我只是很喜欢这种文青的标题,其实毕业从性质上讲根本算不上什么小事。

    毕业总是很匆忙。初中时有中考,高中时有高考,大学虽然举行了毕业典礼,收拾行李却直接打乱了离开的节奏,以至于我们的姿态并不从容,反而异常慌乱。正因如此,直到在家待了一周左右,迟来的毕业伤感期才对我说了“hello”。

    小学时总期待长大,总觉得时间过得好慢,然而上了初中才逐渐发现,时间在长大后一路飞跑,四年三年四年,每段宝贵的青春都只是一瞬眨眼。所谓的离愁别绪事实上只会积压在心底,想要表达却堵住了喉咙,怎样也无法形诸语言。四年前我们满怀着期望与梦想踏进大学校园,四年后我们微带茫然与恍惚走出熟悉的地点,然后在日后的岁月里,我们会慢慢感到光阴的重量,终有一天会认识到一个残酷的现实——青春一去不复返。

    18岁到22岁,最好的青春被我们遗落在回不去的大学时光里。无数琐碎的事情和不起眼的瞬间构成了生活的画卷,在毕业时回头看去,难免觉得失落与怅然。六月中回住了三年的新校区拍照留念,走在熟悉的林荫道上才发现,曾经从未注意过的景色是如此美好:云湖的静水,后山的葱翠,接天莲叶的碧色,还有黑天鹅掌下荡漾的清波……当我身处其中时,却总是匆匆而过。

    最近在家里翻毕业时的照片,看到和亲友在教学楼前抱着柱子的一张,突然有种落泪的冲动。画面上定格着那一刻肆意的笑颜,我们却已经天各一方,不知下次相逢要等待多久,更不敢想象再次见面彼此将是什么模样。年轻令人不忍目睹,懂得这话的意思,本身就是一种难言的苍凉。

    前天回高中晃了一圈,老师还是那样,学生还是那样,对比之下就蓦然认识到何谓成长。光阴是催熟剂,不知不觉间就将我们打上它的烙印。随朋友去钱柜唱歌,对着《老男孩》的MV影像默默哽咽。今天又回到小学原址,发现那里早已被其他建筑覆盖,于是忽然有种记忆也随之面目全非的悲哀错觉。回望是一件可怕的事,所以已经够了,我要继续向前。

    十年前的我是个表面乖巧,内心却愤青中二着的小姑娘,现在的我已经无从得知,若是看见如今的我,她会有怎样的感想。她被我抛在身后,站在初一夏天的太阳雨里,站在初二冬天的雪地里,站在初三春天的桃树落花里,始终对我微笑。即便再过十年,她也还是原来的样子,踩着自行车前进时掀起裙角的风,望着公交车运行时窗外璀璨的夜,幻想着无数不可预知的未来,幼稚的心里开始有梦。

    就让她留在年华的罅隙里吧。我总在不停对过去的自己说再见,然后转身迈步——因为生活不在后方,而永远只在眼前。

    再见,我的大学;再见,我的四年。

    还有,十年前的我,亲爱的,再见。

   

posted @ 2011-07-10 19:12 若灵 阅读(122) | 评论 (4)编辑 收藏
 
    我只是很喜欢这种文青的标题,其实毕业从性质上讲根本算不上什么小事。

    毕业总是很匆忙。初中时有中考,高中时有高考,大学虽然举行了毕业典礼,收拾行李却直接打乱了离开的节奏,以至于我们的姿态并不从容,反而异常慌乱。正因如此,直到在家待了一周左右,迟来的毕业伤感期才对我说了“hello”。

    小学时总期待长大,总觉得时间过得好慢,然而上了初中才逐渐发现,时间在长大后一路飞跑,四年三年四年,每段宝贵的青春都只是一瞬眨眼。所谓的离愁别绪事实上只会积压在心底,想要表达却堵住了喉咙,怎样也无法形诸语言。四年前我们满怀着期望与梦想踏进大学校园,四年后我们微带茫然与恍惚走出熟悉的地点,然后在日后的岁月里,我们会慢慢感到光阴的重量,终有一天会认识到一个残酷的现实——青春一去不复返。

    18岁到22岁,最好的青春被我们遗落在回不去的大学时光里。无数琐碎的事情和不起眼的瞬间构成了生活的画卷,在毕业时回头看去,难免觉得失落与怅然。六月中回住了三年的新校区拍照留念,走在熟悉的林荫道上才发现,曾经从未注意过的景色是如此美好:云湖的静水,后山的葱翠,接天莲叶的碧色,还有黑天鹅掌下荡漾的清波……当我身处其中时,却总是匆匆而过。

    最近在家里翻毕业时的照片,看到和亲友在教学楼前抱着柱子的一张,突然有种落泪的冲动。画面上定格着那一刻肆意的笑颜,我们却已经天各一方,不知下次相逢要等待多久,更不敢想象再次见面彼此将是什么模样。年轻令人不忍目睹,懂得这话的意思,本身就是一种难言的苍凉。

    前天回高中晃了一圈,老师还是那样,学生还是那样,对比之下就蓦然认识到何谓成长。光阴是催熟剂,不知不觉间就将我们打上它的烙印。随朋友去钱柜唱歌,对着《老男孩》的MV影像默默哽咽。今天又回到小学原址,发现那里早已被其他建筑覆盖,于是忽然有种记忆也随之面目全非的悲哀错觉。回望是一件可怕的事,所以已经够了,我要继续向前。

    十年前的我是个表面乖巧,内心却愤青中二着的小姑娘,现在的我已经无从得知,若是看见如今的我,她会有怎样的感想。她被我抛在身后,站在初一夏天的太阳雨里,站在初二冬天的雪地里,站在初三春天的桃树落花里,始终对我微笑。即便再过十年,她也还是原来的样子,踩着自行车前进时掀起裙角的风,望着公交车运行时窗外璀璨的夜,幻想着无数不可预知的未来,幼稚的心里开始有梦。

    就让她留在年华的罅隙里吧。我总在不停对过去的自己说再见,然后转身迈步——因为生活不在后方,而永远只在眼前。

    再见,我的大学;再见,我的四年。

    还有,十年前的我,亲爱的,再见。

   

posted @ 2011-07-10 19:12 若灵 阅读(122) | 评论 (4)编辑 收藏
按此在新窗口浏览图片

学校介绍:

耶鲁大学(Yale University),旧译“耶劳大书院”,是一所坐落于美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市的私立大学,始创于1701年,初名“大学学院”(Collegiate School)。耶鲁大学是美国历史上建立的第三所大学,今为常青藤联盟的成员之一。

在2007英国泰晤士专上教育增刊(Times Higher Education Supplement)的世界大学排名中,耶鲁大学在总平均排名与剑桥、牛津大学并列世界第二。美国普林斯顿评论(Princeton Review)在2006把耶鲁大学在全美最难进的大学里排第二。

