代表了我国宋朝时期的建筑风格。

The architecture of this hall best represents the architectual style of China’s Song Dynasty.

文房四宝

The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study including a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper.

保存完好Well-preserved

独具匠心Ingenious design

青山绿水green hills and clear waters

工艺精湛 exquisite workmanship

湖光山色 landscape of hills and lakes

湖石假山 landside rocks and rockeries

园林建筑garden archetecture

景色宜人，令人心旷神怡 soothing and relaxing vista

2009年6月20日星期六引语 

令则行，禁则止。

Act when ordered, and stop when prohibited.

路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。

The way ahead is long and has no ending; yet high and low I’ll search with my will unbending.

乱则国危，治则国安。

Disorder brings peril to a country, while order brings peace to it.

民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。

The people are the most important element in a state;

next are the god of land and grain;

least is the ruler himself.

敏而好学，不耻下问。

Quick-minded and eager to learn, he is never ashamed to consult his inferiors.

明而动，晦而休，无日以怠。

Work as day breaks, and rest as night falls; never will a day slip away without any accomplishment.

朴素而天下莫能与之争美。

Nothing in the world excels in beauty as simplicity does.

千丈之堤，以蝼蚁之穴溃；百尺之室，以突隙之烟焚。

A long dike will collapse because of an ant-hole in it;

A tall building will be burned down because of a spark from a chimney’s chink.

锲而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。

If you carve but give up half way, even a decayed piece of wood will not break; if you carve without a break, even metal and stone can be engraved.

曲则全，枉则直；洼则盈，敝则新；少则新，多则惑。

To be part is to be whole;

To be bent is to be straight;

To be hollow is to be filled;

To be dilapidated is to be renewed;

To have less is to gain;

To have more is to be confused.

 

人惰而侈则穷，力而俭则富。

Laziness and extravagance make a poor man, while diligence and frugality a rich man.

人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。

Men have sorrow and joy; they part and meet again.

The moon dims and shines; it waxes or wanes.

Nothing is perfect, not even in the olden days.

人之于文学也，犹玉之于琢磨也。

Learning and culture are to a man what polishing and grinding are to jade.

三人行，必有我师焉。

择其善长而从之，其不善者而改之。

Among any three men walking, I will find something to learn for sure.

Their good qualities are to be followed, and their shortcomings are to be avoided.

善学者，假人之长以补其短。

He who is keen in learning takes other people’s fortes to make up his own defects.

善学者尽其理，善行者究其难。

He who is good at learning exhausts the principles.

He who is good at practicing seeks to solve the most difficult problems.

身劳而心安，为之；

利多而义多，为之。

Do what toils the body but eases the mind.

And do what brings less profits but more justice.

石可破也，而不可夺坚；

丹可磨也，而不可夺赤。

A stone may be crushed, but not to be deprived of its hardness;

A cinnabar may be grounded to pieces but not to be deprived of its redness.

士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为己任，不亦重乎？死而后已，不亦远乎？

An educated gentleman cannot but resolute and broad-minded, for he has taken up a heavy responsibility and a long course.

Is it not a heavy responsibility, which is to practice benevolence?

Is it not a long course, which will end only with his death?

士之为人，当理不避其难，临患忘利，遗生行义，视死如归。

A moral intellectual is one who

escapes no danger in face of truth,

discard personal interests in front of disaster,

practices righteousness at the expense of life,

and looks upon death as going home.

逝者如斯夫！不舍昼夜。

The passage of time is just like the flow of water, which goes on day and night.

水火有气而无生，草木有生而无知，禽兽有知而无义；

人有气、有生、有知，亦且有义，故最为天下贵也。

Fire and water possess a spirit but no life,

Grass and trees possess a life but no awareness,

Bird and animals possess awareness but no sense of morality.

Only humans possess spirit, life, awareness, as well as the sense of morality,

Hence the noblest beings in the world.

水之积也不厚，则其负大舟也无力；

风之积也不厚，则其负大翼也无力。

Without sufficient depth, no water can float large boats.

Without sufficient density, no wind can support large birds.

顺天者昌，逆天者亡。

Those who follow the Heaven’s law will flourish and those who go against it will perish.

天生万物，唯人为贵。

Man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters.

天生我才必有用。

Heaven has endowed me with talents for eventual use.

天时不如地利，地利不如人和。

Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people.

天行健，君子以自强不息。

As Heaven’s movement is ever vigorous, so must a gentleman ceaselessly strive along.

虽有佳肴，弗食不知其旨也；

虽有至道，弗学不知其善也；

是故学然后知不足，教然后能自反也；

知困，然后能自强也。

故曰教学相长也。

Delicious as may the food be, one never knows its taste except eating it;

Perfect as may the course be, one never knows its goodness except learning it.

Thus it is after learning that one knows his deficiency, and after teaching one discovers his confusion.

Knowing of his deficiency stimulates him into self-examination;

And discovery of his confusion leads him to self-improving.

That’s why we say teaching and learning encourage each other.

天道亏盈而益谦，地道变盈而流谦，人道恶盈而好谦。

It is the way of Heaven to lessen the full to complement the humble,

And the way of Earth to change the full to replenish the humble,

And the way of Man to hate the full to cherish the humble.

2009年6月18日星期四引语 

见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。

When seeing a man of virtue, try to become his equal;

When seeing a man without virtue, examine yourself not to have the same defects.

江海所以能成为百谷王者，以其善下之。

Rivers and seas can become the kings of valleys because they excel in taking the lower positions.

江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。

The land is so beautiful that it has made countless heroes bow in homeage.

节其流，开其源，而时斟酌焉。

Cut down the expenditure, open up additional resources, and constantly check your finance to make a balance.

举头望明月，低头思故乡。

Raising my head, I see the moon so bright; withdrawn my eyes my nostalgia comes around.

俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。

All are past and gone; we look to this age for truly great men.

君子成人之美，不成人之恶。

A man of virtue helps others to achieve their moral perfection but not their evil conduct.

君子独立不惭于影，独寝不惭于魂。

A righteous man never feels ashamed to face his shadow when standing alone and to face his soul when sleeping alone.

君子苟能无以利害义，则耻辱亦无由至矣。

If a gentleman can be free from temptation of profit at the cost of justice, no shame or disgrace will ever befall him.

君子谋道不谋食，忧道不忧贫。

A righteous man seeks truth, not wealth, and worries about truth, not about dearth.

君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也矣。

A gentleman seeks neither a full belly nor a comfortable home.

Instead, he is quick in action and cautious in speech.

He follows those of virtue in order to rectify himself.

Such a man may indeed be considered fond of learning.

君子之交淡如水，小人之交甘如醴。君子淡以亲，小人甘以绝。

The friendship between men of virtue is light like water, yet richly affectionate;

The friendship between men without virtue is sweet like wine, yet easily broken.

可贵可贱也，可富可贫也，可杀而不可使为奸也。

Noble or humble, rich or poor, a gentleman would rather be killed than be persuaded to do evils.

克勤于邦，克俭于家。

Working diligently for the country and frugally for the family.

劳而不伐，有功而不德，厚之至也。

He is the modest man of all the modest who toils but does not boast it and succeeds but does not credit it.

劳苦之事则争先，饶乐之事则能让。

Strive to the first to bear hardness, and retreat to the last for enjoyment.

老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之 幼。

Respect the aged in one’s own family as well as the aged in other families, and love the young in one’s own family as well as the young in other families.

乐民之乐者，民亦乐其乐；忧民之忧者，民亦忧其忧。

乐以天下，忧以天下，然而大王者未之有也。

When one rejoices in the joy of his people, they will also rejoice in his joy;

When one grieves at the sorrow of his people, they do the same.

He who rules his country is one who occupies himself with concerns for the pleasure and sorrow of all his people.

礼尚往来。往而不来，非礼也。来而不往，亦非礼也。

Propriety demands reciprocity.

It is not propriety to give but not to receive, or vice versa.

两情若是长久时，又岂在朝朝暮暮。

If love between both sides can last for aye, why need they stay together night and day?

  

http://blog.hjenglish.com/lilongshuai 

新闻国家

•  Afghanistan -- 阿富汗 a mountainous landlocked country in central Asia; bordered by Iran to the west and Russia to the north and Pakistan to the east and south; "Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan in 1979"
• Afghanistan is situated in South Asia. The capital of Afghanistan is Kabul. Afghanistan produces handmade rugs for both its local market and exportation; however, because of the political problems over the past twenty years, there is no current information about their exportation status. ...
  
