2008年6月6日
6月6日慢速VOA译文与总结Peter Drucker, 1909-2005: The Mind of a Management Thinker(1/2)
Peter Drucker was an expert on the ways of modern organizations. He liked to share his knowledge not by answering questions but by asking them. For example, he said business people must ask themselves not “What do we want to sell?” but “What do people want to buy?”
Peter Drucker是现代组织的专家。他喜欢提问而不是回答来分享他的知识。比如，他说商人必须问自己“人们想买什么？”而不是“我们要卖什么？”
He taught at the Clamant Claremont Graduate School of Management in California for more than thirty years. He also advised companies. And he roped wrote for the war Wall Street genial Journal opinion page for twenty years, until nineteen ninety-five. He commented on many economic and management issues.
他在加利福尼亚州的Claremont研究学校的管理专业任教超过30年。他也给公司提供建议。并且他为华尔街日报写了20年建议栏直到1995年。他评论了许多经济和管理问题。
Peter Drucker was born in Austria. He worked as reporter in Frank for Frankfurt, Germany, in the late nineteen twenties. He also studied international law.
Peter Drucker出生于奥地利。20世纪20年代他在德国法兰克福市做记者。他也研究国际法。
He fled Germany as Adolf Hitler came to power in nineteen thirty-three. Peter Drucker spent four years in Britain as an adviser to investment banks. He then came to the United States. He used his knowledge of international law to advise American businesses. He developed this advice in two books on business methods and management.
1933年当阿道夫希特勒当权他跑出了德国。Peter Drucker作为投资银行顾问在英国待了四年。然后他来了美国。他用国际法的知识给美国商人提供建议。他在2本书商业方法和管理方面发展了这个建议。

flee 逃跑

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posted @ 2008-06-06 19:56 悠悠心情 阅读(3) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年6月5日
6月5日慢速VOA译文与总结Brain Cancer Like Kennedy's Is Difficult to Treat(2/2)
Some cancer experts believe that doctors are unlikely to operate on Senator Kennedy. They say the likely treatment is radiation and kimono ferity chemotherapy. What But chemical treatment for brain cancer is complex because of the protective blood-brain barrier. It stops some chemicals from entering the brain, including many chimer chemo drugs.
一些癌症专家认为医生不可能给肯尼迪议员做手术。他们说可能的治疗方式是射线疗法和化学疗法。但是化学治疗方法对脑癌是很复杂的因为保护脑部血液障碍。它组织一些化学药物进入大脑，包括许多chemo药物。
Radiation treatments for brain cancer have improved a lot in recent years. New methods and equipment can permit extremely localism localized treatments that is are less likely to damage healthy tissue.
脑癌的放射疗法最近改进了很多。新的方法和仪器允许非常局限性的方法减少对健康组织的破坏。
Research into brain cancer treatment also includes drug ferity therapy. In two thousand five, a drug called temozolomide was shown to add a few months to the lives of the brain cancer privations patients. And researchers are studying news uses for the cancer drug a vested Avastin. It is already used to treat breast, common colon and lung cancer. It starves tumors by baking blocking blood flow to the growths.
研究脑癌治疗方法也包括药物治疗。2005年，一个叫temozolomide的药物被展示出来增加了得脑癌患者的生命时间。并且研究员正在研究抗癌药物Avastin的使用。这个药物已经用于治疗胸，结肠和肺癌。它阻止血液流向瘤使其不能生长。
United States has about ten thousand new cancers clear almost cancerous gliomas a year. Half of the people die within fifteen months. Malignant gliomas are more greet serve more aggressive in older people. Ted Kennedy is seventy-six years old. The senator competed Monday in the second half of a boot growth boat race in Massachusetts, finishing second in his five-boat bow division.
美国每年有1万新增癌的胶质瘤。一半的人在15个月内死亡。恶性胶质瘤在年纪大的人中间更有侵略性。Ted肯尼迪76岁了。议员参加马赛诸塞州周一的比赛进入船赛后半时，完成5船的第二个。

radiation 放射，射线疗法
chemotherapy 化学疗法
barrier 障碍
localized 局限性的
therapy 治疗
colon 结肠
aggressive 侵略的
second half 后半时

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posted @ 2008-06-05 14:55 悠悠心情 阅读(4) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年6月4日
6月4日慢速VOA译文与总结Brain Cancer Like Kennedy's Is Difficult to Treat(1/2)