开放课程介绍:

越来越多的美国著名学府将课程的视频或者材料放在网上,这种开放性课程也受到了大家的欢迎。最近耶鲁大学也推出了自己的开放性课程,全部是比较受欢迎的本科课程,主要包括教学大纲,题目汇总以及其他的课程相关材料,同时课程的音频和视频文件也包括在内。

毫无疑问,这一举动极大地方便了全球其他地方的学生能够接触到美国高等学府的课程,大家可以到Open Yale Courses的站点查看。值得提到的一点是,所有的课程材料都采用了Creative Commons的Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0协议。因此所有的使用者都可以下载,分享这些材料,甚至对所有的课程材料进行演绎,只要不是用于商业用途,并且署名为Yale。

课程主讲人:

按此在新窗口浏览图片

Shelly Kagan is the Clark Professor of Philosophy at Yale University and the former Henry R. Luce Professor of Social Thought and Ethics. Originally a native of Skokie, Illinois, he received his B.A. from Wesleyan University and his Ph.D. from Princeton University under the supervision of Thomas Nagel in 1982. He taught at the University of Pittsburgh and at the University of Illinois at Chicago before arriving at Yale. Kagan is of Jewish descent.

According to his Yale web page, his main research interests "lie in moral philosophy, in particular normative ethics(规范伦理学). Indeed, my second book is a systematic survey of the field of normative ethics, considered analytically (rather than historically, as is more typical of textbooks in ethics). More particularly still, much of my work centers on the debate between consequentialist(结果论者) and deontological moral theories(道义论)."

An article in the Yale Bulletin and Calendar says that his book The Limits of Morality "critiques so-called ordinary morality; the view that there are limits to what morality can impose on humans; and defends the doctrine of classical utilitarianism(功利主义), which holds that people are morally obliged, without limit, to do as much good as they can." His Normative Ethics "examines how to judge the rightness or wrongness of actions, exploring such factors as consequences, harm and consent."

Kagan is currently exploring the concept of desert(赏罚功过), which is a philosophical concept of what individuals do or do not deserve. He is working on a book called The Geometry of Desert to be published in the future. Kagan is also a member of the editorial board of the journal Ethics.



Now that's a lot of your grade to turn on discussion section, and so the first thing I need to tell you is I really mean it. ___________1(sentence)______________

2. What is the most important thing that you should do to earn a good grade in discussion section?

Philosophers love to talk and we love to argue, and the way to get better at thinking about philosophy is by talking about philosophy, so _________3_________.

And so, as I put it, in fact I think I put it this way on the syllabus, sort of participation, and here I mean sort of respectful participation, ______4______, participation can improve your grade, but it won't lower your grade. Nonparticipation, or not being there, that will lower your participation grade. Ok, any questions about any of that? All right. So I'm sorry to have sort of ______5_______, but it seems that it's only fair to let you know what you're getting into.

6. "Other remark about this being an intro class is that it's introductory in that the issues that we're talking about are kind of first run through." 你怎么理解这句话(尤其是划线部分)?

[notes]听写就做在这里吧~加油!↖(^ω^)↗[/notes]

本期作业:听写填空并回答问题。(一定记得去小组贴巩固复习哦,许多知识点都在那边)

奖励标准:200HY。

PS:要想灌大水,留下沪元来=A=


因为我觉得这期没什么好讲的内容所以小组讨论帖就略过啦,下期开始视情况出帖,有时候可能会需要加很多背景补充吧~当然有问题还是欢迎跟帖提问。

[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-27 15:25:53编辑过]

论坛帖子:http://bbs.yeshj.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=8&ID=607443
posted @ 2010-08-27 15:27 若灵 阅读(67) | 评论 (2)编辑 收藏
按此在新窗口浏览图片

几乎每个人都是读或者听着童话长大的。年少时我们只明白字面的意义,而成长后渐渐会懂得,所有美好的文字下面,都埋藏着一些沉重的存在。童话不仅仅是写给孩子的,每个传说都戴着漂亮的面具,下面是一张或朴实或丑陋的脸。

要知道,格林童话黑暗,安徒生童话现实,王尔德的童话悲伤,而刘易斯的童话怪诞。一千零一夜残暴荒淫,而小王子让读者认识生存与死亡。然而无论寓意为何,童话永远充满魅力,值得反复进行多样化的解读。从今天开始,就让我们揭开那些面具,看看耳熟能详的故事那不为人知的另一张脸。


上期精彩内容在这里:【面具下的童话】06 美不在形而在神——Beauty of Form and Beauty of Mind——Anne Lisbeth


按此在新窗口浏览图片

And the years roll by; they have no lack of dark days, but you have your cheerful young spirit, and you have gained a friend- you know not how. You met, oh, how often! You walk together on the rampart in the fresh spring, on the high days and holidays, when all the world come out to walk upon the ramparts, and all the bells of the church steeples seem to be singing a song of praise for the coming spring. Scarcely have the violets come forth, but there on the rampart, just opposite the beautiful Castle of Rosenberg, there is a tree bright with the first green buds. Every year this tree sends forth fresh green shoots. Alas! It is not so with the human heart! Dark mists, more in number than those that cover the northern skies, cloud the human heart.


按此在新窗口浏览图片这篇散文发表于1847年一个名为《加埃亚》的杂志上。瓦尔都是哥本哈根的一个收留孤寡人的养老院,建于1700年。文中的女主人公可能曾经也有过快乐的童年,甚至有一个很快乐的青年期。但这个快乐的青年期很短,以悲剧告终,最后她只好在这个孤寡人的养老院结束她的老年。人生就是如此。但活着究竟还是幸福的,因为还有一些美好的回忆不时涌上心来。这值得称诵。这篇散文实际上是一首颂歌——但却是一首充满了惆怅的颂歌。

这篇故事很短,可非常美。欢乐的情景与惘然的感触都被平淡的笔调铺陈出来,很容易就拨动读者的心弦。选取段落是最能体现中心的部分,语言上虽然并不华丽,情感却引人共鸣。人生短短数十载,就像一幕跌宕起伏的戏剧,永远没有人能预料下一刻上演的究竟会是什么。老小姐望着那些尚且无忧无虑的孩子,而云雀般欢乐的孩子终有一天也会成为临窗眺望的垂暮老人。生活的美与缺憾俱在于此,让人不由唏嘘。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期作业:

翻译上段。

奖励标准:200HY

PS:回帖请不要设置楼主可见,以便大家交流学习。有问题欢迎提出,我会在回帖里直接编辑解答,所以请记得回来看看。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期重点:

○Related Knowledge

1. Warton Almshouse:瓦尔都(Vartou)是哥本哈根的一个收留孤寡人的养老院,建筑于1700年。

2. They dance on the green rampart, just on the place where, according to the old story, the ground always sank in, and where a sportive, frolicsome child had been lured by means of flowers, toys and sweetmeats into an open grave ready dug for it, and which was afterwards closed over the child; and from that moment, the old story says, the ground gave way no longer, the mound remained firm and fast, and was quickly covered with the green turf.