  
•   Kosovo  --科索沃[南斯拉夫自治省名]  former region of the Republic of Serbia; A country in the Balkans, fully named Republic of Kosovo, with capital city Priština.Today the name “Kosovo” applies to a large region of southwestern Serbia.
  
•   Yugoslavia --南斯拉夫
• A region of southwest Yugoslavia bordering on the Adriatic Sea. An ancient Balkan state, it long resisted the Turks and from1910 to1918 was an independent kingdom. Montenegro then joined the newly formed Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which became Yugoslavia after1929.
• 黑山南斯拉夫西南部一地区，位于亚得里亚海沿岸。古代巴尔干国，它长期抵抗土耳其，并于1910至1918年间成为独立王国。后来加入了由塞尔维亚、克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚新组成的王国，这一王国在1929年后成为南斯拉夫
•   Korea   North Korea(Pyongyang) --北韩,北朝鲜North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK),
• North Korea ( in nuclear weapon: North Korea )
• On Oct. 9, 2006, North Korea conducted an underground nuclear test in its northeastern Hamgyŏng Mountains. Western experts estimated the yield as approximately one kiloton, much lower than the initial tests of the other nuclear powers. Chinese officials said that P’yŏngyang informed them in advance that they planned for a test of four kilotons. Over the following year,...
•  Gaza  Israel   Palestine   --加沙(西南亚地中海岸港市,巴勒斯坦的一部分,1967年被以色列占领)
• Gaza Strip: a coastal region at the southeastern corner of the Mediterranean bordering Israel and Egypt; "he is a Palestinian from Gaza"
  Israel --以色列[亚洲]
• Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine
• an ancient kingdom of the Hebrew tribes at the southeastern end of the Mediterranean Sea; founded by Saul around 1025 BC and destroyed by the Assyrians in 721 BC
• Palestine  -- 巴勒斯坦
• a former British mandate on the east coast of the Mediterranean; divided between Jordan and Israel in 1948
• an ancient country in southwestern Asia on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea; a place of pilgrimage for Christianity and Islam and Judaism 
•  India (New Delhi)--.印度[亚洲]
•   Pakistan  --巴基斯坦  Muslim republic that occupies the heartland of ancient south Asian civilization in the Indus River valley; formerly part of India  achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947)
•  
• Iran --伊朗[亚洲]
•  Kuwait --科威特
• a seaport on the Persian Gulf and capital of Kuwait
• an Arab kingdom in Asia on the northwestern coast of the Persian Gulf; a major source of petroleum
•   Saudi Arabia  沙特阿拉伯-an absolute monarchy occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula in southwest Asia; vast oil reserves dominate the economy
  
•   Venezuela 委内瑞拉  a republic in northern South America on the Caribbean  
• Washington   (White House/Oval Office/Pentagon)
•    London
•   (Downing Street 10)
• 唐宁街10
•   Moscow
•   (Kremlin) 克里姆林宫(Kremlin)是1475年在许多义大利工匠的帮助下，历经20年才完成的，至今建筑者的名字和完工日期仍刻在墙上，目前仍是政府的所在地。

来自：http://blog.hjenglish.com/lilongshuai 

 次贷危机： subprime mortgage crisis (SMC)
   地产泡沫： real estate bubble -- 相关：泡沫经济： bubble economy
   经济衰退或萧条： economic recession/ economic declining / economic depression
   经济复苏：economic recovery 
   全球金融危机：Global financial crisis / financial turmoil / meltdown
   利率：interest rate   
   可调整利率： adjustable rate (美国就是因为过分的灵活才。。。) 
   固定利率：fixed rate
   汇率：exchange rate 
   货币升值：appreciation  
   货币贬值： depreciation
   货币发行：note issue
   货币流通：circulation
   抛售美国债：short-selling US treasury bonds （逼美国拿出黄金储备）
   外汇储备：foreign currency reserve   黄金储备： gold reserve
   顺差: favourable balance  / surplus
   逆差: adverse balance / deficit
   房贷： home-loan   投机者： speculator   抛售房产： flip one's house
   信用危机：credit risk / 信用不足： poor credit
   不良贷款：non-performing loan / Bad loan
   救市资金：bailout  （居2008美国热词排行榜首位）
   宏观经济:macroeconomic
   财政刺激:fiscal stimulus
   跨国公司：global corporation
   申请破产：file for bankruptcy
   收购：take over
   股市大跌：crash/nosedive/plummet
   裁员：ax jobs (大刀阔斧的砍)  lay off / cut jobs / 口语委婉可以说 I'm between jobs.
   失业率：unemployment rate
   刺激消费：to stimulate consumption 
   扩大内需：to expand domestic demands
   美联储：Federal Reserve
   贸易保护主义、贸易壁垒：trade protectionism; trade barrier （美国宣扬“买国货”的实质）


   股市下滑（挫）：slide  /  fall  /  slump  / tumble
   经济刺激方案：economic stimulus plan
   道琼斯：Dow Jones Industrial average(INDU) （曾经在近年听力翻译单句中出现过）
   纳斯达克： Nasdaq composite
   汽车商：Automaker  ( GM n Chrysler )
   原油：crude oil 也曾在00年听力新闻中考过
   金价：... an ounce  (注意“一盎司”的连读，很像announce）

2009年6月14日 引语

 

但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。

We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though we are miles apart.

道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。无名，天地之始；有名，万物之母。

The way that can be told of is not an Unvarying way;

The names that can be named are not unvarying names.

It was the nameless that Heaven and the Earth sprang from;

It was the named that nurtured everything between the Heaven and the Earth.

道在天地之间，其大无外，其小无内。

The way fills up the universe.

For its greatness, nothing lies outside it;

For its smallness, nothing lies within it.

得天之道，其事若自然；先天之道，虽立不安。

Following the natural law, everything will go on smoothly.

Disobeying it, even rule established will be upset.

地势坤，君子以厚德载物。

As the Earth’s capacity is to hold, so must a gentleman constantly cultivate virtue in himself to shoulder the world.

独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。

A lonely stranger in a strange land I am cast, I miss my family all the more on every festive day.

笃信好学，守死善道。

Stick to the truth you believe, broaden your knowledge about it, and be ready to die for its realization.

多知而无亲，博学而无方，好多而无定者，君子不与。

The gentleman does not agree with those who know too much but are close to nothing, or learn too broadly but without direction, or love too many but without fixed ones.

二人同心，其利断金。

If two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal.

法不阿贵，绳不绕曲。

法之所加，智者弗能辞，勇者弗能争。

刑过不避大臣，赏善不遗匹夫。

The law does not favor the noble, as an ink line does not yield to the crooked wood.

Wherever the law applies, the wise cannot evade, nor can the brave defy.

Punishment applies to a minister, as rewards apply to a common man.

富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。

It is a true great man whom no money and rank can confuse, no poverty and hardship can shake, and no power and force can suffocate.

公生明，偏生暗。

Impartiality produces clarity and partiality obscurity.

躬自厚而薄责于人。

Be strict with yourself and lenient to others.

苟利社稷，死生以之。

Life or death, I will do whatever I can for the benefit of the county.

贵以贱为本，高以下为基。

The noble takes the humble as its root; the high takes the low as its base.

 

海不辞水，故能成其大；

山不辞土，故能成其高；

明主不厌人，故能成其众；

士不厌学，故能成其圣。

A sea is vast, as it rejects no water.

A mountain is high, as it rejects no rocks.

A wise ruler gathers more people, as he is not tired of meeting people.

A scholar becomes a sage, as he is not tired of learning.

海内存知己，天涯若比邻。

A bosom friend afar brings distance near.

合抱之木，生于毫末；

九层之台，起于垒土；

千里之行，始于足下。

A huge tree that fills one’s arms grows from a tiny seedling;

A nine-storied tower rises from a heap of earth;

A thousand-li journey starts with the first step.

祸兮，福之所倚；福兮，祸之所伏。

Misfortune generates happiness, and happiness breeds misfortune.

见利不亏其义，见死不更其守。

Do not forget righteousness in face of profits, nor alter the moral principles in face of death.

