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Text: 中级篇
Pop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty.Wherever they go ,people turn out in their thousands to greet them.The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling ,colorfully-dressed idols.The stars are transported in their chauffeur-driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopters or executive airplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers,press-agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privileges of Royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public. They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property.The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be caculated,for their rates of pay are astronomical.
And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly.The great days of Hollywood have become legendary:famous stars enjoyed fame,wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale.By today's standards,the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the title 'Top of the Pops'is fierce but the rewards are truly colossal.
It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. Don't the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency -often more than large industrial concerns- and the taxman can only be grateful for their massive annual contributions to the exchequer. So who would begrudge them their rewards?
It's all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about the successes and rewards of others .People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg.For every famous star,there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living.A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn.(407)
1.In the passage ,which of the following is not included in the privileges of pop stars?
A.They earn enormous sums of money.
B.They enjoy fame and admiration.
C.They make scheduled appearances in public.
D.They travel in luxurious automobiles.
2.The author's attitude towards the high rewards of famous stars can be said to be
A.critical B.sympathetic C.ambivalent D.partial
3.The author implies that top entertainers
A. make great contributions to national revenue.
B. become famous overnight .
C. would rather choose more peaceful life.
D. should not lavish money upon their pleasures.
4.According to the author,an ordinary man
A.has courage to compete with others.
B.is content with very little.
C.prefers a steady life with comrfortable earnings.
D.never expects very high rewards.
5.The word "humdrum"(line 1,paragraph 4)in the context probably means
A.lacking variety or excitement .
B.low in rank.
C.honorable.
D.common.
进阶篇
Giving psychologists the option to become trained prescribers may create a division among psychologists whereby some will be able to prescribe and others will not.As a result,major discord could emerge. It is possible that psychologists with the right to prescribe may consider themselves superior to those without the right .If gaining prescription privileges would lead to broader third-party payments or full hospital privileges for those qualified to prescribe,psychologists unable to do so may feel that they have been accorded second-class status in their profession.
The debate,thus far, has focused on the training necessary to grant psychologists prescription privileges.Although this matter is important, of more basic concern are treatment implications and the future role of psychologists.Prescription privileges could move psychologists closer to a medical model and further away from their historical goal.Psychologists began in the late 19th century as an application for psychological techniques.Its focus has been on assessment ,behavioral interventions ,consultation,and applied research .Before the widespread use of psychotropic medications ,psychiatry emphasized the practice of psychotherapy.Gradually,psychiatry moved toward increased reliance on drugs and away from psychotherapy.It is possible ,over time,that psychologists ,like psychiatrists,could become more influenced by the use of medication.
Despite the argument that prescription privileges significantly may alter traditional psychotherapeutic implications ,some psychologists strongly feel that they would be looked upon more favorably,gain prestige,and increase their caseload if they could hae the same status of prescribing medication as psychiatrists do. Does this mean that a lack of prescription privileges promotes the image of psychology as an inferior profession to psychiatry? Contrary to this argument is the fact that psychologists are delivering more outpatient mental health care than any other group of providers.
Whatever some psychologists may perceive as a therapeutic drawback because they are unable to offer prescriptions for psychotropic medications apparently is not recognized by the general public. Psychologists may have flourished because they have offered a clear and distinct service from psychiatry. The use of medication may send a message to patients that may interfere with personal change and growth. Medications can undercut psychotherapy efforts by implying that benefits come from external agents,not from one's own efforts at change and growth.
A large portion of the population prefers the non-medication orientation of psychology. If psychologists began prescribing medications ,many of their patients seeking alternative treatment might turn to social workers or other non-medical therapists .There is little question that psychologists' prescription privileges could have profound effects on the future direction of their profession.（424words)
6.We learn from the first paragraph prescription privileges may lead to professional discord mainly because
A.patients would turn to those qualified to prescribe .
B. not all psychologists would gain the right to prescribe.
C. trained prescribers are outstanding in their career.
D. psychological techniques would become second choices.
7. In the eyes of general public ,
A. psychology is an inferior profession to psychiatry.
B. inability to offer prescription put psychologists at the therapeutic disadvantages.
C. medication diminish the effectiveness of psychotherapy.
D. prescription privileges could raise the psychologists' image.
8. We can infer from the passage that if psychologists could prescribe,
A. it would lead to broader third-party payment
B. they would be looked upon more favorably
C. their caseload would increase
D. they might become more influenced by the use of drugs.
9. The best title of the passage may be
A.Future Role of Psychologists.
B. Prescribing Medications :a Reasonable Choices.
C. Psychology versus Psychiatry .
D.Prescription Privileges &Psychotropic Medications.
10.The word " accord" (Line 6,paragraph 1)means
A.to grant
B. to agree
C. to conform
D. to bring
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posted on 2006-04-06 18:31
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