丹麦诗人蒂勒编的《丹麦民间传说》中有这样一段记载:“很久很久以前,人们在哥本哈根周围建立了一个城堡。城堡一直在不停地崩颓,后来简直无法使它巩固下来,最后大家把一个天真的女孩子放在一张椅子上,在她面前放一个桌子,上面摆着许多玩具和糖果。当她正在玩耍的时候,12个石匠在她上面建起一座拱门。大家在音乐和喊声中把土堆到这拱门上,筑起一个城堡,从此以后城堡再也不崩塌了。”(这就是人柱啊TAT!所以说童话什么的都是残忍得要命的东西啊!)

3. Nor do they know anything of the Danish King who here, in the face of the coming foe, took an oath before all his trembling courtiers that he would hold out with the citizens of his capital, and die here in his nest.

指丹麦国王佛列得里克三世(1609-1670)。这儿是指1659年2月11日,瑞典军队围攻哥本哈根,但没有夺下该城。


○Several Important Words and Phrases

注意:单词无限而讲解有限,各位要擅长利用像小D一样的学习资源哦!

1. A whole life drama is unfolding itself before her inward gaze.

这句话没什么单词,但不好翻译。考虑到上下文,这里是说老小姐临窗外望看到嬉戏的孩童而回忆起自己的一生,那么它的意思就不难理解了。在措辞上有个难点是inward gaze,直译就是“内心的凝视”,也就是说她眼前看到的是孩子们,而心里看到的是自己的曾经。所以,翻译成“一出完整的人生戏剧在她内心上演/展开(强调与unfold的对应)”就好。

2. The priestly hands have been laid on the candidates for confirmation; hand in hand they walk on the green rampart.

这句话不难,如果无法理解,那肯定是不认识单词。confirmation在这里并不是“确认、证实”,而是比较少见的“基督教的坚信礼”,只要知道这个解释,前面似乎莫名其妙的candidate也就很容易明白了,就是participator。正因如此,开头才会用priestly修饰hands,其实注意一下这种特殊的措辞也能反过来帮助猜测后文词义的。

PS:其他翻译重点都在题目里,回复后见二楼答案讲解。


按此在新窗口浏览图片英文版(右键“目标另存为”可下载):
点击浏览该文件



[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-24 16:50:32编辑过]

论坛帖子:http://bbs.yeshj.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=29&ID=607153
posted @ 2010-08-24 17:19 若灵 阅读(17) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
按此在新窗口浏览图片

学校介绍:

耶鲁大学(Yale University),旧译“耶劳大书院”,是一所坐落于美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市的私立大学,始创于1701年,初名“大学学院”(Collegiate School)。耶鲁大学是美国历史上建立的第三所大学,今为常青藤联盟的成员之一。

在2007英国泰晤士专上教育增刊(Times Higher Education Supplement)的世界大学排名中,耶鲁大学在总平均排名与剑桥、牛津大学并列世界第二。美国普林斯顿评论(Princeton Review)在2006把耶鲁大学在全美最难进的大学里排第二。

开放课程介绍:

越来越多的美国著名学府将课程的视频或者材料放在网上,这种开放性课程也受到了大家的欢迎。最近耶鲁大学也推出了自己的开放性课程,全部是比较受欢迎的本科课程,主要包括教学大纲,题目汇总以及其他的课程相关材料,同时课程的音频和视频文件也包括在内。

毫无疑问,这一举动极大地方便了全球其他地方的学生能够接触到美国高等学府的课程,大家可以到Open Yale Courses的站点查看。值得提到的一点是,所有的课程材料都采用了Creative Commons的Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0协议。因此所有的使用者都可以下载,分享这些材料,甚至对所有的课程材料进行演绎,只要不是用于商业用途,并且署名为Yale。

课程主讲人:

按此在新窗口浏览图片

Shelly Kagan is the Clark Professor of Philosophy at Yale University and the former Henry R. Luce Professor of Social Thought and Ethics. Originally a native of Skokie, Illinois, he received his B.A. from Wesleyan University and his Ph.D. from Princeton University under the supervision of Thomas Nagel in 1982. He taught at the University of Pittsburgh and at the University of Illinois at Chicago before arriving at Yale. Kagan is of Jewish descent.

According to his Yale web page, his main research interests "lie in moral philosophy, in particular normative ethics(规范伦理学). Indeed, my second book is a systematic survey of the field of normative ethics, considered analytically (rather than historically, as is more typical of textbooks in ethics). More particularly still, much of my work centers on the debate between consequentialist(结果论者) and deontological moral theories(道义论)."

An article in the Yale Bulletin and Calendar says that his book The Limits of Morality "critiques so-called ordinary morality; the view that there are limits to what morality can impose on humans; and defends the doctrine of classical utilitarianism(功利主义), which holds that people are morally obliged, without limit, to do as much good as they can." His Normative Ethics "examines how to judge the rightness or wrongness of actions, exploring such factors as consequences, harm and consent."

Kagan is currently exploring the concept of desert(赏罚功过), which is a philosophical concept of what individuals do or do not deserve. He is working on a book called The Geometry of Desert to be published in the future. Kagan is also a member of the editorial board of the journal Ethics.



I know this is true, that is I know I have the reputation, both because _________1__________ I'm one of Yale's harsher graders, and because every now and then the Yale Daily News will have an article about grade inflation and they will always ask me "Well Professor Kagan is somebody..."

2. What is "the blue book"?

3. What do A, B, C, D, F mean?

So when you're ____4_____ about your grade, the person to take it up with, well, take it up with them, but eventually you'll want to take it up with me.

Still, to get an A, you've got to show some ____5____ for the subject. You've got to show not only have you sort of understood the ideas that have been put forward in the readings and in the lectures and so forth, but you see how to sort of put them together in the paper in a way that shows you've got some ____6____ here.