 

 

国际化大都市　　　　　　　　　cosmopolitan city / cosmopolis
大都会　　　　　　　　　　　　metropolitan city/metropolis
旅游热点　　　　　　　　　　　tourist attraction
必游之地　　　　　　　　　　　a must tourist attraction
商务旅游　　　　　　　　　　　business tour
蜜月之旅　　　　　　　　　　　honeymoon trip
旅游旺季　　　　　　　　　　　tourist season
旅游目的地　　　　　　　　　　tourist destination
历史文化名城　　　　　　　　　a well-known historic and cultural city

长江三角洲　　　　　　　　　　the Yangtze River Delta
高架公路　　　　　　　　　　　elevated highway
浦东新区　　　　　　　　　　　Pu dong New Area
自助游　　　　　　　　　　　　DIY tour
纪念品　　　　　　　　　　　　souvenirs
旅行社　　　　　　　　　　　　travel agency
路线　　　　　　　　　　　　　itinerary
导游讲解员　　　　　　　　　　guide interpreter
联合国教科文组织　　　　　    United Nations Educational,  Scientific and Cultural Organization

直辖市　　　　　　　　　　　　municipality directly under Central Government
万国建筑博览　　　　　　　　　exhibition of International Architecture
世界文化遗产保护地　　　　　　World Heritage Sites(WHS)
天下奇观　　　　　　　　　　　wondrous spectacle
名胜古迹　　　　　　　　　　　famous scenic spots and places of historical interest

古建筑群　　　　　　　　　　　ancient architectural complex
避暑胜地　　　　　　　　　　　summer resort
黄金线路　　　　　　　　　　　hot travel route
标准、豪华游　　　　　　　　　normal/luxury tour
国内游　　　　　　　　　　　　inbound tourism
出境游　　　　　　　　　　　　outbound tourism
旅游黄金周　　　　　　　　　　golden week for tourism
自然保护区　　　　　　　　　　natural reserve/nature preservation zone

随团旅行　　　　　　　　　　　group travel
星级饭店　　　　　　　　　　　star-grade hotel
强迫购物　　　　　　　　　　　forced purchase
多功能厅　　　　　　　　　　　multi-functional hall
亭、台、楼、阁　　　　　　　　pavilion,  terrace,  mansion,  tower
长廊　　　　　　　　　　　　　corridor
湖石假山　　　　　　　　　　　lakeside rocks and rockeries
陵墓　　　　　　　　　　　　　emperor's mausoleum/tomb
塔　　　　　　　　　　　　　　pagoda; tower
坛　　　　　　　　　　　　　　alter
九曲桥　　　　　　　　　　　　zigzag bridge/Bridge of Nine Turnings

古玩店　　　　　　　　　　　　antique/curio shop
世界七大奇迹　　　　　　　　　seven wonders of the world
缩影　　　　　　　　　　　　　miniature
历史文物　　　　　　　　　　　historical relics
发掘　　　　　　　　　　　　　unearth
朝代　　　　　　　　　　　　　dynasty
自然景观　　　　　　　　　　　natural landscape
植物园　　　　　　　　　　　　botanical garden
少数民族　　　　　　　　　　　ethnic minority
西域　　　　　　　　　　　　　western countries
信息港　　　　　　　　　　　　info port; Cyber port

不夜城　　　　　　　　　　　　ever-bright city
主题公园　　　　　　　　　　　theme park
原始森林　　　　　　　　　　　virgin forest
园林建筑　　　　　　　　　　　garden architecture
江南水乡　　　　　　　　　　　the South of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River
鱼米之乡　　　　　　　　　　　land of honey and milk
古董　　　　　　　　　　　　　antique
工艺　                                                workmanship

手工艺　　　　　　　　　　　　craftsmanship
滑雪胜地　　　　　　　　　　　skiing resort
国家公园　　　　　　　　　　　national park
后裔　　　　　　　　　　　　　descendant
要塞　　　　　　　　　　　　　fort
城堡　　　　　　　　　　　　　castle
山区　　　　　　　　　　　　　mountainous region
盆地　　　　　　　　　　　　　basin
丝绸之路　　　　　　　　　　　the Silk Road
野生动物园　　　　　　　　　　safari park
水族馆　　　　　　　　　　　　aquarium
观光电梯　　　　　　　　　　　sightseeing lift
金贸大厦　　　　　　　　　　　Jin Mao Tower
世博会　　　　　　　　　　　　World Exposition
渡轮　　　　　　　　　　　　　ferryboat
游轮　　　　　　　　　　　　　cruise
盛典　　　　　　　　　　　　　pageantry
公共交通　　　　　　　　　　　public transit
往返旅行　　　　　　　　　　　round trip
长途汽车　　　　　　　　　　　long distance coach
时差　　　　　　　　　　　　　jet lag
出租车　　　　　　　　　　　　taxi/cab
免下车银行　　　　　　　　　　drive-in bank
国际驾照　　　　　　　　　　　international driver's license

汽车旅馆　　　　　　　　　　　motel
前台　　　　　　　　　　　　　reception desk
健身房　　　　　　　　　　　　gym
住宿　　　　　　　　　　　　　accommodation
入住　　　　　　　　　　　　　check in
退房　　　　　　　　　　　　　check out
卡拉OK　　　　　　　　　　　 karaoke
闭路电视　　　　　　　　　　　closed-circuit television
公寓式酒店　　　　　　　　　　apartment hotel
小旅馆、招待所　　　　　　　　hostel
直达航班　　　　　　　　　　　non-stop flight
增值税　　　　　　　　　　　　Value Added Tax(VAT)

山林小屋　　　　　　　　　　　lodge
高原反应　　　　　　　　　　　altitude stress
大堂　　　　　　　　　　　　　lobby
套房　　　　　　　　　　　　　suite
轻轨　　　　　　　　　　　　　proline/LRT
磁悬浮列车　　　　　　　　　　maglev train
头等舱　　　　　　　　　　　　first class
经济舱　　　　　　　　　　　　coach class

商务舱                      　　　　　　  business class
人生意外伤害险　　　　　　　　PAI(personal accident insurance)
保存完好　　　　　　　　　　　well-preserved
湖光山色　　　　　　　　　　　landscape of lakes and hills
陡峭的　　　　　　　　　　　　precipitous
如画的　　　　　　　　　　　　picturesque
琳琅满目　　　　　　　　　　　an eyeful of goodies
流连忘返　　　　　　　　　　　too delighted to leave

吉利的　　　　　　　　　　　　propitious
宏伟的　　　　　　　　　　　　majestic
蜿蜒曲折　　　　　　　　　　　winding,  zigzagging
无边无际　　　　　　　　　　　boundless ,  endless
心旷神怡　　　　　　　　　　　soothed and relaxed
庄严肃穆　　　　　　　　　　　solemn
优雅的　　　　　　　　　　　　graceful/elegant/exquisite/delicate

诱人景色　　　　　　　　　　　inviting views
悬崖绝壁　　　　　　　　　　　cliff/precipice
仙境　　　　　　　　　　　　　wonderland
烟波浩渺　　　　　　　　　　　a wide expanse of misty waters
雄伟险峻　　　　　　　　　　　precipitous

奇花异草　                    exotic flowers and herbs
波光鳞鳞                     sparkling
苍松翠柏                     green pines and cypresses  
层峦叠嶂                     range upon range of mountains the hues rise around

姹紫嫣红                     a blaze of bright colours / colourful
崇山峻岭                     steep mountains    
传移景幻                     Each turn of the belt afford different scenery
纯洁                         purity
雕梁画栋                     carved beams and painted pillars
洞天福地                     scenery of exceptional charm
阴云避日                     over cast

飞流急湍                     whirl pools and rapids
峰回路转                     the path running twist among the peaks
高超工艺                     exquisite workmanship
古香古色                     be of antique beauty
华丽的                       gorgeous
极目远眺                     look as far as the eye can see
金碧辉煌                     splendid and magnificent
尽收眼底                     hold a panoramic view
惊叹不已                     be marveled / marvel at
惊涛拍岸                     ranging waves pond on the banks

乐不思蜀                     too delighted to be homesick 
玲珑剔透                     exquisitely carved
绿水清山                     green hills and clear waters
掮客骚人                     manive letters
奇峰异石                     picturesque peaks and rocks
奇珍异宝                     real treasure
巧妙设计                     well designed
青山不断                     green hill rode on endlessly