Last week doctors in Massachusetts announced that Seined Senator Tidy Ted Kennedy has brain cancer. The news came after he suffered a sassier seizure. Doctors found the cleome a glioma, a gruff growth in the supportive tissue of the brain. The gluier glial tissue is where the largest prestige percentage and bring tomes of brain tumors begin.
上周，麻萨诸塞州的医生宣布特迪肯尼迪议员患了脑癌。这个消息是在他发病后得到的。医生发现了一个神经胶质瘤，在脑部的支持组织上生长。神经胶质的组织是大部分脑部肿瘤生成的地方。
More than forty percent of groans growths in the brain are cleomes gliomas. What But they make up almost eighty percent of cancerous grouts growths, like the loin cleome malignant glioma that Seined Senator Kennedy has. Sniggers Seizures and headaches are  common first signs of a cleome glioma.
在脑部超过40％的生长是神经胶质瘤。但是他们造成大约80％的癌生长，比如肯尼迪议员得的恶性神经胶质瘤。发作和头痛是神经胶质瘤常见的第一现象。
Cancerous is tomes glial tumors generally spread in the brain a the way roots spread from a plant. That makes removing the tome tumor more difficult. A clear bottle border between the cancer and health tissue can be difficult to find.
癌神经胶质瘤通常从生长到扎根在脑部扩散。这让移除瘤更困难。癌和正常组织的清晰边缘很难找到。
The location of the cleome glioma must also be considered when deciding treatment. Seined Senator Kennedy’s tome tumor is in the left prattle parietal lobe of the brain. This area is involved some sensory understanding and special recognition, as well as language, reading and vision. Removal of the cleome a glioma from this area can result in speech problems and other disabilities.
当决定治疗时神经胶质瘤的位置也必须考虑。肯尼迪议员的瘤在大脑左颅顶部。这个区域包括一些知觉理解和特殊认知，像语言，阅读和视觉。移除这个区域的一个神经胶质瘤会导致一些语言问题和其他残疾。

seizure 病的发作
glioma 神经胶质瘤
tissue 组织
glial 神经胶质的
tumor 瘤
malignant 恶性的
location 位置
parietal 颅顶部的
lobe 原形突出部
sensory 知觉的

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posted @ 2008-06-04 12:46 悠悠心情 阅读(5) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年6月3日
6月3日慢速VOA译文与总结Three Water and Sanitation Projects in India Win Online Search(2/2)
The project began in the cities of Indore, Baroda, Ahmedabad and Poplar Bhopal. Now the aim is to extend it to rural areas. The none-deed Naandi Foundation won for a project for safe drinking water in two states, Andhra Pradesh and Punjab. Villagers get clean water at pier of purification vacation centers. Then they sell the bottled of water within their communities for small a month amounts of money.
计划在Indore，Baroda，Ahmedabad和Bhopal这些城市开始。现在目标是延伸到全部地区。Naandi基金因为在2个州Andhra Pradesh和Punjab的安全饮用水计划胜出。村民从提纯中心得到干净的水。然后他们在社区卖瓶装水来获得一小部分钱。
The third winner is a group leading a sanitation project in Maharashtra and Gujarat states. Swayam Shikshan Prayog works with local governments and women’s groups to change local behaviors and improve sanitation. 
第三个获胜者是在Maharashtra和Gujarat州领导一个卫生计划的小组。Swayam Shikshan Prayog和当地政府以及妇女小组一起工作来改变当地习俗和改善卫生。
Tanvi Nagpal has heads the water and sanitation program at Global Water Challenge. She says the Coca Cola Company has given one million dollars to expand several of proposes proposals in the competition.
Tanvi Nagpal领导全球促进水问题研究会的水和卫生计划。她说可口可乐公司支出100万美元来扩展比赛中的提议。
This was the first time Global Water Challenge has been involved in an online search. Tanvi Nagpal says the organization may hold another competition in the coming years to look for other inventive ideas.
这是全球促进水问题研究会第一次参与网上搜索。Tanvi Nagpal说这个组织可能会在将来举办另一场比赛来寻找其他发明的想法。

