4
．第三幕第四场
王后寝宫
HAMLET
Look here, upon this picture, and on this,
（
on this
后省略
picture
）
The counterfeit presentment of two brothers.
See, what a grace was seated on this brow;
Hyperion
’s curls; the front of Jove himself;
An eye like Mars, to threaten and command;
A station like the herald Mercury
New-lighted on a heaven-kissing hill;
（把老国王比作天神、战神和神使，极尽赞誉）
A combination and a form indeed,
Where every god did seem to set his seal,
To give the world assurance of a man:
This was your husband
. Look you now, what follows: ( now
后省略
your husband)
Here is your husband
; like a mildew’d ear,
（以不同时态体现
“过去的丈夫”和现在的丈夫）
Blasting his wholesome brother. Have you eyes?
（
his wholesome brother
指老国王）
Could you on this fair mountain leave to feed,
（
this fair mountain
喻指老国王）
And batten on this moor? Ha! Have you eyes?
（
this moor
喻指新国王）
You cannot call it love; for at your age
The hey-day in the blood is tame, it’s humble,
And waits upon the judgement: and what judgment
Would step from this to this? Sense, sure, you have,
（
this to this
分别照应老国王和新国王）
Else could you not have motion;1
）
but sure, that sense
Is apoplex’d;2
）
for madness would not err,
3
）
Nor sense to ecstasy was ne’er so thrall’d
4
）
But it reserved some quantity of choice,
To serve in such a difference. 5
）
What devil was’t
That thus hath cozen’d you at hoodman-blind?
Eyes without feeling, feeling without sight,
Ears without hands of eyes, smelling sans all,
（两句对仗，加强语气）
6
）
Or but a sickly part of one true sense
Could not so mope.
O shame! Where is thy blush? 1
）
Rebellious hell,
If thou canst mutine in a matron’s bones,
2
）
To flaming youth let virtue be as wax,
And melt in her own fire: proclaim no shame
（
her
照应
virtue
）
3
）
When the compulsive ardour gives the charge,
4
）
Since frost itself as actively doth burn
5
）
And reason panders will.
这一段是哈姆雷特在王后寝宫怒斥他母亲毫无廉耻的行为，他用两句
Have you eyes
质问母亲，言辞激烈甚至露骨，把他的羞辱尽情地宣泄（如最后几句：“要是地狱中的孽火可以在一个中年夫人的骨髓里煽起了蠢动，那么在青春的烈焰中，让贞操象蜡一样融化了吧。当无法阻遏的情欲大举进攻的时候，用不着喊什么羞耻了，因为霜雪都会自动燃烧，理智都会做情欲的奴隶呢”）。其中最淋漓尽致的是标有
1
）——
6
）和
1
）——
5
）的两
部分，试分析结构如下。第一部分：
//1
）转折
///2
）因果
////3
）条件
/4
）顺接
//5
）递进
///6
）递进。第二部分：
//1
）因果
///2
）假设
/3
）并列
//4
）因果
///5
）并列。
pander
ardour
霜雪