清澈见底                     limpid
曲折                         tortuous
群山环抱                     surrounded by mountains
日出日落的壮丽景色           the glory of the sunrise or sunset
如诗的                       poetic
山峦叠翠                     range upon the range of green hills
山水风光                     scenery with mountains and rivers/landscape

闪闪发光                     glittering / sparking / twinkling
赏心悦目                     delightful
天方夜谭                     the Arabian Nights
天下奇观                     wonder/marvelous spectacle
蜿蜒流淌的河水               winding river
威然屹立                     towering
蔚为壮观                     splendid,  spectacular
闻名遐迩                     known far and wide/famous/world renowned

无法抗拒的                   overpowering
熙熙攘攘                     crowded,  hustle and bustle
鲜花盛开                     flowers in blossom
相映成趣                     form delightful contrast
心旷神怡                     complete relax and happy
绚丽多姿                     colorful
一览无余                     hold all views in sight / in a single gloms

依山傍水                     nestling under a mountain and near a river
意犹未尽                     lingering around
郁郁葱葱                     luxuriously green
枝繁叶茂                     luxuriant
庄严                         grandeur
壮丽景色                     spectacular scene

忽明忽暗幻影叠显             mysterious veiled in mountain mist
船行水上，人游画中           people tour in picture while boating sail on water
上有天堂，下有苏杭           In Heaven,  there is paradise; and on earth, 

there is Suzhou and Hangzhou

五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳 trips to china’s five great mountains trips to other mountains unnecessary,  and trips to Huangshan trips to five great mountains unnecessary

桂林山水甲天下，阳朔山水甲桂林    Guilin landscape tops those elsewhere,  and Yangshuo landscape tops that of Guilin

五岳                         China’s five great secret/divine mountains
天下第一奇山                 the most fantastic mountain under haven

黄山四绝，奇松，怪石，云海，温泉 the four unique scenic futures: Picturesque rocks,  legendary pines,  the sea of clouds and hot springs.

国家公园                      national park
洞穴/岩洞                     cave / cover
溶洞                          water eroded cave
石灰岩洞                      lime stone cave
石笋                          stalagmite
钟乳石                        stalactite
瀑布                          waterfall /chute / fall / Linn

间歇泉                        geyser
古墓                          ancient tomb
石窟                          grotto
净坛                          altar
石舫                          stone boat
湖心亭                        mid lake pavilion
水榭                          waterside pavilion
莲花池                        lotus pond
教堂                          church
天主教大教堂                  Cathedral
修道院                        abbey / cloister / monastery

尼姑庵                        Buddhist nunnery
佛教圣地                      Buddhist sacred land   
琉璃瓦                        glaze tile
宫殿                          palace hall,  chamber
皇城                          imperial city
护城河                        moat
御花园                        imperial garden
行宫                          temporary imperial palace for a short stay

皇太后                        empress dowager
皇妃                          Imperial Concubine
宰相                          Prime-Minister
太监                          court eunuch
四大金刚                      the Four gardens     
十八罗汉                      The Eighteen disciples of the Buddha
出土文物                      unearthed culture relics
甲骨文                        inscription on oracle bones

青铜器                        bronze ware
景泰蓝                        cloisonné
青瓷                          celadon
陶瓷                          ceramic
陶器                          earthenware
泥塑                          clay figurine
折扇                          folding fan
檀香扇                        sandalwood fan

手工艺品                      artifact / handicraft
雕漆器                        carved-lacquer-wear
刺绣品                        embroidery
苏绣                          Suzhou embroidery
挂毯                          tapestry         
唐三彩                        tri-colored glazed pottery of Tang dynasty

金石印章                      metal and stone seals
字画卷轴 scrolls of calligraphy and painting
国画                          traditional Chinese painting
山水/水墨画                    landscape / ink painting
文房四宝                      the four stationary treasures of the Chinese study,  writing brush,  ink, 

inkstone paper
园林建筑                      garden architecture
天下第一泉                    the finest spring under heaven
天下第一奇洞                  the most spectacular cave unparalleled elsewhere

这座寺庙历史悠久，可以追溯到初唐时期。
This temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.

该城市有全国规模最大、最富盛名的园林。
The city boasts the largest and the most famous garden in the country.

这座殿堂的建筑艺术，集中代表了我国宋朝的建筑风格。
The architecture of this hall best represents the architecture of Song Dynasty.

高频短句

1 上海是世界上最大的港口城市之一。这座昔日远东第一大都市已发展成为中国重要的经济、金融、贸易、科技、信息和文化中心。

Shanghai is one of the world’s largest seaports. Formerly the largest metropolis of the Far East,  Shanghai has become China’s important center of economy,  finance,  trade,  science and technology,  information and culture.

2 作为一座文化名城，上海以她独特的风韵吸引了数以百万计的海内外游客。

As a noted historic and cultural city,  Shanghai attracts millions of tourists from home and abroad with its unique charm.

3 上海同时也是美食家的乐园，全市数以千计的餐馆汇集了国内外各大名菜，尤其是上海的本邦菜，特别受到海外人士的青睐。

Shanghai is also a cherished paradise for gourmets,  boasting thousands of restaurants serving a complete list of well-known Chinese and international cuisines,  among which the Shanghai food enjoys particular popularity among overseas visitors.

4 登上东方明珠塔观光层，或俯视浦江对岸的外滩万国建筑博览群，或举目鸟瞰全市，无限风光，尽收眼底，令人心旷神怡，流连忘返。

Standing on the observation floor of the Oriental Pearl of TV Tower and looking around,  you will see across the Huangpu River the famous Bund lined up with a dazzling exhibition of architectural creations of international styles and the charming skyline of the whole city in the distance-endless soothing vistas that one will find it difficult to turn away from.

5 中国园林可分为御花园和私家花园两类。前者多见于北方，后者则多见于南方，尤以苏州、无锡和南京三地为甚。

Chinese gardens can be divided into two categories,  the imperial and the private. The former are seen most frequently in northern China,  while more of the latter can be found in the south,  especially in Suzhou,  Wuxi and Nanjing.

6 南方私家花园中的溪、桥、山亭，小巧玲珑，布局精明，尽显其自然美，令人赏心
悦目。

Small and delicate,  cleverly laid out and pleasing to the eye,  the streams , bridges,  rockeries and pavilions of a private Chinese garden reveal a natural beauty of their own.

三、 真题练习

●
欢迎各位游览东海世界公园。东海世界公园是一座集世界各地名胜之大成的主题公园，其规模为远东同类公园之冠。你置身于包括世界七大奇观在内的100多处历史名胜与自然景观之中，一日便可游遍天下美景。

Welcome to the Donghai World Park. The Donghai World Park,  which is the largest theme park of its kind unparalleled in the Far East,  features a complete collection of the well-known world scenic spots. Surrounded by 100 sights of historical interest and natural attraction including the Seven Wonders of the World,  you will easily fulfill your dream of touring around the world in a day.

园内各类微型景观的选料大多为汉白玉、大理石、花岗石等优质石料，这些景观的制作工艺精湛无比，独具匠心，其复制程度之精确，形象之逼真，足可以假乱真，令游人叹为观止。

The miniature replicas of the selected scenic sights were constructed out of top grade stones of white jade,  marble and granite,  all boasting exquisite workmanship and ingenious design. The tourists will find themselves engrossed in an involuntary admiration of the dazzling arrays of the exact scenic reproductions that are unbelievable true to the original.

●　
中国有着令人自豪的历史和美好的未来。我很高兴从过去曾是中国的古都，如今仍是中国中心区域的西安开始我的行程。我在我们国家的中心区域长大。我知道一个民族的性格是由居住在那里的勤劳的人民所决定的。

China is blessed with both a proud his history and the promise of tomorrow. I am delighted to begin my journey in Xian,  once the capital of China,  still the heartland of the Chinese people. I was raised in the heartland of my own country. I know that the character of a nation is determined by the hard-working people who live here.

我期待着明天参观兵马俑和古城墙。我期待着更多的了解中国对人类知识积累所做出的巨大贡献，这些知识涉及医药、印刷、数学和天文学等领域。正是基于这些发现，整个世界才有了诸多的进步。

Tomorrow,  I look for forward to seeing the Terra Cotta Warriors and the Old City walls. I look forward to learning more about China’s great contributions to the store of human knowledge,  from medicine and printing to mathematics and astronomy-discoveries on which so much of the whole world’s progress is based.