purification 提纯
inventive 发明的

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posted @ 2008-06-03 21:29 悠悠心情 阅读(3) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年6月2日
6月2日慢速VOA译文与总结Three Water and Sanitation Projects in India Win Online Search(1/2)
A billion people live without a safe water supply. Two and a half billion, were or more than forty percent of all people, have no place to use a safe toilet. Recently on the Internet there was a competition to look for creative local solutions to water and sanitation needs.
10亿人生活没有安全的水提供。25亿，或者说超过40％的人，没有地方使用安全的厕所。现在在互联网上有个比赛，寻找有创造力的本地解决水和卫生需求。
Two organizations, a shockers Ashoka's Changemakers and Global Water Challenge, organized the worldwide search. Global Water Challenge is a coalition of twenty-two groups working for change in water and sanitation.
2个组织，Ashoka的Changemakers和全球水挑战，组织全世界范围搜索。全球水挑战是22个为水和卫生改变工作的小组联合。
A shocker Ashoka is a group for social entrepreneurs, people who look for creative solutions to social problems. Its Changemakers.net Web site is an online community where competitions are held. Anyone can vote or provide ideas and resources.
Ashoka是一个社会企业家群体，寻找有创造性的解决社会问题方法。Changemakers.net网站是举行比赛的在线社区。任何人都可以投票或是提供意见和资源。
The search for water and sanitation projects received more than two hundred fifty proposes proposals from fifty-four countries. Judges chose nine finalists in April. Then, visitors to the site voted for three winners. All three are from India. Each will receive five thousand dollars from Global Water Challenge.
水和卫生计划的搜索接受54个国家超过250条建议。决定选择9个决赛选手。然后，网友投票出3个获胜者。所有3个都是来自印度。每个能从全球水挑战获得5000美元。
Himanshu Parikh concerting Consulting Engineers won for a sanitation project called Slum Networking. It involves looking for nature solutions like gravity-based, house-to-house water and sanitation connections in poor areas.
Himanshu Parikh Consulting工程师因为一个叫贫民窟联网的卫生计划胜出。包括寻找自然解决方法比如在贫穷地区基于重力的，房子到房子的水和卫生联接。

coalition 结合，联合
entrepreneur 企业家，主办人
proposal 建议，提议
finalist 决赛选手
slum 贫民窟
gravity 重力

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posted @ 2008-06-02 21:11 悠悠心情 阅读(7) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年6月1日
6月1日慢速VOA译文与总结UN Aims to Raise Potatoes' Appeal(2/2)
The international trade in potatoes currently represents only about six percent of production, so prices are set locally. Potatoes are a good source of new truants nutrients. And farmers can plant them in rotation with green grain crops.
土豆的国际贸易最近声称只有产量的6％，所以价格是定的当地价。土豆是一种很好的营养资源。并且农民可以和粮食作物一起循环种植。
The United Nations World Food Program says potatoes can grow in almost any climate. They do not require very much water. And experts say potatoes can produce more food preheat per hectare than wheat or rice.
联合国粮食计划说土豆可以适应任何气候。它们不要求很多水。并且专家说每公顷土豆可以比小麦或大米产生更多食物。
Until the early nineteen nineties, most potato were gown in Europe, North America and Firmer Sophia the former Soviet republics. Person for person, European still eat the most potatoes. But the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says production has increased sharply in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
直到20世纪90年代早期，大多数土豆生长在欧洲，北美和前苏联共和国。欧洲人仍然吃许多土豆。但是联合国粮食和农业组织说亚洲，非洲和拉丁美洲产量快速增加。
The F.A.O. says developing countries grew more potatoes than developed countries for the first time in two thousand five. That same year, an American-led research team tried to settle the debate over where potatoes came from. They reported that all potatoes today have a single origin in southern Peru. The earliest as evidence suggested that farmers developed potatoes from wild plants more than seven thousand years ago.
FAO说2005年发展中国家第一次比发达国家种植更多的土豆。同一年，美国人领导的研究小组努力决定争论土豆是哪里来的。他们报告说现在的所有土豆有一个同样的根源在秘鲁南部。最早的证据显示超过7000年前农民将野生植物发展为土豆。