[notes]听写就做在这里吧~加油!↖(^ω^)↗[/notes]

本期作业:听写填空。(一定记得去小组贴巩固复习哦,许多知识点都在那边)

奖励标准:300HY。(本期特例)

PS:要想灌大水,留下沪元来=A=


>>>点我直达小组讨论帖(单词讲解和背景补充都在此)<<<


[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-20 14:59:16编辑过]

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posted @ 2010-08-20 15:00 若灵 阅读(26) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
按此在新窗口浏览图片

几乎每个人都是读或者听着童话长大的。年少时我们只明白字面的意义,而成长后渐渐会懂得,所有美好的文字下面,都埋藏着一些沉重的存在。童话不仅仅是写给孩子的,每个传说都戴着漂亮的面具,下面是一张或朴实或丑陋的脸。

要知道,格林童话黑暗,安徒生童话现实,王尔德的童话悲伤,而刘易斯的童话怪诞。一千零一夜残暴荒淫,而小王子让读者认识生存与死亡。然而无论寓意为何,童话永远充满魅力,值得反复进行多样化的解读。从今天开始,就让我们揭开那些面具,看看耳熟能详的故事那不为人知的另一张脸。


上期精彩内容在这里:【面具下的童话】05 爱是最伟大的力量——Anne Lisbeth


按此在新窗口浏览图片

1. One of the richest men in the place gave a party in his honor, and all who were of any consequence, or who possessed some property, were invited. 这里的consequence是什么意思?

2. The mother was like a fountain of questions; and the daughter, who listened but never spoke, might have passed for the beautiful maid of the fountain. 翻译这句话。

3. Those deep-blue eyes, which had been lit up this evening in honor of him, must conceal treasures, treasures of heart and mind, richer than all the glories of Rome; and so when he left the party that night, he had lost it completely to the young lady. 划线部分怎么解释?

4. For a moment, Alfred's respect for Kaela's mamma underwent a sudden shock, and lessened considerably; but, dazzled by the light which surrounded Kaela, he soon found it quite natural that the old lady should have no eye for color. After all, it was of very little consequence; for Kaela's mamma had the best of all possessions, namely, Kaela herself. 你怎么理解这段话?

5. Mamma-in-law acknowledged that Sophy was not only a clever housewife, but well-informed and accomplished, though that could hardly be expected in a person of her limited means. 翻译这句话。


按此在新窗口浏览图片这个故事的主题就和它的题目一样明了,安徒生试图在这里探讨外在美与内在美还有美的本质。严格说来,这是一个经久不衰也因此而泛滥的经典话题。王尔德就非常执着于对此的研究,正因如此,这篇童话令我很容易就联想到了《道林·格雷的画像》。

相较于对美的“表现”有所迷恋与偏执的王尔德——他向来是个注重形式的人,毕竟怀着“art for art's sake”这种根本思想——安徒生和大部分文人一样,更在乎心灵的内涵,也就是说,修养气质之类的灵魂之美。不过他倒也没有选择彻底的二分法,而是在最后,通过苏菲的话,将这两种美合而为一,表达了自己对全面之美的认识、渴求与倾慕。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期作业:

回答上述问题。

奖励标准:200HY

PS:回帖请不要设置楼主可见,以便大家交流学习。有问题欢迎提出,我会在回帖里直接编辑解答,所以请记得回来看看。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期重点:

○Related Knowledge

1. Gaspar Hauser(1812-1833)是一个神秘的德国孤儿。1828年5月26日穿着农民的衣服出现在纽伦堡的街头。这孩子虽然已经16岁,但却表现得极无知和幼稚,福利单位将他交给一位叫道麦的教授抚养。人们传说他出身于贵族,甚至皇族,因此许多要人信以为真,和他交往。他骄傲自满,许多人都受了他的骗。1833年他在安斯巴赫皇宫公园散步时被人刺伤,不久死去。1857年丹麦解剖学家艾席里特记述了豪塞的事,说他是个智能低下的孩子。德国作家瓦塞曼(Jakob Wassermann,1873-1934)曾写过一部关于他的长篇小说《Gaspar Hauser》。

2. 方尖石塔的原文是obelisk。这是古代埃及人在庙门口竖立的一种四方形的尖顶石柱。在罗马波波罗广场有一座这样的方尖塔,是奥古斯都皇帝从埃及运回的。北欧根本没有这种东西,因此这位太太把obelisk这个字听成organist(风琴师)。这两个字的发音虽然在丹麦文中有些相似,但意思完全不同。这种无知是安徒生亲身遇过的事。

1835年7月16日,安徒生写信给爱德华•柯林说:“最近我在一次宴会上遇到了佛堡的一位尊贵的夫人,打扮得花枝招展。我指给了她一些铜器,对她说:‘这里您可以看到罗马到波波罗广场。那里有一尊3000年的古奥伯利斯克(obelisk)。’‘一位奥甘尼斯特(organist)’,她说道。‘不对,一尊奥伯利斯克。’——‘是这样!可是一位奥甘尼斯特怎么能活3000年!’我赌咒我说的都是真的。整个宴会的人都可作证!”

3. Herculaneum and Pompeii:海格力斯和庞贝,是两个在公元79年8月被维苏威火山喷发时毁掉的古城。

4. Still water runs deep:静水流深。丹麦谚语,底部深不可及的平静的水象征思想深刻。和中国的思想有类似之处。

5. Pygmalion loved his Galatea. 据希腊神话,塞浦路斯的国王皮格马利翁(Pygmalion)用象牙雕刻出一尊美女像,结果他爱上了这尊像。爱情之女神维纳斯因此在这尊像上吹了一口仙气,使她有了生命。她的名字是珈拉苔娅(Galathea)。

6. Kaela looked like a doll in a doll's house:原文是:“将要住在玩偶之家里”(Sidde i dukkeskab),这是北欧一句成语,请参看易卜生的剧本《玩偶之家》。(剧情与内涵有点像尼克·基德曼演的一部电影,讲述男人们把自己的妻子改造成完美机器人的故事。)

7. He looked like a swan amongst the geese:这句谚语原指这样一段故事。法国图尔的圣马丁被邀任图尔大主教的职务,但当他发现他不屑于担任此职时,他便藏到了鹅圈里,可是却因鹅的叫声而被人发现。


○Several Important Words and Phrases

注意:单词无限而讲解有限,各位要擅长利用像小D一样的学习资源哦!

1.Then he unfolded to them both the beauties of Nature, in all his works; he pointed out to them how, in the scale of creation, inanimate matter was inferior to animate nature; the plant above the mineral, the animal above the plant, and man above them all. He strove to show them how the beauty of the mind could be displayed in the outward form, and that it was the sculptor's task to seize upon that beauty of expression, and produce it in his works.