●　
为纪念敦煌藏经洞发现100年，今年7月至8月在中国历史博物馆隆重举行了“敦煌艺术大展“。据报道，此次展览是历次敦煌艺术展览规模最大、展出文物最多的一次。许多展品都是第一次与观众见面。

In order to mark the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the Library Cave at Dunhuang,  a grand Dunhuang art show opened from July through August this year at the National Museum of Chinese History. It was reported that,  different from previous Dunhuang art shows,  this one was the largest in size and boasts of the greatest number of exhibits. Many exhibits were being shown to the public for the first time.

boast　在旅游类文章中通常表示“拥有”

这次展览还向世人展示了80余张珍贵图片，生动地向人们述说了敦煌一百年来经历的劫难和屈辱的历史。举办这样的展览的意义在于向全世界展示我国敦煌艺术的精华，让全世界的人民都来了解中华民族的优秀文化。

The exhibition also showed to the public more than 80 (cherished) photos and pictures,  vividly telling people the great calamity and humiliation of Dunhuang in the past one hundred years. The significance/importance of such exhibition was to show/lay in showing to the world the cream of Dunhuang art so as to enable the people of the world to understand the excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation.

●　
London,  the capital of the United Kingdom,  has a population of about 7 million and an area of 1580 sq km. Although it no longer ranks among the world’s most populous cities,  London is still one of the world’s great centers for classical and popular culture. For example,  it has enjoyed a reputation for superb theater since the time of Shakespeare in the 16th century.

伦敦是联合王国的首都，人口700万，面积1580平方公里。今天的伦敦虽然已不再是世界人口最多的城市之一，但仍然是世界主要的古曲文化和通俗文化中心之一。例如，自16世纪莎士比亚时代起伦敦一直享有拥有一流剧院之美誉。

London boasts many world-famous tourist attractions. The most impressive sight-seeing places include the Big Ben,  the Oxford Street,  and of course the Buckingham Palace,  where thousands of tourists come to watch the pageantry,  the Changing of Guards. London itself is a living museum,  with more than 2000 years of history and culture. The jewel in this cultural crown is the British Museum,  with more than 4 million exhibits.

Big Ben 大本钟
Oxford Street牛津街
Buckingham Palace　白金汉宫
pageantry皇家典礼
the Changing of Guards换岗仪式

伦敦拥有许多世界著名的旅游胜地，令人印象最深刻的观光景点有大自鸣钟、牛津街，当然还有白金汉宫，成千上万的旅游者到那里观看（皇家）卫队换岗典礼。伦敦自身就是一座活生生的博物馆，有着2000年的历史文化。大英博物馆则是镶刻在这顶文化皇冠上的一颗宝石，拥有400万余件展品。

●　
Australia is an exceptionally beautiful country. This is the world’s smallest continent and yet the largest island. Here the tourist will witness with admiration a variety of astonishing environments,  from tropical beaches to white snow-covered fields,  from vast deserts to rain forests.

澳大利亚是一个异常美丽的国家。这是世界上最小的大陆，但也是世界上最大的岛屿。游客在这里可以观赏到各种地形风貌，从热带海滩到白雪覆盖的田野，从大沙漠到热带雨林，景观各异，令人叹为观止。

The tourists will also admire a wide array of unique and intriguing animals and plants,  and a sunny and comfortable climate,  and meet an interesting,  cosmopolitan and friendly people. From the tourists’ viewpoint,  Australia is one of the world’s most attractive lands.

游客还可以欣赏澳大利亚境内的各种珍禽奇兽，奇花异草，享受这里充足的阳光和宜人的气候。结识富有情趣、和蔼友善、胸襟宽广的澳洲人。在旅游者看来，澳大利亚是世界上最吸引人的国家之一

●　
泰山海拔1545米，是我国四大名山之一。其巅峰玉皇顶为峡谷和险峰所环绕。沿石梯 而上，登山远眺，只见山外有山，景外有景。

Rising to 1545 meters above sea level,  Mount Tai is one of China’s four renowned great mountains. Yuhuangding,  Mount Tai’s highest peak,  stands over deep valleys and above other perilous peaks. Following a stone staircase all the way up and looking in the distance,  one will enjoy the views of mountains beyond mountains and scenery beyond scenery.

泰山壮观的自然风光和历史名胜，激发了历代文人雅士为之舞文弄墨，创作了无数经典佳作，他们留下的石刻碑文，另游客目不暇接，叹为观止。

Mount Tai’s natural scenery and historical sites have inspired writers,  scholars and calligraphers of various dynasties to produce numerous great works of all time. The tourist will marvel at a dazzling exhibition of their inscriptions carved in stones.

口译技巧：
1、 熟练掌握单词
2、 熟练掌握高频模版句

景点介绍常见句型

1、主语＋插入语＋谓语动词＋宾语

泰山位于中国山东省境内，方圆约360平方公里，是中国五岳之首。

Mount Tai,  located in Shandong Province and covering an area of 360 square kilometers,  is the first of China’s Five Mountains.

 

2、……的＋名词

离江苏省著名旅游城市仅40公里之遥的周庄，被誉为中国的威尼斯是全国著名的旅游景点。
Zhouzhuang,  only 40 kilometers away from Suzhou,  a famous tourist city in Jiangsu Province,  is crowned as “the Oriental Venice”.

 

太湖明珠无锡，位于江苏省南部，地处美丽富饶的长江三角洲中心地带。这里气候宜人，特产丰富，风景优美，是中国重点风景旅游城市。与万里长城齐名的古京杭大运河纵贯市区，泛舟河上，能领略水乡的民俗风情。

Like a bright pearl set on the Taihu Lake and situated in the center of the beautiful and fertile Changjiang Delta in southern Jiangsu Province,  Wuxi is one of China’s major tourist cities,  with its pleasant climate,  rich natural resources and picturesque scenery. Cutting through the city is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal,  an ancient project equal in fame to the Great Wall. A trip along the river will enable the visitor to get to know the customs and life styles of the local people.

 

距市区七公里的太湖梅梁景区是太湖风景之精华，碧波万顷，渔帆点点，湖光山色令人陶醉。其中的鼋头渚巨石状如鼋头，远眺烟波浩渺的太湖，被诗人郭沫若誉为“太湖佳绝处”。

Seven kilometers from downtown Wuxi is a popular scenic area known as Meiliang. There,  the
Taihu Lake is at its best: the vast expanse of blue waters is dotted by fishing boasts against an
enchanting background of mist-shrouded hills. Of the scenic spots in the area,  the huge rock name
Yuantouzhu resembles a turtle’s head. The rock commands a distant view of the boundless Taihu
Lake. It is lauded by GuoMoruo,  a renowned Chinese poet,  as the “best spot of the Taihu Lake.”

企业家　　　　　　　　　　　　entrepreneur
精英　　　　　　　　　　　　　elite
电子交易　　　　　　　　　　　electronic business
风险管理　　　　　　　　　　　risk management
透明管理　　　　　　　　　　　transparency management
固定资产　　　　　　　　　　　fixed assets
灰色收入　　　　　　　　　　　gray income
政府开支　　　　　　　　　　　government spending
博彩业　　　　　　　　　　　　lottery industry
制造业　　　　　　　　　　　　manufacturing industry
动力　　　　　　　　　　　　　incentive
恶性通货膨胀　　　　　　　　　hyperinflation
有限公司　　　　　　　　　　　limited liability corporation

出租业务　　　　　　　　　　　leasing
需求不足　　　　　　　　　　　inefficient demand
工业化　　　　　　　　　　　　industrialization
凯恩斯　　　　　　　　　　　　Keynes
凯恩斯主义　　　　　　　　　　Keynesian theory
机制　　　　　　　　　　　　　mechanism
微观经济学　　　　　　　　　　microeconomics
垄断　　　　　　　　　　　　　monopoly
过热　　　　　　　　　　　　　overheating
寡头政治　　　　　　　　　　　oligarchy
机会成本　　　　　　　　　　　opportunity cost
购买力　　　　　　　　　　　　purchasing power
政权、机制　　　　　　　　　　regime