nutrient 营养物
rotation 循环，旋转
hectare 公顷
Soviet 苏联

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posted @ 2008-06-01 19:59 悠悠心情 阅读(3) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年5月31日
5月31日慢速VOA译文与总结UN Aims to Raise Potatoes' Appeal(1/2)
Some governments and agriculture experts have this advice to help people deal with high grain prices: Eat more potatoes.
一些政府和专家提出建议来帮助人们处理高粮价：吃更多的土豆。
The United Nations has declared two thousand eight the International Year of the Potato. There is even a Web Site to help bring more attention to the world's third most important food crop, after rice and wheat: potato2008.org.
联合国声明2008是国际土豆年。甚至有一个网站potato2008.org帮助大米和小麦之后的世界第三重要食物作物取得更多注意。
The world produced three hundred twenty million tons of the vegetables last year, about the same as in two thousand five. The top five producers were China, Russia, India, Ukraine and the United States. India hopes to double production in the next five years.
去年世界生产3200万吨蔬菜，大约与2005年一样。前5位生产国是中国，俄罗斯，印度，乌克兰和美国。印度希望在未来五年内产量翻一倍。
Officials in Bangladesh say vet that country produced a record eight million tons this season. Prices for rice, the main food crop, have doubled in Bangladesh in the past year. Potatoes now cost much less than rice.
孟加拉国的官员说这个季节国家生产记录800万吨。去年孟加拉国主要粮食作物大米的价格翻了一倍。土豆现在比大米价格低。
Yet potatoes are not an especially popular food joys choice in Bangladesh. The government hopes that will change. And some Bangladeshis may have no choice. Soldiers are now being served potatoes as part of their daily food. The International Potato setter Center in Lima, Perus, says potatoes could offer better food security for at least twenty Asian countries.
然而土豆不是孟加拉国最流行的食物选择。政府希望这将来能改变。并且一些孟加拉人可能没有选择。士兵被招待土豆作为他们日常的食物。秘鲁利马的国际土豆中心说土豆可以提供至少20个亚洲国家更好的食物保证。

Ukraine 乌克兰
Perus 秘鲁
Lima 利马

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posted @ 2008-05-31 22:36 悠悠心情 阅读(3) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年5月30日
5月30日慢速VOA译文与总结Joseph Juran, 1904-2008: A Life of Quality Control(2/2)
Yet he gave Pareto credit for identifying it as "universal" when, it seemed, he could have taken the credit himself. He could have called it, he said, the Juran principle.
他仍然给柏拉图荣誉为他定义作为“通用的”这看起来他给自己荣誉。他说他也称此为Juran原则。
In nineteen fifty-one, he published his "Quality Control handbook". This influential book especially interested the Japanese. He was invited to teach in Japan, and he advised some of these its largest companies. The Japanese also had help from another American, William Edwards Deming. The two experts helped Japan become a world leader in quality control.
1951年，他出版了他的《质量管理手册》。这本有影响的书特别引起日本人的注意。他被邀请到日本教学，并且他给一些日本的大公司提建议。日本人也从另一位美国人，威廉爱德华兹德明得到帮助。2位专家帮助日本成为世界质量管理的领导。
In nineteen sixty-four Joseph Juran published "Menagerial Breakthrough". This book formed the basis of several other strategies to reduce manufacturing mistakes and cut waste. Among them are the methods known as Six signer Sigma and lean management.
1964年Joseph Juran出版了《管理的突破》。这本书形成几个其他策略的基础来减少制造业的错误和减少浪费。其中就有六西格马和精益管理方法。
In nineteen seventy-nine, Joseph Juran established the Juran Institute in Canonicate Connecticut. It works with organizations that want to improve quality. But the main purpose of the institute, he said, is to improve society.
1979年，Joseph Juran在康涅狄格建立Juran协会。与想改善质量的组织一起工作。但是他说这个协会的主要目的是改善社会。
Joseph Juran died on February twenty-eighth in Rye, New York. That was where he lived with Sadie Juran, his wife of eighty-one years.
Joseph Juran2月28日在纽约Rye去世。那是他与81岁的太太Sadie Juran生活的地方。

universal 通用的，万能的
influential 有影响的
menagerial 管理的
breakthrough 突破
strategy 策略
lean 倾斜
lean management 精益管理