这段很长,但意思上是连贯的,所以一定要充分理解后一起翻译,过程中还要注意调整语序,所以不是很容易。那么我们来简单分析一下,首先来看需要注意的一些词。unfold在fold(折叠)前加了un-这个表示“相反”的前缀,意思就是“打开”“展露”,用在这里就有一种“揭去面纱,展现秘密”的感觉。第一个断句也就是:然后他通过自己的所有作品来向她们展示自然之美。这里要关注both,因为有人可能会觉得应该还有另外一个宾语,但其实它是紧跟them,强调“母女二人”的。我们平时做翻译,就要在类似细节上认真研究。

inanimate和animate又是一对根据词缀变化导致的反义词,词源可以很容易看出和animal一样,所以它们的含义也不难猜,就是无/有生命的。插花提一下,喜欢看动漫的同学应该都知道标准说法是animation,从动画制作角度来分析意义就很好理解记忆了。inferior对应的是superior,表示地位高低,而且程度都非常强烈。要翻译这个有排比结构的长句,重点是在明白它与上下文联系的基础上,充分理解它的意思。

关键词是creation,这里它有两层含义,其一是“作品”,亦即Alfred的雕塑,其二则是广义的“造物”,亦即世界创生的过程。后者的顺序决定了前者的关注度,这就是后面那些要素的排序来源。翻译时为了对应,无须把这双重性都翻出来,不过为了保持原意,取两边都有包含的“创作”之意比较合适。因此,这句就是:“他向她们指出,在创作中,生命体是怎样高于非生命体,植物是怎样高于矿物,动物是怎样高于植物,人类又是怎样凌驾于万物之上的。”

最后一句翻译上没什么好说的,意思也很明了:“他努力向她们展示思想之美是怎样由外在形式表现出来的,并说明雕刻家的使命就是抓住这种美的表现并用自己的作品将其展现出来。”一切文艺创作者其实都是这样,用自己的工具去描述一些人类共有的感情与个人独特的体悟。

2. Songs were sung, and cheers given; for it was a gay wedding, and they were a handsome pair.

后半句有两个词需要讲解一下,gay和handsome都是常见词,但在这里有了不太常见的意思。首先,虽然很多人一看到gay就想到同性恋,但其实它的本意是happy,而且许多文人都特别喜欢用这个词写诗之类的,所以书面写作时如果要用前面的意思,最好换用homosexual这个词。handsome在这里也不是英俊,而是可以和fair替换的,解释成“漂亮”就很好,因为这个说法事实上是不分性别的。

3. I once fell in love with a beautiful statue, which awoke to life in my arms; but the kindred soul, which is a gift from heaven, the angel who can feel and sympathize with and elevate us, I have not found and won till now. You came, Sophy, not in the glory of outward beauty, though you are even fairer than is necessary. The chief thing still remains. You came to teach the sculptor that his work is but dust and clay only, an outward form made of a material that decays, and that what we should seek to obtain is the ethereal essence of mind and spirit. Poor Kaela! our life was but as a meeting by the way-side; in yonder world, where we shall know each other from a union of mind, we shall be but mere acquaintances.

Alfred最后的这段独白很长,意思上却清晰易懂,安徒生想表达的主题基本就在结尾处他和苏菲的这次对话里了。这里我们主要来说三个单词。第一个是elevate,它的意思是“提升”,经常与spirit连用,表示对人精神灵魂的高层次升华。第二个是ethereal,它也是个高级词汇,可以在表达各类神圣缥缈事物时用作修饰。最后一个是essence,就是core的意思,本身没什么好说的,但非常有用,对写作有好处,应注意积累。

顺便,这里提一下阅读时应怎样对待单词。在读原文书时,最好不要不停查单词,尤其在读大部头时,这样做是非常影响速度的,也很容易令人厌倦。况且,很多词语其实并没有什么重要性,不然我也不会一长段只讲一两个单词。我们需要练习的就是,在反复阅读的过程中,锻炼出发现哪些词语会有特殊用法,对写作和日后读书有用,并且将其尽可能了解牢记的能力。这个外人帮不上,只能看自己有没有足够的敏感度和毅力,总之对积累很有好处是确实的。

PS:其他翻译重点都在题目里,回复后见二楼答案讲解。


按此在新窗口浏览图片英文版(右键“目标另存为”可下载):
点击浏览该文件



[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-18 14:54:00编辑过]

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posted @ 2010-08-18 15:23 若灵 阅读(44) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

按此在新窗口浏览图片

学校介绍:

耶鲁大学(Yale University),旧译“耶劳大书院”,是一所坐落于美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市的私立大学,始创于1701年,初名“大学学院”(Collegiate School)。耶鲁大学是美国历史上建立的第三所大学,今为常青藤联盟的成员之一。

在2007英国泰晤士专上教育增刊(Times Higher Education Supplement)的世界大学排名中,耶鲁大学在总平均排名与剑桥、牛津大学并列世界第二。美国普林斯顿评论(Princeton Review)在2006把耶鲁大学在全美最难进的大学里排第二。

开放课程介绍:

越来越多的美国著名学府将课程的视频或者材料放在网上,这种开放性课程也受到了大家的欢迎。最近耶鲁大学也推出了自己的开放性课程,全部是比较受欢迎的本科课程,主要包括教学大纲,题目汇总以及其他的课程相关材料,同时课程的音频和视频文件也包括在内。

毫无疑问,这一举动极大地方便了全球其他地方的学生能够接触到美国高等学府的课程,大家可以到Open Yale Courses的站点查看。值得提到的一点是,所有的课程材料都采用了Creative Commons的Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0协议。因此所有的使用者都可以下载,分享这些材料,甚至对所有的课程材料进行演绎,只要不是用于商业用途,并且署名为Yale。

课程主讲人:

按此在新窗口浏览图片

Shelly Kagan is the Clark Professor of Philosophy at Yale University and the former Henry R. Luce Professor of Social Thought and Ethics. Originally a native of Skokie, Illinois, he received his B.A. from Wesleyan University and his Ph.D. from Princeton University under the supervision of Thomas Nagel in 1982. He taught at the University of Pittsburgh and at the University of Illinois at Chicago before arriving at Yale. Kagan is of Jewish descent.

According to his Yale web page, his main research interests "lie in moral philosophy, in particular normative ethics(规范伦理学). Indeed, my second book is a systematic survey of the field of normative ethics, considered analytically (rather than historically, as is more typical of textbooks in ethics). More particularly still, much of my work centers on the debate between consequentialist(结果论者) and deontological moral theories(道义论)."

An article in the Yale Bulletin and Calendar says that his book The Limits of Morality "critiques so-called ordinary morality; the view that there are limits to what morality can impose on humans; and defends the doctrine of classical utilitarianism(功利主义), which holds that people are morally obliged, without limit, to do as much good as they can." His Normative Ethics "examines how to judge the rightness or wrongness of actions, exploring such factors as consequences, harm and consent."

Kagan is currently exploring the concept of desert(赏罚功过), which is a philosophical concept of what individuals do or do not deserve. He is working on a book called The Geometry of Desert to be published in the future. Kagan is also a member of the editorial board of the journal Ethics.



All I'm going to ask is that we not appeal to such religious arguments, appeal to _______1_______, or what have you, in the course of this argument, in the course of this class.

If you want to, you could think of this class as one big _____2_____. What conclusions would we come to about the nature of death if we had to think about it from a _____3_____? Making use of only our own reasoning, as opposed to whatever answers we might be given by ________4_________.