生产力　　　　　　　　　　　　productivity
私有化　　　　　　　　　　　　privatization
投资组合　　　　　　　　　　　portfolio
退休金、养老金　　　　　　　　pension
人均国民生产总值　　　　　　　per capita GNP
专利　　　　　　　　　　　　　patent
衰退、滑坡　　　　　　　　　　slump
上涨　　　　　　　　　　　　　surge/soar/climb/rise
缺乏　　　　　　　　　　　　　scarcity
宏观调控体系　　　　　　　　　macro-control system
资源配置　　　　　　　　　　　the distribution/allocation of resources
全天候服务　　　　　　　　　　24-hour service
交易　　　　　　　　　　　　　transaction
东南亚国家联盟　　　　　　　　ASEAN(Association of South-East Asian Nations)

欧盟　　　　　　　　　　　　　EU(European Union)
贸易制裁　　　　　　　　　　　trade sanction
贸易集团　　　　　　　　　　　trade bloc
繁荣　　　　　　　　　　　　　prosperous/prosperity
首付　　　　　　　　　　　　　down-payment
房契、产权　　　　　　　　　　title
房地产开发商　　　　　　　　　real estate developer
拉动经济增长　　　　　　　　　fuel economic growth
民营企业　　　　　　　　　　　non-public enterprise
贫富悬殊　　　　　　　　　　　income disparity
贫困地区　　　　　　　　　　　impoverished areas
市政工程　　　　　　　　　　　municipal works/public works
货币坚挺　　　　　　　　　　　strong/firm
劳务输出　　　　　　　　　　　export of labor services
减员增效　　　　　　　　　　　downsize staffs and improve efficiency

发展势头　　　　　　　　　　　momentum of growth
招商银行　　　　　　　　　　　Merchants Bank
建设银行　　　　　　　　　　　Construction Bank
交通银行　　　　　　　　　　　Bank of Communication
中国银行　　　　　　　　　　　Bank of China
农业银行　　　　　　　　　　　Agricultural Bank
工商银行　　　　　　　　　　　Industrial & Commercial Bank
衣食住行　　　　　　　　　　　food, clothing, housing and transport
中国电信　　　　　　　　　　　China Telecom
中国移动　　　　　　　　　　　China Mobile
中国联通　　　　　　　　　　　China Unicom
中国出口商品交易会　　　　　　China Export Commodities Fair(Guangzhou Fair)

优化　　　　　　　　　　　　　optimize
免税期　　　　　　　　　　　　tax holiday
消费税　　　　　　　　　　　　consumption tax
下岗人员　　　　　　　　　　　laid-off workers
试点工程、项目　　　　　　　　pilot project
波动　　　　　　　　　　　　　fluctuation
补偿贸易　　　　　　　　　　　compensation trade
净利润　　　　　　　　　　　　net profit
批发价　　　　　　　　　　　　wholesale price
尝试性定购　　　　　　　　　　trial/try-out order
互补互惠的合作关系　　　　　　complementary and mutual beneficial partnership

不良贷款                      bad loan　
投资银行                      investment bank　　　　　　　　　　 高盛银行                      Goldman Sachs 花旗银行                      City Bank　 汇丰银行                      HSBC (Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) 美洲银行                      Bank of America 德意志银行                    Deutsch Bank 破产保护                      bankruptcy protection 经济突然膨胀                  bloom
品牌                          brand's name 翻一番                        double 增加两倍                      triple 翻两番                        quadruple

高频词汇、短语

中国加入世贸组织　　　　　　　after China’s entry into/accession to the WTO
国内生产总值　　　　　　　　　GDP(Gross Domestic Product)
国民生产总值　　　　　　　　　GNP(Gross National Product)
经济全球化　　　　　　　　　　economic globalization
经济体制改革　　　　　　　　　economic restructuring
通货膨胀　　　　　　　　　　　inflation
通货紧缩　　　　　　　　　　　deflation
货币政策　　　　　　　　　　　monetary policy
市场准入　　　　　　　　　　　market access

预算　　　　　　　　　　　　　budget
银行业　　　　　　　　　　　　banking
核心竞争力　　　　　　　　　　core competitiveness
贬值　　　　　　　　　　　　　depreciation
增值　　　　　　　　　　　　　appreciation
流通　　　　　　　　　　　　　circulation/distribution
多元化　　　　　　　　　　　　diversification
萧条　　　　　　　　　　　　　depression
经济回报　　　　　　　　　　　economic returns
技术、劳动、资本知识　　　　　technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital-intensive

密集型产业　　　　　　　　　　knowledge-intensive industries
向市场经济转轨　　　　　　　　switch to a market economy
恶性循环　　　　　　　　　　　vicious cycle/circle
良性循环　　　　　　　　　　　beneficent/virtuous cycle
经济技术开发区　　　　　　　　an economic and technological development zone
经济特区　　　　　　　　　　　a special economic zone
刺激内需　　　　　　　　　　　stimulate domestic demand
兼并破产　　　　　　　　　　　merger and bankruptcy
股份制　　　　　　　　　　　　the joint stock system
经济可持续发展　　　　　　　　sustained economic growth

泡沫经济　　　　　　　　　　　bubble economy
总裁　　　　　　　　　　　　　president
优惠券　　　　　　　　　　　　coupon
物价指数　　　　　　　　　　　price index
外汇储备　　　　　　　　　　　foreign exchange reserve
黄金储备　　　　　　　　　　　gold reserve
融资　　　　　　　　　　　　　financing
发行股票、债券　　　　　　　　issue shares and bonds
本金与利息　　　　　　　　　　principal and interest
商业银行　　　　　　　　　　　commercial bank
财政收入　　　　　　　　　　　fiscal revenue
金融危机　　　　　　　　　　　financial crisis
个人所得税　　　　　　　　　　individual income tax

关税　　　　　　　　　　　　　tariff
证券交易所　　　　　　　　　　securities exchange
股市　　　　　　　　　　　　　stock market
期货市场　　　　　　　　　　　futures market
反倾销　　　　　　　　　　　　anti-dumping
补贴　　　　　　　　　　　　　subsidies
欧元、欧元区　　　　　　　　　Euro/Euroland
流动资金　　　　　　　　　　　circulating funds
有价证券　　　　　　　　　　　portfolio
股票指数　　　　　　　　　　　stock index
上市公司　　　　　　　　　　　listed company
牛市、熊市　　　　　　　　　　a bull/bear market
股民，股东　　　　　　　　　　shareholder/stockholder
纳斯达克指数　　　　　　　　　the NASDAQ index(National Association of Securities
Deal Automated Quotations)

国库券　　　　　　　　　　　　state treasury bonds
市场疲软　　　　　　　　　　　a slack/sluggish/sagging/inactive market
招商　　　　　　　　　　　　　invite/attract investment
贸易顺差、逆差　　　　　　　　trade surplus/deficit
贸易伙伴　　　　　　　　　　　trade partner
关税壁垒　　　　　　　　　　　tariff wall/customs barrier
基础设施　　　　　　　　　　　infrastructure
投资热点　　　　　　　　　　　a hot destination for investment
年营业额　　　　　　　　　　　annual business volume(turnover)
双赢　　　　　　　　　　　　　a win-win situation
改善出口商品结构　　　　　　　improve the export product mix
双边、多边贸易谈判　　　　　　bilateral/multi-lateral trade negotiation
贸易自由化　　　　　　　　　　trade liberalization
保税区　　　　　　　　　　　　bonded area/free trade zone
最惠国待遇　　　　　　　　　　MFN(most favored nation)treatment

销售网点　　　　　　　　　　　sales outlets
独家经销代理　　　　　　　　　exclusive selling agency
专卖店　　　　　　　　　　　　exclusive agency/franchised store
分期付款　　　　　　　　　　　installment payment
回扣　　　　　　　　　　　　　kickback(sales commission)
直销　　　　　　　　　　　　　direct sale
贴现率　　　　　　　　　　　　discount rate
经济弊病　　　　　　　　　　　economic ills
传统产业　　　　　　　　　　　conventional industries
相对优势　　　　　　　　　　　comparative advantage
商业条款　　　　　　　　　　　commerce clause
注册会计师　　　　　　　　　　certificated public accountant(CPA)

定金、存储　　　　　　　　　　deposit
管理知识　　　　　　　　　　　managerial expertise
有效需求　　　　　　　　　　　effective demand
公平竞争　　　　　　　　　　　fair competition
跨国公司　　　　　　　　　　　transnational/international corporation
外资企业　　　　　　　　　　　foreign-funded enterprise
团队精神　　　　　　　　　　　team spirit
企业转型　　　　　　　　　　　transformation
注册资本　　　　　　　　　　　registered capital
新兴市场　　　　　　　　　　　emerging market
创业精神　　　　　　　　　　　enterprising spirit/pioneering spirit

高频短句

1 世界贸易组织成立于1995年1月1日，其前身是关税与贸易总协定。

The World Organization (WTO), whose predecessor was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), was established on January 1, 1995.