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posted @ 2008-05-30 15:43 悠悠心情 阅读(6) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年5月29日
5月29日慢速VOA译文与总结Joseph Juran, 1904-2008: A Life of Quality Control(1/2)
Recently the business world lost a leader in quality control. Joseph Juran dead died at the age of one hundred and three. He developed ideas that are still important today to improving the quality of products.
最近，企业界损失了质量管理方面的领导。Joseph Juran以103岁高龄去世。他发展的思想今天仍然对改进产品质量很重要。
Joseph Juran was born in Byelaw Braila, Romania. His family came to the United States in nineteen twelve when he was eight. They settled in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He studied electical engineering at University of Minnesota. He was also the school champion at the game of chess. After college, the Western Electrical Company put him to work of on mathematical methods of quality control.
Joseph Juran出生于罗马尼亚的Braila。1912年当他八岁的时候全家搬到美国。他们住在明尼苏达州的明尼阿波利斯。他在明尼苏达大学学习电子工程。他也是学校象棋冠军。大学毕业后，西部电子公司让他致力于质量管理的数学方法。
He became interested in the idea he termed "vital view few and Trebbia trivial many". This idea is popularly known as the "eighty-twenty rule". It could mean, for example, that eighty percent of manufacturing problems result from twenty percent of the causes.
他开始对术语“重要的少平常的多”感兴趣。这个思想广泛地以“80－20规则”闻名。可以这么理解，比如，80％的制造问题由20％的原因导致。
He named it the parietal perusable "Pareto principle", for the Italian economist Frito Prato Vilfredo Pareto. A century ago, Prato Pareto observed that eighty percent of wealth in Italy went to twenty percent of the population. But Joseph Juran came to recognize that he had misnamed this principle. He knew that unequal distribution at had long benumb been observed in other areas, not just wealth.
他命名为“Pareto原理”，为了纪念意大利经济学家Vilfredo Pareto。1个世纪前，Pareto观察到意大利80％的财富在20％的人手中。但是Joseph Juran认识到他叫错这个原则的名字。他认为不相等的分配很久就被在其他领域观察到，不仅是财富。

business world 企业界
quality control 质量管理
vital 重要的
trivial 平常的
misname 叫错名字
distribution 分配

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posted @ 2008-05-29 15:34 悠悠心情 阅读(3) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
2008年5月28日
5月28日慢速VOA译文与总结WHO Chief Says World Faces Three Growing Threats(2 /2)
The W.H.O chief said climate change will also hit the poor the hardest but, to a greater or lesser extant, will affect all countries. She said more droughts, floods and storms mean greater demands for humanitarian aid. And she warned it would will mean a growing number of environmental refugees.
WHO主席说气候变化也打击穷人最严重，但是对于更大或较小的程度，将会影响所有国家。她说更多干旱，洪水和风暴意味着更大人道主义帮助的需求。并且她警告这也意味着环境难民数量的增加。
And, thirdly, Doctor Chan warned of a continued threat of pandemic influenza. She said it would be very unwise for governments not to prepare. She urged delegates to support the a W.H.O. resolution on the sharing of influenza viruses for research and to make bad things vaccines wildly widely available.
而且，第三，陈博士警告全国流行性感冒持续威胁。她说政府不准备是不明智的。她强烈要求代表支持WHO在分享流行性感冒病毒研究和疫苗广泛有效的提案。
The W.H.O. this week also released its World Health theistic Statistics report for two thousand eight. Agency officials say fewer people are dying of infectious diseases. In more and more countries, they say, the chief causes of death are conditions such as heart disease and stroke.
WHO本周也发表了2008世界卫生统计报告。机构官员说少数人死于有传染性的疾病。在越来越多国家，他们说，主要死因是像心脏病和中风这些情况。
By two thousand thirty, non-communicable conditions are expected to cause more than three-fourths of all deaths. Almost one-third of all deaths will result from cancer, heart disease and traffic accidents. The number one cause of preventable deaths is tobacco. More than eight million tobacco-related deaths are predicted in two thousand thirty--eighty percent of them in developing countries.
到2030年，非传染情况预期导致所有死亡的超过四分之三。大约三分之一的死亡由癌症，心脏病和车祸引起。头号可阻止的死亡原因是吸烟。2030年预计超过8百万起吸烟引起的死亡－－80％在发展中国家。

drought 干旱
humanitarian 人道主义的
refugee 流亡者，难民
pandemic 全国的
resolution 提案
vaccine 疫苗
statistics 统计
infectious 有传染性的
communicable 可传染的
stroke 中风

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posted @ 2008-05-28 13:26 悠悠心情 阅读(4) | 评论 (0) | 编辑 收藏
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