And so I'm going to try to convince you that, you know, there is no soul, immortality would not be a good thing, fear of death is not actually an appropriate response to death, ___________4_______________. As I say, the common picture is pretty much mistaken from start to end.

But both today and throughout the entire semester, as I'm lecturing, I want to invite you to jump in with questions. Well, _________5___________

[notes]听写就做在这里吧~加油!↖(^ω^)↗[/notes]

本期作业:听写填空。(一定记得去小组贴巩固复习哦,许多知识点都在那边)

奖励标准:200HY。

PS:要想灌大水,留下沪元来=A=


>>>点我直达小组讨论帖(单词讲解和背景补充都在此)<<<

[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-13 15:58:23编辑过]

论坛帖子:http://bbs.yeshj.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=8&ID=606260
posted @ 2010-08-13 16:13 若灵 阅读(68) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
按此在新窗口浏览图片

几乎每个人都是读或者听着童话长大的。年少时我们只明白字面的意义,而成长后渐渐会懂得,所有美好的文字下面,都埋藏着一些沉重的存在。童话不仅仅是写给孩子的,每个传说都戴着漂亮的面具,下面是一张或朴实或丑陋的脸。

要知道,格林童话黑暗,安徒生童话现实,王尔德的童话悲伤,而刘易斯的童话怪诞。一千零一夜残暴荒淫,而小王子让读者认识生存与死亡。然而无论寓意为何,童话永远充满魅力,值得反复进行多样化的解读。从今天开始,就让我们揭开那些面具,看看耳熟能详的故事那不为人知的另一张脸。


上期精彩内容在这里:【面具下的童话】04 在尘埃里看出花来——A Story


按此在新窗口浏览图片

1. Anne Lisbeth was a beautiful young woman, with a red and white complexion, glittering white teeth, and clear soft eyes; and her footstep was light in the dance, but her mind was lighter still. 这里的“complexion”是什么意思?划线部分怎么理解?

2. Her own boy was provided for by being at the laborer's where the mouth watered more frequently than the pot boiled, and where in general no one was at home to take care of the child. 翻译划线部分。

3. “睡眠是种极好的发明”该用哪个词?Sleep is a ______ invention.
A. terrific B. brilliant C. capital D. extraordinary

4. she could not relieve her heart by telling the laborer's wife, _____ the latter should think she did not enjoy her former position at the castle. 这里该用哪个连词?

5. "Ah," said she, "what bird of ill omen art thou?" 翻译这句话。


按此在新窗口浏览图片这个故事最初发表在1859年哥本哈根出版的《新的童话和故事集》第一卷第三辑。安徒生在他的手记中写道:“在《安妮·莉斯贝》中,我想说明一切良好的愿望都藏在人的心中,而且通过曲折的道路一定会发芽生长。在这里,母亲的爱在恐慌和颤抖的气氛中也可以产生生命和力量。”

一个母亲为了虚荣,甘愿到一个贵族家去当乳母而抛弃了自己的亲生孩子,使孩子最后惨遭不幸。这样的母亲是不可原谅的。按照基督教的教义这是“罪过”,但安徒生引用上帝的“爱”,通过她本人的悔恨和思想斗争终于取得了“谅解”而获得圆满的结局:“安妮·莉斯贝的脸上,在太阳光中,露出一种和平和安静的表情。她说她感到非常愉快。她现在重新获得了灵魂。昨天晚上那个‘海鬼’——她的儿子——是和她一道。”

这是安徒生善良和人道主义精神的体现。关于安妮·莉斯贝的内心斗争的描写,很细致,也是安徒生力图“创新”的一个方面。他的童话中几乎篇篇体现出上帝的伟大与仁慈,也许这要归为现实的无奈与残酷,使人们只能寄希望于超越自然的伟力来拯救自己,哪怕是在虚无缥缈的来世。对亲情的探讨也是安徒生偏爱的主题,日后我们会读到更多这方面不同类型的文章。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期作业:

回答上述问题。

奖励标准:200HY

PS:回帖请不要设置楼主可见,以便大家交流学习。有问题欢迎提出,我会在回帖里直接编辑解答,所以请记得回来看看。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期重点:

○Related Knowledge

1. 菊苣(Cichoric)是一种植物,它的根可以当咖啡代用品。

2. The sun had set, and the evening bells sounded through the air from the tower of the village church, but to her it was not the bells, but the cry of the frogs in the marshes. ——安徒生写到这里,大概是想到了他同时代的丹麦诗人蒂勒(J.M.Thirle)的两句诗:如果贝得尔·奥克斯的青蛙晚上在沼泽地里叫/第二天的太阳会很明朗,对着玫瑰花微笑。

3. 圣烛节(Kyndelmisse)是在2月2日,即圣母马利亚产后40天带着耶稣往耶路撒冷去祈祷的纪念日。又称“圣母行洁净礼日”、“献主节”等。

4. the shining clasps of the Bible:古时的《圣经》像一个小匣子,不念时可以用扣子扣上。

5. "Rend your hearts and not your garments, and turn unto the Lord."——见《圣经·旧约全书·约珥书》第二章第十三节。最后“归向上帝”这句话应该是“归向耶和华你们的神”,和安徒生在这里引用的略有不同。

○Several Important Words and Phrases

注意:单词无限而讲解有限,各位要擅长利用像小D一样的学习资源哦!

1.drop a subject

搁置某个话题。那么转移话题怎么说呢?从简单直观的change the topic/avoid the issue到比较少见的sidetrack都可以。

2. “抓紧”在原文里是“hold fast”,这就涉及到翻译时需要注意的一个问题——一词多义。有些单词看上去眼熟,但在具体语境中的意思可能我们并不清楚。fair就是个好例子,因为它是个高频词而且通常很难准确找到对应词汇。比如fair lady,大部分人都能理解意思但翻译不好。日常读书时应该注意积累类似词语,加强在这方面的敏感度。

3. 古英语的一些词汇对应

因为文中出现了不少圣经原文,人物说话时也用了古英语,我们来系统整理一下比较常用的一些词,它们在诗歌和戏剧中频繁出现。thee和thou都是you,但前者是后者的宾格,而thou art就表示you are。thy和thine是your(你的/你们的),ye也是you(你们),hast等于have。除此之外,许多单词的拼写方式与现代英语都有所区别,还有许多词长得一样但意思截然不同,所以在阅读时要注意区分核查,翻译时尤其要上心。

PS:其他翻译重点都在题目里,回复后见二楼答案讲解。


按此在新窗口浏览图片英文版(右键“目标另存为”可下载):
点击浏览该文件


[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-11 16:54:41编辑过]

论坛帖子:http://bbs.yeshj.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=29&ID=606108
posted @ 2010-08-11 17:28 若灵 阅读(85) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