2 加入世界贸易组织意味着在进口政策方面要承担一些约束性的任务。这就要求中国要调整其贸易政策，并且进行经济体制改革。

Joining the WTO means assuming binding obligations in respect of import policies-obligations which will necessitate an adjustment in China’s trade policies and economic restructuring.

3 中国加入世界贸易组织的意义不仅在于贸易方面，而且关系到中国将来在世界经济中所起的作用以及全球经济未来的发展方向。

China’s entry into the WTO is about more than trade, it is about China’s future role in the world economy and about the future direction of the global economic development.

4 外国直接在华投资可以在最大程度上发挥有关双方的优势。中国幅员辽阔，自然资源丰富，廉价劳动力充裕，税收低，消费者市场不断增长，基础设施不断改善，我们还有稳定的社会政治环境以及诱人的投资政策。

Direct foreign investment in China maximizes the strengths of both parties concerned. China has massive land, abundant natural resources, huge cheap labor, low taxation, a growing consumer market, improving infrastructure and of course, a stable social and political environment with attractive investment policies.

5 现在西方人都在谈论去东方投资。显然越来越多的外国公司纷纷涌入中国，而上海的浦东地区是人们投资的首选目的地之一。现在的问题不在于是否去东方投资，而在于何时去投资为好，如何去投资为好。

In the West everybody is talking about going to the East and making an investment. Apparently a growing number of foreign firms have been pouring into China, and the Pudong area of Shanghai is among the best choices of their investment destinations. Today it is not a matter of whether to go east, but when and how.

6 海外人士在上海及其周边地区的投资近年来翻了两番。出现这一高涨不止的投资热有多种缘由。

Overseas investment in Shanghai and its surrounding areas has quadrupled in recent years. There are many reasons for this rising investment fever.

7 目前在浦东的前200家强强联姻的企业中，具有自我设计和开发能力的虽然不多，但中方大约有200名副总经理、1000名部门经理、3000名高中级工程技术人员、30000名熟练工人正在一边干，一边学。

Currently, among Pudong’s 200 biggest joint ventures, not many have independent designing and developing capabilities. However, on the Chinese side, about 200 deputy managing directors,1000 division managers,3000 senior and intermediate-level engineers and technologists and 30000 skilled workers have been learning on the job.

8. 美国通用汽车公司、德国巴斯夫公司、日立电器公司等一批跨国公司的高级职员在谈到他们总部的投资意图时无不坦陈，外方看中的是浦东在其全球战略中的地域优势、良好的投资环境和企业素质。

When senior representatives of General Motors of the United States, BSF of Germany and Hitachi Electric of Japan talked about their investment in Pudong, they all pointed to Pudong’s geographical advantage, good investment environment and the high quality of local enterprises as Pudong’s attractions for their respective firms in their global strategy.

9. 这些企业和人才，正以其产业关联性和协作关系，最终带动长江流域乃至全国数千家企业，面向国内、国际两个市场，进行一体化生产和销售，使浦东成为溶现代中国产业世界经济主流的龙头和纽带。

These enterprises and talents, through production-related association and cooperation, are expected to boost thousands of enterprises in the Yangtze River Valley, as well as in other parts of the country, engaging in integrated production and sales for both domestic and international markets. By doing so,Pudong will functions as a leader and bridge to integrate China’s modern industry with the mainstream of the world’s economy.

10．中国经济发展出现了高增长、低通胀的新局面。国民经济继续快速增长，市场物价基本稳定。

China’s economic development has entered a new stage which is characteristically one of high growth and low inflation. The national economy continues to grow rapidly and market prices remain basically stable.

11．据统计，去年我国国内生产总值完成74772亿元（9008.7亿美元），比上年增长8.8%,其中，第一产业增长3.5%，第二产业增长10.8%，第三产业增长8.2%。

Statistics for the last year show that China’s gross domestic product reached 7,477.2 billion yuan (US$900.87 billion),an increase of 8.8 percent over the previous year, among which primary industry grew by 3.5 percent, secondary industry 10.8 percent,, and tertiary industry 8.2 percent.

12．亚太经合组织的唯一使命，就是开展经济合作，不宜把讨论的范畴扩展到社会、政治、安全等非经济领域。要坚持有所为有所不为的原则，专心致志推进经济合作。

The sole mission of APEC is to promote economic cooperation. It should refrain from extending the scope of its discussions to social, political security and other non-economic fields. It is necessary to concentrate our efforts on advancing economic cooperation in a spirit of doing certain things and refraining from doing other things.

13．有人认为，深圳和香港能形成一个经济圈，说不定可以发展成为一个亚太经济中心。然而，更多的人认为，深圳应该当好内地与香港之间的桥梁。深圳正在借助香港的优势发展自己。经过15年的发展，深圳已逐步发展成为一个国际商埠。

Some people hold the view that Shenzhen and Hong Kong may form an economic zone and become a new economic center in the Asia-Pacific region. However, more people are of the opinion that Shenzhen should continue to play its role as a bridge linking Hong Kong and the mainland. Shenzhen is making good use of the advantages of Hong Kong’s economy to develop itself. Over the last 15 years, Shenzhen has gradually developed into an international commercial port.

口译练习

●
In a recent television interview the Malaysian prime Minister expressed his deep concern about economic situation in his country. Malaysia has undergone financial difficulties from the combined impact of the world financial crisis, decline in world oil prices and its own prolonged recession. The direct reason for those difficulties was that investors lacked confidence in the Malaysian economy.

在最近一次电视采访中，马来西亚总理对其国家的经济形势深表忧虑。马来西亚受世界金融危机、世界石油价格下跌以及本国长时间经济萧条的共同影响，经历了一段金融困难时期。这次困境的直接原因是投资者对马来西亚经济缺乏信心。∥ 

●
Due to reform of the currency system, high inflation and major financial frauds, most people had little confidence in domestic commercial banks and even doubted the financial policies for the Central Bank and the government. The government and the rubber industrial companies are in severe dispute over settlement of the latter’s tax bill. As a result, many foreign companies intended to stay away from further involvement in the country’s development of economy. 

由于货币制度改革，通货膨胀及重大金融失误，绝大多数老百姓对国内商业银行很少有信心，甚至怀疑央行和政府的金融政策。政府的橡胶工业公司就解决后者的税收问题激烈争论。因此，众多外国公司不愿再进一步介入国家的经济发展。
●
国家统计局日前对100对经济学专家进行了调查。多数专家认为上半年经济走势趋好，经济状况较理想。对于下半年的宏观经济走势，超过80%的专家预期会比上半年更好一些。

The National Bureau of Statistics has conducted a survey among one hundred Chinese economists. Most of them think that the economic trends during the first half of the year were favorable and the economic situation is quite ideal. With regards to the macroeconomic trends for the second half, over 80% of those polled predicted that the second half would be better than the first half.

所有专家都预期今年的经济增长速度将高于去年，平均预期值为8%左右。但与此同时，不少专家认为，如果没有进一步的资金投入，下半年的经济增长速度可能低于上半年。

With regards to China’s economic growth this year, all experts predict a higher figure than that of last year, the average forecast being about 8%. However, at the same time, many experts argue that without a new round of infusion of funds, the economic growth rate of the second half could be lower than that of the first half.

●
经济学家们认为，由于价格总水平的长期下降，使企业无法认清市场需求，无法确定投资方向，结果使企业的发展，经济的增长受到很大的影响。

Economists say that if the prices have been dropping for long periods of time, the enterprises will be at a lass as to where the market demand is and don’t know where to invest. Consequently, the companies’ development and the economic growth are greatly affected.

目前，中国市场的价格运行出现了一些积极的变化，但由于社会商品供过于求的矛盾依然突出，价格回升的基础关不稳固。经济界人士仍担心年底前能否走出通货紧缩的阴影。

Although there have been positive changes in the fluctuation of prices, the foundation of a rebound in prices isn’t firm due to the fact that the supply is still greater than the demand. Whether China is able to escape the shadow of deflation by the end of the year is still of much concern to those in the economic circle.