按此在新窗口浏览图片

学校介绍:

耶鲁大学(Yale University),旧译“耶劳大书院”,是一所坐落于美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市的私立大学,始创于1701年,初名“大学学院”(Collegiate School)。耶鲁大学是美国历史上建立的第三所大学,今为常青藤联盟的成员之一。

在2007英国泰晤士专上教育增刊(Times Higher Education Supplement)的世界大学排名中,耶鲁大学在总平均排名与剑桥、牛津大学并列世界第二。美国普林斯顿评论(Princeton Review)在2006把耶鲁大学在全美最难进的大学里排第二。

开放课程介绍:

越来越多的美国著名学府将课程的视频或者材料放在网上,这种开放性课程也受到了大家的欢迎。最近耶鲁大学也推出了自己的开放性课程,全部是比较受欢迎的本科课程,主要包括教学大纲,题目汇总以及其他的课程相关材料,同时课程的音频和视频文件也包括在内。

毫无疑问,这一举动极大地方便了全球其他地方的学生能够接触到美国高等学府的课程,大家可以到Open Yale Courses的站点查看。值得提到的一点是,所有的课程材料都采用了Creative Commons的Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0协议。因此所有的使用者都可以下载,分享这些材料,甚至对所有的课程材料进行演绎,只要不是用于商业用途,并且署名为Yale。

课程主讲人:

按此在新窗口浏览图片

Shelly Kagan is the Clark Professor of Philosophy at Yale University and the former Henry R. Luce Professor of Social Thought and Ethics. Originally a native of Skokie, Illinois, he received his B.A. from Wesleyan University and his Ph.D. from Princeton University under the supervision of Thomas Nagel in 1982. He taught at the University of Pittsburgh and at the University of Illinois at Chicago before arriving at Yale. Kagan is of Jewish descent.

According to his Yale web page, his main research interests "lie in moral philosophy, in particular normative ethics(规范伦理学). Indeed, my second book is a systematic survey of the field of normative ethics, considered analytically (rather than historically, as is more typical of textbooks in ethics). More particularly still, much of my work centers on the debate between consequentialist(结果论者) and deontological moral theories(道义论)."

An article in the Yale Bulletin and Calendar says that his book The Limits of Morality "critiques so-called ordinary morality; the view that there are limits to what morality can impose on humans; and defends the doctrine of classical utilitarianism(功利主义), which holds that people are morally obliged, without limit, to do as much good as they can." His Normative Ethics "examines how to judge the rightness or wrongness of actions, exploring such factors as consequences, harm and consent."

Kagan is currently exploring the concept of desert(赏罚功过), which is a philosophical concept of what individuals do or do not deserve. He is working on a book called The Geometry of Desert to be published in the future. Kagan is also a member of the editorial board of the journal Ethics.



1. According to Shelly, what're the two approaches of a class?

And given this existence of this immaterial soul, it's a possibility, _______2_______, that we will survive our deaths.

Immortality would be wonderful. That's what we hope is the case, whether or not we know that it's the case. Immortality would be wonderful, that's why death's so bad: ________3_________.

And so I'm going to try to convince you that, you know, there is no soul, immortality would not be a good thing, fear of death is not actually an appropriate response to death, ___________4_______________. As I say, the common picture is pretty much mistaken from start to end.

5. 翻译这句话:And if there is no soul, if death is the end, if there is no immortality, this is such an overwhelmingly bad thing that the only, the obvious reaction, the natural reaction, the universal reaction, is to face the prospect of death with fear and despair.

[notes]听写就做在这里吧~加油!↖(^ω^)↗[/notes]

本期作业:听写填空,并回答问题。(一定记得去小组贴巩固复习哦,许多知识点都在那边)

奖励标准:200HY。

PS:要想灌大水,留下沪元来=A=


>>>点我直达小组讨论帖(单词讲解和背景补充都在此)<<<

[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-9 15:10:09编辑过]

论坛帖子:http://bbs.yeshj.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=8&ID=605901
posted @ 2010-08-09 15:20 若灵 阅读(69) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏
按此在新窗口浏览图片

几乎每个人都是读或者听着童话长大的。年少时我们只明白字面的意义,而成长后渐渐会懂得,所有美好的文字下面,都埋藏着一些沉重的存在。童话不仅仅是写给孩子的,每个传说都戴着漂亮的面具,下面是一张或朴实或丑陋的脸。

要知道,格林童话黑暗,安徒生童话现实,王尔德的童话悲伤,而刘易斯的童话怪诞。一千零一夜残暴荒淫,而小王子让读者认识生存与死亡。然而无论寓意为何,童话永远充满魅力,值得反复进行多样化的解读。从今天开始,就让我们揭开那些面具,看看耳熟能详的故事那不为人知的另一张脸。


上期精彩内容在这里:【面具下的童话】03 生命无尽,真爱永恒——A Story from The Sand-Hills


按此在新窗口浏览图片

1. They (the blossomed apple-trees) had hastened to bring forth flowers before they got green leaves. 翻译这句话。

2. “沐浴在太阳光下”该用哪个动词?

3. God's kindness to us men is beyond all limits. & God is mercy and love personified.

Paraphrase the two sentences.(也就是用一个不同的英文句子表达相同的意思)

4. “He described hell to them as a miserable hole where all the refuse of the world gathers. ”这里的“refuse”是什么意思?

5. “How could our Lord to do so, who is so infinitely good, and who knows how the wickedness comes from without and within?”和“In my violence I have done this and that."”划线部分分别应该怎么理解?


按此在新窗口浏览图片这个故事和《凤凰》等几篇童话一样,都属于安徒生瑞典行的产物。它短小简单,却表达了宽厚而博大的慈爱之情,是温暖人心的佳作。在情节设置上,它很容易让人联想到狄更斯的《圣诞颂歌》,但安徒生的这篇作品比它外延要广,内涵也更为丰富。

“即便是最坏的人身上也有一点上帝的成分——这点成分可以战胜与熄灭地狱中的火。”这句话就是本篇的核心。安徒生有一双看透人间丑恶的眼睛,同时却又有一颗执着相信真善美的心。故事中的牧师在某种程度上可以被看作作者本人的化身——在对世界的失望后,终于还是因为对人的爱而选择了宽恕。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期作业:

回答上述问题。

奖励标准:200HY

PS:回帖请不要设置楼主可见,以便大家交流学习。有问题欢迎提出,我会在回帖里直接编辑解答,所以请记得回来看看。


按此在新窗口浏览图片本期重点:

○Related Knowledge

七宗罪(The Seven Deadly Sins):