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我们想通过改革在我国确立有中国特色的社会主义市场经济的体制。我们为此做了长期的准备工作。中央政府，各级地方政府以及大型国有企业之间都取得了一致的看法。

What we want to achieve through reform is to establish a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics in our country. We had a long process of preparation for this reform. A consensus was built among the central government, local governments of various levels, and large state-owned enterprises.

我们高兴地看到，全国以及各行各业的总的情况是稳定的。经济增长远远超过了预期的目标。外国在华直接投资也达到有史以来的最高水平。对我国经济发展的前景我持非常乐观的态度。

We are glad that the general situation in the country and in all industries has been stable. The economic growth far exceeds our expectations. And we’ve seen an unprecedented level of direct foreign investment in China. I’m very optimistic about the future of our economic development.

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自70年代后期，中国向世界开放以来，到1998年7月底，中国已批准了三十一万四千余个外资，其中一半以上已开始运作。据《中国信息报》报道，这些项目的外资签约总量为五千四百多亿美元。

By the end of July 1998， China had approved more than three hundred and fourteen thousand foreign-invested projects since its opening to the rest of the world in the late 1970s and more than half has begun operating. The China Information reported that these projects have a combined contractual foreign investment of over US $ 540 billion.

在过去的五年中，外商投资急剧上升，在我国经济发展中起了重大的作用。1993年以来，中国一直是继美国之后的第二大外资受益国。

The last five years has witnessed the drastic growth of foreign investment, which has been playing a vital role in the development of our economy. Since 1993, China has remained the second largest recipient of foreign funds, after the United States.

口译词汇扩展　

经营范围 line/scope of business
独家经销代理 exclusive selling agency
讨价还价 bargain
回佣 return commission

季节性折扣 seasonal discount
离岸价 F.O.B （即Free On Board）
离岸加运费价C&F (即Cost and Freight)；CFR
装运港船边交货价 F.A.S （即Free Alongside Ship）

目的港船边交货 F.O.S （即Free Over Side）
到岸加佣金价C.I.F.C （即Cost, Insurance, Freight and Commission）
实/虚盘 firm/non-firm offer
现/期货价 spot/forward price
开/收盘价 opening/closing price

批发价 wholesale price
零售价 retail price
净利润 net profit
现货 spot goods
库存有限 limited stock
尝试性订购 trial/try-out order
现金结算 cash settlement
信用证结算 payment by letter of credit(L/C)

定金 down payment
分期付款 payment by installments
违约 breach of the contract/agreement
贸易索赔 business claim
要求赔偿损失 claim for a compensation of the loss/damage

易货贸易 barter trade
补偿贸易 compensation trade
市场准入 market access
双赢战略 win-win strategy
股东 shareholder; Stockholder
电子商务 e-commerce; E-business
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserve

我们愿意同贵公司建立业务关系。
We wish to enter into business relations with your company.

本报价随行就市
This offer is subject to market fluctuation.

您能否给我一些最新的含详细价格单的商品目录？我想回去仔细研究一下。
Can I have your latest catalogs with detailed prices to take home for a closer examination?

感谢您对我方的询盘迅速做出的答复。
Thank you for your quick response to our inquiry.

请给我一个有效期为90天的C.I.F报价，目的港为洛杉矶，报价含5%的佣金。
I’d like to hear your quotation on a C.I.F Los Angeles basis valid for 90 days, with an inclusion of a 5% agent’s commission in your quotation.

我方的报盘自今日起一周内有效，以后可按每日市价变动/随行就市。
Our offer is valid for seven days from today, and will then be subject to change according to the market price of the day.

我方的报价是优惠的，我们的调价是有限的，目前我们无法接受您的还盘。
Our quotation is favorable in your interest, and there is a limit to our price adjustment. Currently we just cannot accept your counter-offer.

我们来讨论一下付款方式吧。
I would like to discuss the terms of payment with you.

如果贵方到期未能按时付款，我方将终止合同，并提出索赔。
Should you fail to honor your payment in due time, we would terminate the contract and lodge a claim against you.

如果货运耽搁，你会得到全额退款。
You would get a full refund if there should be a delay in the shipment.

在我们结束谈判之前我想在合同里加一个条款，我对口头约定不放心。
Before we wrap up everything, I’d like to add a clause to the contract. I’m not comfortable with the verbal agreement.

根据我们这些天来的会谈，我希望今天能与你们草签一份协定，然后定下正式签约的日期。 Today I would like to sign a protocol with you based on our meetings during the last few days, and set a date for an official signing ceremony.

我认为这是一个双赢的协议。
I consider this a win-win agreement.

真实场景口译模拟练习

A：下午好，我能为您做些什么吗？

B：Well, I’m interested in your new line of business. May I look at your CIF price sheet of auto parts?

A：当然可以。我们最近扩大了业务范围以便更好地为我们的远东亚洲客户服务，尤其是为中国客户服务。中国是一个无人敢忽视的巨大市场。我公司愿意同一切有兴趣的中国客户建立业务关系。

B：That’s very nice to hear. We would like to import auto parts from your company on a regular basis, provided your prices compare favorably with those of others. To be frank with you, your listed prices are indeed among the least competitive. I’d like to hear your most recent quotations.

A：我方最近作了调价。当然我不是说我们所报是终结价。按我们的惯例，为了推动我们将来业务关系的发展，我们愿意给新客户以最公道的价格，即使这样做会使我方蒙受相当大的损失，我们也在所不惜。

B：But my knowledge of the auto parts market tells me that your offer is very unattractive. Besides, I need time to build up my confidence in the quality of your stuff. In any case, I’d rather wait and hunt around, if you were unable to include any reasonable discount.

A：我们保证货物的质量。我们有免费样品供您检查。至于折扣问题，我们可以将价目单上的开价再减去5%。这是我方的底盘，对不起，我们不准备接受还盘。

B：I appreciate your frankness. Though there is still a gap between your rock-bottom prices and my expectations, I’m willing to sign contracts with you. I’d like what you said; I’m doing this for the development of our future business relations.

A：太好了。让我们把合同文本的技术处理交给我们的助手去办吧。我想请您去喝一杯，庆祝我们第一笔生意的顺利成交。

B：Thank you very much. I believe this initial cooperation will lead to many more in the future.

《中高级口译考试词汇必备》
篆书         seal script / seal character
隶书……      official script
行书          running script
草书……      cursive script
楷书……      regular script
拜年           pay a new year visit
爆竹、鞭炮     firecracker
除夕           Eve of Chinese new year
春联           spring couplets
辞旧迎新       bring out the old year and ring in the new 
饺子           boiled dumpling
锅贴           pot sticker
庙会           temple fair
鸣钟辞旧岁     ring out the old year
年画           traditional new year pictures
年夜饭         the eve feast / family reunion dinner on lunar new year's eve
年终大扫除     year end household cleaning
守岁           stay up late on the new year's eve
压岁钱         new year gift money / money given to children as a new year gift
舞龙           dragon dance
元宵           sweet sticky rice dumplings
花灯           festival lantern
灯谜           lantern riddle
狮子舞         lion dance
清明节          Pure Brightness Festival
扫墓            perform sacrifices to one's ancestors or relatives
祭祖            offer sacrifices to the ancestors
踏青            go for an outing in spring
赛龙舟          dragon-boat race
粽子            pyramid shaped dumpling made by glutinous rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves
亡灵            departed soul
忠臣            loyal minister
屈原            the poet
月饼            mooncake
赏月            appreciate the glorious full moon
桂花            sweet osmanthus
赏菊            admire the beauty of chrysanthemum
登高            climb mountain
中药            TCM（traditional chinese medicine）
秦始皇          the first emperor / emperor Qin
皇太后          empress dowager
汉高祖刘邦      founder of the Han dynasty (206 B.C---220 A.D)
文明摇篮        cradle of civilization
明清两代        Ming and Qing dynasties
中华文明        Chinese civilization
历史学家        historian
地理学家        geographer
江南水乡        the south of the lower reaches of Yangtse River
水乡景色        riverside scenery

culinary art
color, aroma and taste
layout
cold dish
raw materials
blending of seasoning
art of proper seasoning
texture of food
slicing techniques
suckling pigs
pastry
yellow rice wine
strong white liquor
toast
take a sip
steamed bread/bun
calory
staple food