贪婪(greed):失控的欲望,是七宗罪中的重点。其他的罪恶只是无理欲望的补充。   
色欲(lust):肉体的欲望,过度贪求身体上的快乐。   
饕餮(Gluttony):贪食的欲望,浪费食物或者过度放纵食欲,过分贪图逸乐皆为饕餮一罪。   
妒忌(Envy):财产的欲望,因对方拥有的资产比自己多而心怀怨恨(此处的资产并非限定于财产,更多的指才能、才华)   
懒惰(Sloth):逃避的欲望,懒惰及浪费所造成的损失为懒惰一罪的产物。   
傲慢(Pride):卓越的欲望,过分自信导致的自我迷恋,以及过分渴求他人的关注为傲慢。   
暴怒(Wrath):复仇的欲望,源于心底的暴躁,因憎恨产生的不适当邪恶念头。

安徒生在文中这样说:“from the walls the names of the deadly sins shone in flaming letters: pride, avarice, drunkenness, wantonness- in short, the whole seven-coloured bow of sin.” 他提到的七宗罪和传统宗教意义上的概念略有不同,但表达的内核是一致的,看单词意思就明白了。

○Several Important Words and Phrases

注意:单词无限而讲解有限,各位要擅长利用像小D一样的学习资源哦!

1.He spoke very excitedly, saying that their evil propensities would not be destroyed, nor would the fire be extinguished, and they should never find rest.

evil可以换成wicked,extinguish也可以换成put out,但前者要书面和正式许多。翻译时需要注意的单词是excitedly,因为牧师的情绪并不是积极的兴奋,而是被失望催生的愤慨,所以首句可以意译为“大叫大嚷,非常生气”。

2. Like a ferocious animal, one of them rose out of his sleep and uttered a horrible cry, and gave his comrade a violent dig in the ribs with his pointed elbow, and this one turned round in his sleep.

发怒有许多单词,从最常见程度也最轻的angry到rage和furious。最后一个长得和ferocious很像,但后者表示的是brutal或者cruel,violent,只不过程度更强,更强调兽性。comrade意为“同志”,如果一群同志,就变成了ally(盟友)。rib是肋骨,Eve(夏娃)就曾经是Adam(亚当)的一根rib。

utter a cry是发出一声尖叫,cry有尖利的含义在里面,千万不能翻译成嚎叫,因为那样就会直接用howl了。同时应该记住这个动词搭配,utter有“上升”之意,明显能感觉到声音拔高的过程。而pointed elbow从字面来看翻译不好,但从意义上容易理解,直接译成“瘦削的手肘”就好。由此可见,对词义的正确理解和适当转换在翻译中是非常重要的。

PS:其他翻译重点都在题目里,回复后见二楼答案讲解。


按此在新窗口浏览图片英文版(右键“目标另存为”可下载):
点击浏览该文件


[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-6 13:26:13编辑过]

论坛帖子:http://bbs.yeshj.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=29&ID=605674
posted @ 2010-08-06 14:06 若灵 阅读(55) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏

按此在新窗口浏览图片

学校介绍:

耶鲁大学(Yale University),旧译“耶劳大书院”,是一所坐落于美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市的私立大学,始创于1701年,初名“大学学院”(Collegiate School)。耶鲁大学是美国历史上建立的第三所大学,今为常青藤联盟的成员之一。

在2007英国泰晤士专上教育增刊(Times Higher Education Supplement)的世界大学排名中,耶鲁大学在总平均排名与剑桥、牛津大学并列世界第二。美国普林斯顿评论(Princeton Review)在2006把耶鲁大学在全美最难进的大学里排第二。

开放课程介绍:

越来越多的美国著名学府将课程的视频或者材料放在网上,这种开放性课程也受到了大家的欢迎。最近耶鲁大学也推出了自己的开放性课程,全部是比较受欢迎的本科课程,主要包括教学大纲,题目汇总以及其他的课程相关材料,同时课程的音频和视频文件也包括在内。

毫无疑问,这一举动极大地方便了全球其他地方的学生能够接触到美国高等学府的课程,大家可以到Open Yale Courses的站点查看。值得提到的一点是,所有的课程材料都采用了Creative Commons的Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0协议。因此所有的使用者都可以下载,分享这些材料,甚至对所有的课程材料进行演绎,只要不是用于商业用途,并且署名为Yale。

课程主讲人:

按此在新窗口浏览图片

Shelly Kagan is the Clark Professor of Philosophy at Yale University and the former Henry R. Luce Professor of Social Thought and Ethics. Originally a native of Skokie, Illinois, he received his B.A. from Wesleyan University and his Ph.D. from Princeton University under the supervision of Thomas Nagel in 1982. He taught at the University of Pittsburgh and at the University of Illinois at Chicago before arriving at Yale. Kagan is of Jewish descent.

According to his Yale web page, his main research interests "lie in moral philosophy, in particular normative ethics(规范伦理学). Indeed, my second book is a systematic survey of the field of normative ethics, considered analytically (rather than historically, as is more typical of textbooks in ethics). More particularly still, much of my work centers on the debate between consequentialist(结果论者) and deontological moral theories(道义论)."

An article in the Yale Bulletin and Calendar says that his book The Limits of Morality "critiques so-called ordinary morality; the view that there are limits to what morality can impose on humans; and defends the doctrine of classical utilitarianism(功利主义), which holds that people are morally obliged, without limit, to do as much good as they can." His Normative Ethics "examines how to judge the rightness or wrongness of actions, exploring such factors as consequences, harm and consent."

Kagan is currently exploring the concept of desert(赏罚功过), which is a philosophical concept of what individuals do or do not deserve. He is working on a book called The Geometry of Desert to be published in the future. Kagan is also a member of the editorial board of the journal Ethics.



1. According to Shelly, his class will be divided into two parts, what are their focuses respectively?

And then we'll turn to value questions. If death is the end, is death bad? Now, of course, most of us are immediately and strongly inclined to think that death is bad, but there are ______2______ about how death could be bad. _______3_______, if after my death I won't exist, how could anything be bad for me? How could anything be bad for something that doesn't exist? So, how could death be bad? So, it's not that the result is going to be that I'm going to try to convince you that death isn't bad, but it takes actually a little bit work to _____4______ what is it about death that's bad and how can it be death? Is there more than one thing about death that makes it bad?

5. 翻译这句话: And so we'll end this semester by thinking about questions along the lines of rationality and morality of suicide.

[notes]听写就做在这里吧~加油!↖(^ω^)↗[/notes]

本期作业:听写填空,并回答问题。(一定记得去小组贴巩固复习哦,许多知识点都在那边)

奖励标准:200HY。

PS:要想灌大水,留下沪元来=A=


>>>点我直达小组讨论帖(单词讲解和背景补充都在此)<<<

[此贴子已经被作者于2010-8-3 15:00:02编辑过]

论坛帖子:http://bbs.yeshj.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=8&ID=605399
posted @ 2010-08-03 16:39 若灵 阅读(41) | 评论 (0)编辑 收藏